Effects of cell cycle variability on lineage and population measurements of messenger RNA abundance by Perez-Carrasco, R, Beentjes, C, Grima, R

“…Here, we derive a theory describing how messenger RNA (mRNA) fluctuations for constitutive and bursty gene expression are influenced by stochasticity in the duration of the cell cycle and the timing of DNA replication. Analytical expressions for the moments show that omitting cell cycle duration introduces an error in the predicted mean number of mRNAs that is a monotonically decreasing function of η, which is proportional to the ratio of the mean cell cycle duration and the mRNA lifetime. …”

Understanding the structure and role of DNA-PK in NHEJ: How X-ray diffraction and cryo-EM contribute in complementary ways by Wu, Q, Liang, S, Ochi, T, Chirgadze, DY, Huiskonen, JT, Blundell, TL

“…DNA double-strand breaks (DSBs), generated by ionizing radiation, reactive oxygen species and DNA replication across nicks, are the most severe DNA damage in eukaryotic cells. …”

Helicase binding to DnaI exposes a cryptic DNA-binding site during helicase loading in Bacillus subtilis. by Ioannou, C, Schaeffer, P, Dixon, N, Soultanas, P

“…The Bacillus subtilis DnaI, DnaB and DnaD proteins load the replicative ring helicase DnaC onto DNA during priming of DNA replication. Here we show that DnaI consists of a C-terminal domain (Cd) with ATPase and DNA-binding activities and an N-terminal domain (Nd) that interacts with the replicative ring helicase. …”

Regulatory phosphorylation of the p34cdc2 protein kinase in vertebrates. by Norbury, C, Blow, J, Nurse, P

“…Inhibition of DNA synthesis inhibits activation of wild-type p34cdc2 in the Xenopus system, but a mutant which cannot be phosphorylated at residues 14 and 15 escapes this inhibition, suggesting that these phosphorylation events form part of the pathway linking completion of DNA replication to initiation of mitosis.…”

MCM2-7 proteins are essential components of prereplicative complexes that accumulate cooperatively in the nucleus during G1-phase and are required to establish, but not maintain, t... by Labib, K, Kearsey, S, Diffley, J

“…A prereplicative complex (pre-RC) of proteins is assembled at budding yeast origins of DNA replication during the G1-phase of the cell cycle, as shown by genomic footprinting. …”

BLM and BRCA1-BARD1 coordinate complementary mechanisms of joint DNA molecule resolution by Tsukada, K, Jones, SE, Bannister, J, Durin, M-A, Vendrell, I, Fawkes, M, Fischer, R, Kessler, BM, Chapman, JR, Blackford, AN

“…The Bloom syndrome helicase BLM interacts with topoisomerase IIIα (TOP3A), RMI1, and RMI2 to form the BTR complex, which dissolves double Holliday junctions and DNA replication intermediates to promote sister chromatid disjunction before cell division. …”

Automated structural comparisons clarify the phylogeny of the right-hand-shaped polymerases. by Mönttinen, H, Ravantti, J, Stuart, D, Poranen, M

“…Those that share a right-hand-shaped fold and catalytic site structurally similar to the DNA polymerase I of Escherichia coli may catalyze RNA- or DNA-dependent RNA polymerization, reverse transcription, or DNA replication in eukarya, archaea, bacteria, and their viruses. …”

Kingdoms Protozoa and Chromista and the eozoan root of the eukaryotic tree. by Cavalier-Smith, T

“…The bacteria-like absence of mitochondrial outer-membrane channel Tom40 and DNA replication origin-recognition complexes from trypanosomatid Euglenozoa roots the eukaryotic tree between Euglenozoa and all other eukaryotes (neokaryotes), or within Euglenozoa. …”

Recapitulation of Werner syndrome sensitivity to camptothecin by limited knockdown of the WRN helicase/exonuclease. by Bird, J, Jennert-Burston, K, Bachler, M, Mason, P, Lowe, J, Heo, S, Campisi, J, Faragher, R, Cox, L

“…WRN is a RecQ helicase with an associated exonuclease activity important in DNA metabolism, including DNA replication, repair and recombination. In humans, deficiencies in WRN function cause the segmental progeroid Werner syndrome (WS), in which patients show premature onset of many hallmarks of normal human ageing. …”

Phosphorylation-dependent migration of retinoblastoma protein into the nucleolus triggered by binding to nucleophosmin/B23. by Takemura, M, Ohoka, F, Perpelescu, M, Ogawa, M, Matsushita, H, Takaba, T, Akiyama, T, Umekawa, H, Furuichi, Y, Cook, P, Yoshida, S

“…Rb protein translocated into nucleoli after DNA replication completed, and the nucleolar Rb was shown to be in the hyperphosphorylated form by immunoblotting. …”

The Drosophila orthologue of progeroid human WRN exonuclease, DmWRNexo, cleaves replication substrates but is inhibited by uracil or abasic sites: Analysis of DmWRNexo activity in... by Mason, P, Boubriak, I, Robbins, T, Lasala, R, Saunders, R, Cox, L

