Serum proteins in human disease by -Thomson, P

“…In addition no significant inhibition of cytotoxicity was obtained with any of the cerebrospinal fluid of these patients. Immune complexes are unlikely to be present in the serum or cerebrospinal fluid of these patients.…”

How Organ-on-a-Chip Technology Can Assist in Studying the Role of the Glymphatic System in Neurodegenerative Diseases by Spitz, Sarah, Ko, Eunkyung, Ertl, Peter, Kamm, Roger D.

“…In 2012, the concept of the glymphatic system, a perivascular network that fluidically connects the cerebrospinal fluid to the lymphatic vessels within the meninges via the interstitium, emerged. …”
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Evaluating the biostability of polypyrrole microwires by Wendell, Ross J. (Ross Joseph)

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TNF-alpha reduces cerebral blood volume and disrupts tissue homeostasis via an endothelin- and TNFR2-dependent pathway. by Sibson, N, Blamire, A, Perry, V, Gauldie, J, Styles, P, Anthony, D

“…An acute breakdown of the blood-cerebrospinal fluid barrier (B-CSF-B) and a delayed breakdown of the blood-brain barrier (BBB) were also observed using contrast-enhanced MRI. …”

Microenvironment tumor metabolic interactions highlighted by qMSI: Application to the tryptophan-kynurenine pathway in immuno-oncology by Ait-Belkacem, R, Bol, V, Hamm, G, Schramme, F, Van Den Eynde, B, Poncelet, L, Pamelard, F, Stauber, J, Gomes, B

“…Existing and standard quantitation methods of IDO1 substrate and metabolite(s) are based on the total level of Trp and its metabolites determined by liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry analysis in human plasma, cerebrospinal fluid, and brain. Here, we describe the detection, localization, and absolute quantitation of Trp and Kyn by quantitative mass spectrometry imaging (qMSI) in transfected murine tumor models expressing various levels of IDO1. …”

A role for VAV1 in experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis and multiple sclerosis. by Jagodic, M, Colacios, C, Nohra, R, Dejean, A, Beyeen, A, Khademi, M, Casemayou, A, Lamouroux, L, Duthoit, C, Papapietro, O, Sjöholm, L, Bernard, I, Lagrange, D, Dahlman, I, Lundmark, F, Oturai, AB, Soendergaard, H, Kemppinen, A, Saarela, J, Tienari, P, Harbo, H, Spurkland, A, Ramagopalan, S, Sadovnick, D, Ebers, G

“…VAV1 expression was increased in individuals with multiple sclerosis and correlated with tumor necrosis factor and interferon-gamma expression in peripheral blood and cerebrospinal fluid cells. We conclude that VAV1 plays a central role in controlling central nervous system immune-mediated disease and proinflammatory cytokine production critical for disease pathogenesis.…”

Voxel-based morphometric comparison of hippocampal and extrahippocampal abnormalities in patients with left and right hippocampal atrophy. by Keller, S, Mackay, C, Barrick, T, Wieshmann, U, Howard, M, Roberts, N

“…GMC excess in ipsilateral parahippocampal, cerebellar, and pericallosal regions was common to both left and right HA groups relative to controls, and is hypothesized to reflect diminished gray-white matter demarcation, underlying white matter atrophy, or structural displacement due to cerebrospinal fluid expansion. However, bilateral temporal lobe GMC excess was observed in left HA patients, while ipsilateral temporal lobe GMC excess was observed in right HA patients. …”

The Long and the Short of it: Gene and Environment Interactions During Early Cortical Development and Consequences for Long-Term Neurological Disease. by Stolp, H, Neuhaus, A, Sundramoorthi, R, Molnár, Z

“…This review will emphasize the importance of extending neurodevelopmental studies to the contribution of the placenta, vasculature, cerebrospinal fluid, and to maternal and fetal immune response. …”

Plasma nitrogen oxides and blood lactate concentrations in Ghanaian children with malaria. by Agbenyega, T, Angus, B, Bedu-Addo, G, Baffoe-Bonnie, B, Griffin, G, Vallance, P, Krishna, S

“…In patients whose cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) was examined, lactate concentrations were elevated in fatal cases (geometric mean 8.2 mmol/L, n = 5) compared with survivors (3.4 mmol/L, n = 13; P = 0.032); corresponding CSF nitrogen oxide concentrations were 10.7 microM in fatal cases compared with 12.5 microM in survivors (P = 0.5). …”

Elevated levels of human endogenous retrovirus-W transcripts in blood cells from patients with first episode schizophrenia. by Yao, Y, Schröder, J, Nellåker, C, Bottmer, C, Bachmann, S, Yolken, R, Karlsson, H

“…We previously reported on the differential presence of transcripts related to the human endogenous retrovirus (HERV)-W family in cerebrospinal fluid and plasma from patients with first-episode schizophrenia compared with control individuals. …”

