Towards a TDP-43-based biomarker for ALS and FTLD by Feneberg, E, Gray, E, Ansorge, O, Talbot, K, Turner, M

“…Measuring TDP-43 in easily accessible biofluids, such as blood or cerebrospinal fluid might reduce diagnostic delay, and offer a readout for use in future drug trials. …”

Proteomics of rat biological fluids--the tenth anniversary update. by Gianazza, E, Wait, R, Eberini, I, Sensi, C, Sironi, L, Miller, I

“…Reference maps have been defined for the proteomes of serum, urine, cerebrospinal fluid and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid. For both serum and urine most of the proteomic investigations have dealt with toxicological testing, for BALF with allergic or irritative reactions, whereas with CSF the main aim was the characterization of rat models of neurological disorders. …”

Case report: cryptococcal meningitis in an apparently immunocompetent patient in Nepal - challenges in diagnosis and treatment by Jha, A, Adhikari, S, Sigdel, K, Paudyal, B, Basnyat, B, Kayastha, G, Pradhan, S, Risal, U, Poudel, J

“…A 50 year old woman from Nepal had clinical features suggestive of meningitis. Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) analysis was normal except for the presence of cryptococcal antigen. …”

Oligoclonal immunoglobulins in subacute sclerosing panencephalitis and multiple sclerosis: a study of idiotypic determinants. by Ebers, G, Zabriskie, J, Kunkel, H

“…Evidence is presented indicating that serum and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) anti-measles antibodies, as judged by their idiotypes, differ in their relative concentrations in the two compartments. …”

Available carbon source influences the resistance of Neisseria meningitidis against complement. by Exley, R, Shaw, J, Mowe, E, Sun, Y, West, N, Williamson, M, Botto, M, Smith, H, Tang, C

“…The lctP mutant had a reduced growth rate in cerebrospinal fluid compared with the wild type, and was attenuated during bloodstream infection through loss of resistance against complement-mediated killing. …”

A novel neurological mechanism to explain the adverse effect of depression on coronary artery disease. by Irani, SR

“…Finally, the reduced heart rate variability, higher heart rates and elevated cerebrospinal fluid catecholamine levels in depressed patients, compared to non-depressed matched controls, suggest sympathetic overdrive in these patients. …”

The autoantibody-mediated encephalitides: from clinical observations to molecular pathogenesis by Ramanathan, S, Al-Diwani, A, Waters, P, Irani, S

“…The autoimmune encephalitis (AE) syndromes have been characterised by the detection of autoantibodies in serum and/or cerebrospinal fluid which target the extracellular domains of specific neuroglial antigens. …”

The distribution of interleukin-2 receptor bearing lymphocytes in multiple sclerosis: evidence for a key role of activated lymphocytes. by Bellamy, A, Calder, V, Feldmann, M, Davison, A

“…In the present study the monoclonal antibody anti-Tac, shown to react with interleukin-2 (IL-2) receptors expressed on activated T cells, was used to determine levels of recently activated T cells in blood, cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and brain sections from MS patients at different stages of disease. …”

Meningeal lymphatic function promotes oligodendrocyte survival and brain myelination by das Neves, SP, Delivanoglou, N, Ren, Y, Cucuzza, CS, Makuch, M, Almeida, F, Sanchez, G, Barber, MJ, Rego, S, Schrader, R, Faroqi, AH, Thomas, J-L, McLean, PJ, Oliveira, TG, Irani, SR, Piehl, F, Da Mesquita, S

“…Patients diagnosed with multiple sclerosis presented reduced vascular endothelial growth factor C in the cerebrospinal fluid, particularly shortly after clinical relapses, possibly indicative of poor meningeal lymphatic function. …”

Limited geographic distribution of the novel cyclovirus CyCV-VN by Tan, L, Jong, d, Kinh, N, Trung, N, Taylor, W, Wertheim, H, van der Ende, A, van der Hoek, L, Canuti, M, Crusat, M, Sona, S, Uyen, N, Giri, A, BKrong, N, Nghia, H, Farrar, J, Bryant, J, Hien, T, Chau, N, van Doorn, H

“…A novel cyclovirus, CyCV-VN, was recently identified in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) from patients with central nervous system (CNS) infections in central and southern Vietnam. …”