“…WS is caused by mutation of WRN, which encodes a multifunctional DNA replication and repair helicase/exonuclease. To investigate the role of WRN protein's unique exonuclease domain, we have recently identified DmWRNexo, the fly orthologue of the exonuclease domain of human WRN. …”

Ribonucleotide reductase activity is coupled to DNA synthesis via proliferating cell nuclear antigen. by Salguero, I, Guarino, E, Shepherd, M, Deegan, T, Havens, C, MacNeill, SA, Walter, J, Kearsey, S

“…Synthesis of deoxynucleoside triphosphates (dNTPs) is required for both DNA replication and DNA repair and is catalyzed by ribonucleotide reductases (RNR), which convert ribonucleotides to their deoxy forms [1, 2]. …”

Structural insight into BLM recognition by TopBP1 by Sun, L, Huang, Y, Edwards, R, Yang, S, Blackford, A, Niedzwiedz, W, Glover, J

“…Topoisomerase IIβ binding protein 1 (TopBP1) is a critical protein-protein interaction hub in DNA replication checkpoint control. It was proposed that TopBP1 BRCT5 interacts with Bloom syndrome helicase (BLM) to regulate genome stability through either phospho-Ser304 or phospho-Ser338 of BLM. …”

Phosphorylation regulates human polη stability and damage bypass throughout the cell cycle by Bertoletti, F, Cea, V, Liang, C, Lanati, T, Maffia, A, Avarello, M, Cipolla, L, Lehmann, A, Cohn, M, Sabbioneda, S

“…DNA translesion synthesis (TLS) is a crucial damage tolerance pathway that oversees the completion of DNA replication in the presence of DNA damage. TLS polymerases are capable of bypassing a distorted template but they are generally considered inaccurate and they need to be tightly regulated. …”

Non-transferrin-bound iron (NTBI) uptake by T lymphocytes: evidence for the selective acquisition of oligomeric ferric citrate species. by Arezes, J, Costa, M, Vieira, I, Dias, V, Kong, XL, Fernandes, R, Vos, M, Carlsson, A, Rikers, Y, Porto, G, Rangel, M, Hider, RC, Pinto, JP

“…Abstract Iron is an essential nutrient in several biological processes such as oxygen transport, DNA replication and erythropoiesis. Plasma iron normally circulates bound to transferrin. …”

BRCA2 abrogation triggers innate immune responses potentiated by treatment with PARP inhibitors by Reisländer, T, Lombardi, E, Groelly, F, Miar, A, Porru, M, Di Vito, S, Wright, B, Lockstone, H, Biroccio, A, Harris, A, Londoño-Vallejo, A, Tarsounas, M

“…The early, acute response consists of downregulation of genes involved in cell cycle progression, DNA replication and repair and is associated with cell cycle arrest in G1. …”

Germline mutations affecting the proofreading domains of POLE and POLD1 predispose to colorectal adenomas and carcinomas. by Palles, C, Cazier, J, Howarth, K, Domingo, E, Jones, A, Broderick, P, Kemp, Z, Spain, S, Guarino, E, Guarino Almeida, E, Salguero, I, Sherborne, A, Chubb, D, Carvajal-Carmona, L, Ma, Y, Kaur, K, Dobbins, S, Barclay, E, Gorman, M, Martin, L, Kovac, M, Humphray, S, Lucassen, A, Holmes, C, Bentley, D

“…The mutations map to equivalent sites in the proofreading (exonuclease) domain of DNA polymerases ɛ and δ and are predicted to cause a defect in the correction of mispaired bases inserted during DNA replication. In agreement with this prediction, the tumors from mutation carriers were microsatellite stable but tended to acquire base substitution mutations, as confirmed by yeast functional assays. …”

Inhibition of mammalian DNA polymerases by resveratrol: mechanism and structural determinants. by Locatelli, G, Savio, M, Forti, L, Shevelev, I, Ramadan, K, Stivala, L, Vannini, V, Hübscher, U, Spadari, S, Maga, G

“…Moreover, the resveratrol derivative trans-3,5-dimethoxy-4-hydroxystilbene, which is endowed with a strong antiproliferative activity (Stivala et al., 2001), can inhibit pols alpha and lambda and also suppress the in vitro SV40 DNA replication. The potency of inhibition is similar to that of aphidicolin, an inhibitor of the three replicative pols alpha, delta and epsilon. …”

The novel murine calmodulin-binding protein Sha1 disrupts mitotic spindle and replication checkpoint functions in fission yeast. by Craig, R, Norbury, C

“…Mutants of the fission yeast Schizosaccharomyces pombe defective in the S-M checkpoint fail to arrest the cell cycle when DNA replication is inhibited and hence attempt mitosis and cell division with unreplicated chromosomes, resulting in the 'cut' phenotype. …”

Characterisation of a sexual stage-specific gene encoding ORC1 homologue in the human malaria parasite Plasmodium falciparum. by Li, J, Cox, L

“…The origin recognition complex (ORC) is a multisubunit protein composed of six polypeptides that binds to replication origins and is essential for the initiation of chromosomal DNA replication. Using the Vectorette technique, we have isolated a novel gene encoding an ORC1-like protein from the human malaria parasite Plasmodium falciparum. …”