Sex dependence of brain size and shape in bipolar disorder: an exploratory study. by Mackay, C, Roddick, E, Barrick, T, Lloyd, A, Roberts, N, Crow, T, Young, A, Ferrier, I

“…RESULTS: Patients had significantly greater cerebrospinal fluid volume than controls, but no difference in total brain volume. …”

Oral versus intravenous flucytosine in patients with human immunodeficiency virus-associated cryptococcal meningitis. by Brouwer, A, van Kan, H, Johnson, E, Rajanuwong, A, Teparrukkul, P, Wuthiekanun, V, Chierakul, W, Day, N, Harrison, T

“…Early fungicidal activity was determined from serial quantitative cultures of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), and toxicity was assessed by clinical and laboratory monitoring. …”

Combination antifungal therapies for HIV-associated cryptococcal meningitis: a randomised trial. by Brouwer, A, Rajanuwong, A, Chierakul, W, Griffin, G, Larsen, R, White, N, Harrison, T

“… BACKGROUND: It frequently takes more than 2 weeks for drug treatments for cryptococcal meningitis to sterilise cerebrospinal fluid (CSF). In-vitro and animal studies lend support to the use of combinations of amphotericin B, flucytosine, and fluconazole for treatment of cryptococcosis. …”

The aetiologies of central nervous system infections in hospitalised Cambodian children by Turner, P, Suy, K, Tan, L, Sar, P, Miliya, T, Hong, N, Hang, V, Ny, N, Soeng, S, Day, N, van Doorn, H, Turner, C

“…<strong>Methods</strong> We did a one year prospective study of children hospitalised with suspected CNS infection at Angkor Hospital for Children, Siem Reap. Cerebrospinal fluid specimens (CSF) samples underwent culture, multiplex PCR and serological analysis to identify a range of bacterial and viral pathogens. …”

Anti-glutamic acid decarboxylase limbic encephalitis without epilepsy evolving into dementia with cerebellar ataxia. by Mirabelli-Badenier, M, Morana, G, Pinto, F, Uccelli, A, Veneselli, E, Battaglia, F, Biancheri, R, Baglietto, MG, Vincent, A, Mancardi, M

“…INTERVENTIONS: Blood and cerebrospinal fluid analysis including autoantibodies, electroencephalography, brain and spinal magnetic resonance imaging, and cognitive and neuropsychological assessment were performed. …”

MR cisternography after intrathecal Gd-DTPA application. by Reiche, W, Komenda, Y, Schick, B, Grunwald, I, Steudel, W, Reith, W

“…The purpose of this study was to establish and to evaluate MR cisternography after intrathecal Gd-DTPA administration to detect rhinobasal cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) fistulae in patients with suspected CSF rhinorrhoea. …”

Biomarkers for Alzheimer's disease therapeutic trials. by Hampel, H, Wilcock, G, Andrieu, S, Aisen, P, Blennow, K, Broich, K, Carrillo, M, Fox, N, Frisoni, G, Isaac, M, Lovestone, S, Nordberg, A, Prvulovic, D, Sampaio, C, Scheltens, P, Weiner, M, Winblad, B, Coley, N, Vellas, B

“…The use of blood, cerebrospinal fluid or neuroimaging biomarkers is critical for the demonstration of disease-modifying therapy effects on the brain. …”

Relationship between Mycobacterium tuberculosis Genotype and the Clinical Phenotype of Pulmonary and Meningeal Tuberculosis by Thwaites, G, Caws, M, Chau, T, D'Sa, A, Lan, N, Huyen, M, Gagneux, S, Anh, P, Tho, D, Torok, E, Nhu, N, Duyen, N, Duy, P, Richenberg, J, Simmons, C, Hien, T, Farrar, J

“…Multivariate analysis revealed that meningitis caused by the East Asian/Beijing genotype was independently associated with a shorter duration of illness before presentation and fewer cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) leukocytes. Older age, fewer CSF leukocytes, and the presence of hemiplegia (but not strain lineage) were independently associated with death or severe disability, although the East Asian/Beijing genotype was strongly associated with drug-resistant tuberculosis. …”

Defective cholesterol metabolism in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. by Abdel-Khalik, J, Yutuc, E, Crick, P, Gustafsson, J, Warner, M, Roman, G, Talbot, K, Gray, E, Griffiths, W, Turner, M, Wang, Y

“…More than 40 different sterols were quantified in serum and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) from ALS patients and healthy controls. …”

Rapid diagnosis of Japanese encephalitis by using an immunoglobulin M dot enzyme immunoassay. by Solomon, T, Thao, LT, Dung, N, Kneen, R, Hung, N, Nisalak, A, Vaughn, D, Farrar, J, Hien, T, White, N, Cardosa, M

“…In a prospective field study in southern Vietnam, 155 cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and 341 serum samples were collected from 111 children and 83 adults with suspected encephalitis. …”