A severe form of M-protein negative distal acquired demyelinating symmetric neuropathy by Ong, Tien Lee, Goh, Khean Jin, Shahrizaila, Nortina, Wong, Kum Thong, Tan, Cheng Yin

“…Despite the unusual presentation, ancillary tests including cerebrospinal fluid analysis, nerve biopsy and nerve ultrasound were supportive of an inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy. …”

Magnetic resonance measurement of total intracranial volume among malay population: accuracy of alternative measurement methods by Musa, Busro

“…Total intracranial volume (TIV) is defined as the volume within the cranium, including the brain, meninges and cerebrospinal fluid. It provides a stable and accurate normalization factor for estimating volumetric changes of brain structures in studies of ageing process, various neurological and neuropsychiatric diseases as it is constant and did not changed with increasing age and less vulnerable to pathological changes. …”
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Development Of Conventional Real-Time And Thermostabilised Multiplex PCR For The Detection Of Toxoplasma Gondii by Rahumatullah, Anizah

“…Molecular biology is increasingly being used as a diagnostic method for diagnosis of toxoplasmosis, especially for specimens collected from amniotic fluid, cerebrospinal fluid, placenta tissue, blood and eye fluid. …”
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Tissue-specific gene silencing monitored in circulating RNA by Sehgal, Alfica, Chen, Qingmin, Gibbings, Derrick, Sah, Dinah W. Y., Bumcrot, David A.

“…Here we show that mRNAs encoding tissue-specific gene transcripts can be detected in biological fluids and that RNAi-mediated target gene silencing in the liver and brain results in quantitative reductions in serum and cerebrospinal fluid mRNA levels, respectively. Further, administration of an anti-miRNA oligonucleotide resulted in decreased levels of the miRNA in circulation. …”
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Tuberculous meningitis in adults: a review of a decade of developments focusing on prognostic factors for outcome. by Brancusi, F, Farrar, J, Heemskerk, D

“…Early treatment initiation and uninterrupted continuation, severity on presentation, seizures, stroke, cranial nerve involvement, cerebrospinal fluid cell count and lactate levels, hyponatreamia and coinfection with HIV are all found to be important prognostic factors for outcome. …”

Isoniazid resistance, mycobacterial genotype and outcome in Vietnamese adults with tuberculous meningitis. by Thwaites, G, Chau, T, Caws, M, Phu, N, Chuong, L, Sinh, D, Drobniewski, F, White, N, Parry, C, Farrar, J

“…DESIGN: Clinical and laboratory data were recorded prospectively for 56 Vietnamese adults with tuberculous meningitis confirmed by culture of cerebrospinal fluid. Variables associated with in-hospital mortality, IV infection, drug resistance and microbial genotype were assessed by univariate and multivariate analysis. …”

Visual loss in immunocompetent patients with Cryptococcus neoformans var. gattii meningitis. by Seaton, R, Verma, N, Naraqi, S, Wembri, J, Warrell, D

“…Progression of disc swelling to optic atrophy was predicted by the presence of an abducens palsy (P = 0.049) and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) cryptococcal antigen titres > 1:1024 (P = 0.036). …”

Ultrasensitive assay technology and fluid biomarkers for the evaluation of peripheral nerve disease by Bellanti, R, Keddie, S, Lunn, MP, Rinaldi, S

“…Given the difficulties in imaging and tissue diagnosis, there is mounting interest in serum and cerebrospinal fluid biomarkers of peripheral neuropathy. …”

Cerebral malaria versus bacterial meningitis in children with impaired consciousness. by Berkley, J, Mwangi, I, Mellington, F, Mwarumba, S, Marsh, K

“…Strictly defined groups were established based on the malaria slide, cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) leucocyte count and the results of blood and CSF culture and CSF bacterial antigen testing. …”

Where does transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) stimulate? Modelling of induced field maps for some common cortical and cerebellar targets. by Bijsterbosch, J, Barker, A, Lee, K, Woodruff, P

“…The results highlight the importance of subject-specific gyral folding patterns and of local thickness of subarachnoid cerebrospinal fluid (CSF). Our modelling shows that high electric fields occur primarily on the peaks of those gyri which have only a thin layer of CSF above them. …”