Soft Pneumatic Muscles: Revolutionizing Human Assistive Devices with Geometric Design and Intelligent Control by Mahmoud Elsamanty, Mohamed A. Hassaan, Mostafa Orban, Kai Guo, Hongbo Yang, Saber Abdrabbo, Mohamed Selmy

“…Additionally, an artificial neural network (ANN) was employed to predict pressure values in three chambers at desired Cartesian positions. The trained ANN model demonstrated exceptional performance. …”
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A unified method of predicting soil deformations induced by various shaped-section tunnelling in clays by Bin Zeng, Bin Zeng, Bin Zeng, Bin Zeng, Rui Ma, Rui Ma, Da Huang, Da Huang, Siqiao Ye, Siqiao Ye, Chao Yang, Hejun Chai

“…The soil deformation induced by random shaped-section tunneling is then obtained by integrating along the overall ground loss distribution, and the expressions are presented in the Cartesian and polar coordinate forms, respectively. …”
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A Hybrid Spatial Indexing Structure of Massive Point Cloud Based on Octree and 3D R*-Tree by Wei Wang, Yi Zhang, Genyu Ge, Qin Jiang, Yang Wang, Lihe Hu

“…As a point in Point Cloud consists of Cartesian coordinates <inline-formula><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><semantics><mrow><mo>(</mo><mi>x</mi><mo>,</mo><mi>y</mi><mo>,</mo><mi>z</mi><mo>)</mo></mrow></semantics></math></inline-formula>, the common method to explore geometric information and features is nearest neighbor searching. …”
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Gradient calculation techniques for multi-point ionosphere/thermosphere measurements from GDC by Hassanali Akbari, Hassanali Akbari, Douglas Rowland, Austin Coleman, Anton Buynovskiy, Jeffrey Thayer, Jeffrey Thayer

“…The previous work by De Keyser, originally developed for analysis of Cluster data, focused on 3-D Cartesian geometry, while the current work extends the approach to spherical geometry suitable for missions in Low Earth Orbit (LEO). …”
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Global Convolutional Neural Networks With Self-Attention for Fisheye Image Rectification by Byunghyun Kim, Dohyun Lee, Kyeongyuk Min, Jongwha Chong, Inwhee Joe

“…To better train and evaluate the proposed method, we generate fisheye images from the Place2 dataset with Cartesian and polar coordinates, and label them with original images (ground-truth). we also schedule the learning rate with cosine annealing and use an integrated loss function. …”
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Galerkin computational work on thermally enhancement process in complex rheological generalized theory due to 3D-partially ionized rotational flow by Nattakan Boonsatit, Muhammad Sohail, Kanit Mukdasai, Umar Nazir, Manoj Singh, Abha Singh, Chandika Rama Mohan, Anuwat Jirawattanapanit, Ahmed M. Galal, Mohamed R. Ali

“…The conservation laws are derived in Cartesian coordinates in a rotating frame for momentum and heat transfer laws. …”
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Electron magnetohydrodynamics Grad–Shafranov reconstruction of the magnetic reconnection electron diffusion region by D. Korovinskiy, E. Panov, R. Nakamura, S. Kiehas, M. Hosner, D. Schmid, I. Ivanov

“…Our analysis reveals that nearly all these minor limitations can be overcome by using a polynomial MMS-tailored reconstruction technique in the space of rotationally invariant variables instead of Cartesian coordinates.…”
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Impedance Iterative Learning Backstepping Control for Output-Constrained Multisection Continuum Arms Based on PMA by Yuexuan Xu, Xin Guo, Jian Li, Xingyu Huo, Hao Sun, Gaowei Zhang, Qianqian Xing, Minghe Liu, Tianyi Ma, Qingsong Ding

“…For one thing, the impedance control is utilized to ensure that the ideal static balance force is maintained constant in the Cartesian space. For another, the iterative learning backstepping control is applied to guarantee that the desired trajectory of each PMA can be accurately tracked with the output-constrained requirement. …”
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Picture fuzzy sub-hyperspace of a hyper vector space and its application in decision making problem by Shovan Dogra, Madhumangal Pal, Qin Xin

“…In this paper, the notion of picture fuzzy sub-hyperspace of a hyper vector space is introduced and some related results are investigated on the basis of some basic operations (intersection, union, Cartesian product etc.) on picture fuzzy sets. The concept of picture fuzzy linear transformation with respect to some picture fuzzy sub-hyperspace is initiated here and some important results are studied in this regard. …”
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On Grundy Total Domination Number in Product Graphs by Brešar Boštjan, Bujtás Csilla, Gologranc Tanja, Klavžar Sandi, Košmrlj Gašper, Marc Tilen, Patkós Balázs, Tuza Zsolt, vizer Máté

“…For the strong product, lower bounds on γgrt(G⊠H)\gamma _{gr}^t(G \boxtimes H) are proved as well as upper bounds for products of paths and cycles. For the Cartesian product we prove lower and upper bounds on the Grundy total domination number when factors are paths or cycles.…”
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FEM Modeling of Electro-Acoustic Nonlinearities in Surface Acoustic Wave Devices: A Methodological Review by Andreas P. Mayer, Elena A. Mayer, Markus Mayer, Werner Ruile, Vikrant Chauhan, Thomas Forster, Karl C. Wagner

“…The model is two-dimensional, corresponding to an infinite aperture, but all three Cartesian components of the displacement and electrical fields are accounted for. …”
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Evolutionary design of explainable algorithms for biomedical image segmentation by Kévin Cortacero, Brienne McKenzie, Sabina Müller, Roxana Khazen, Fanny Lafouresse, Gaëlle Corsaut, Nathalie Van Acker, François-Xavier Frenois, Laurence Lamant, Nicolas Meyer, Béatrice Vergier, Dennis G. Wilson, Hervé Luga, Oskar Staufer, Michael L. Dustin, Salvatore Valitutti, Sylvain Cussat-Blanc

“…In this study, we introduce Kartezio, a modular Cartesian Genetic Programming-based computational strategy that generates fully transparent and easily interpretable image processing pipelines by iteratively assembling and parameterizing computer vision functions. …”
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Design of a Novel Long-Reach Cable-Driven Hyper-Redundant Snake-like Manipulator for Inspection and Maintenance by Carlo Canali, Alessandro Pistone, Daniele Ludovico, Paolo Guardiani, Roberto Gagliardi, Lorenzo De Mari Casareto Dal Verme, Giuseppe Sofia, Darwin G. Caldwell

“…The robot has a total of 15 degrees of freedom and, therefore, for the task of positioning the tool centre point in a bi-dimensional Cartesian space with a specific attitude, it has 10 degrees of redundancy. …”
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The Influence of the Temperature and of the Freezing Time on Broiler Chicken Meat Color by Marius M. Ciobanu, Roxana Lazăr, Cecilia Pop, Paul C. Boișteanu

“…The objective description of the chicken meat color frozen and defrozen was performed trough the CIE Lab Cartesian coordinate system. The luminosity of the studied cut anatomical regions ranged between an interval lower delimited by 47,27±1,184 units for lower thigh from L3 chicken group and upper by 53,35±1,142 units calculated for upper thigh collected from the carcasses of the same experimental group. …”
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Assisting Operators in Heavy Industrial Tasks: On the Design of an Optimized Cooperative Impedance Fuzzy-Controller With Embedded Safety Rules by Loris Roveda, Loris Roveda, Shaghayegh Haghshenas, Marco Caimmi, Nicola Pedrocchi, Lorenzo Molinari Tosatti

“…The proposed methodology is composed by four main components: (i) an inner Cartesian impedance controller (to achieve the compliant robot behavior), (ii) an outer fuzzy controller (to provide the assistance to the human operator), (iii) embedded safety rules (to limit force/velocity during the human-robot interaction enhancing safety), and (iv) a neural network approach (to optimize the control parameters for the human-robot collaboration on the basis of the target indexes of assistance performance defined for this purpose). …”
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How Nonlinearity Changes Different Parameters in the Solar Corona by S. Sabri, S. Poedts, H. Ebadi

“…The dynamic evolution is investigated by solving the resistive MHD equations in a Cartesian domain by the PLUTO code. The considered magnetic null point is surrounded by an initially constant density and temperature plasma. …”
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Numerical Simulation of Mechanical Coupling for Low-Back Booster with a 6-Year-Old Child during a Crash Test by Iván Lenín Cruz-Jaramillo, Luis Martínez-Sáez, Christopher René Torres-SanMiguel

“…The mechanism was designed according to the R129 standard, and it consists of a set of springs and dampers that allows displacements in the three Cartesian axes (<i>x</i>, <i>y</i>, <i>z</i>) to dissipate a portion of the energy produced by a traffic accident. …”
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Investigation of the vibration-induced local flow around a micro-pillar under various vibration conditions by Kanji KANEKO, Zhitai HUANG, Taku SATO, Naoto UJIKAWA, Takeshi HAYAKAWA, Yosuke HASEGAWA, Hiroaki SUZUKI

“…The immersed boundary technique allows us to embed arbitrary complex micro-structures in the Cartesian computational domain without requiring boundary-fitted meshes for each geometry. …”
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Range-Doppler Based Moving Target Image Trace Analysis Method in Circular SAR by Wenjie Shen, Yanping Wang, Yun Lin, Yang Li, Wen Jiang, Wen Hong

“…It combines the range-Doppler equations(i.e., iso-range and iso-Doppler relation) and Cartesian transformation between the ground and radar coordinate system to obtain the parametric functions of the image trace. …”
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Mathematical Assessment of Convection and Diffusion Analysis for A Non-Circular Duct Flow with Viscous Dissipation: Application of Physiology by Sohail Nadeem, Hiba Waqar, Salman Akhtar, Ahmed M. Zidan, Shahah Almutairi, Hassan Ali S. Ghazwani, Mohammed Kbiri Alaoui, Mohamed Tarek El-Waked

“…Viscous dissipation appears to be the primary cause of increased heat generation. The Cartesian coordinate system is availed to develop this problem under consideration. …”
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