Patient with CADASIL – a diagnostic challenge by Julia Węgrzynek, Agnieszka Tomaszewska, Angelika Wawrzkiewicz-Witkowska

“…CONCLUSIONS: It is relevant to pay attention to radiological findings and family history in the diagnostic process of a patient presenting symptoms which may suggest CADASIL to differentiate this genetic condition from demyelinating diseases.…”
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Increased expression of cystine/glutamate antiporter in multiple sclerosis by Villoslada Pablo, Soria Federico N, Domercq María, Pampliega Olatz, Rodríguez-Antigüedad Alfredo, Matute Carlos

“…</p> <p>Conclusions</p> <p>Together, these results reveal that increased expression of the cystine/glutamate antiporter system x_c^-in MS provides a link between inflammation and excitotoxicity in demyelinating diseases.</p>…”
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Reaction-diffusion models in weighted and directed connectomes. by Oliver Schmitt, Christian Nitzsche, Peter Eipert, Vishnu Prathapan, Marc-Thorsten Hütt, Claus C Hilgetag

“…The implemented reaction-diffusion systems were applied to a subconnectome which shapes the mechanosensitive pathway that is strongly affected in the multiple sclerosis demyelination disease. It was found that demyelination modeling by connectivity weight modulation changes the oscillations of the target region, i.e. the primary somatosensory cortex, of the mechanosensitive pathway. …”
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Dor na esclerose múltipla: caracterização de uma população Portuguesa de 85 doentes. by Daniela Seixas, Vasco Galhardo, Maria José Sá, Joana Guimarães, Deolinda Lima

“…A sample of 85 MS patients of the Outpatient Clinic of Demyelinating Diseases of the Neurology Department of São João Hospital, Oporto, Portugal, was studied. …”
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Tuning PAK Activity to Rescue Abnormal Myelin Permeability in HNPP. by Bo Hu, Sezgi Arpag, Xuebao Zhang, Wiebke Möbius, Hauke Werner, Gina Sosinsky, Mark Ellisman, Yang Zhang, Audra Hamilton, Jonathan Chernoff, Jun Li

“…We call it "functional demyelination", a novel mechanism upstream to the actual stripping of myelin that is relevant to many demyelinating diseases. This observation also provides a potential therapeutic approach for HNPP.…”
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Decoding unusual MR findings: Spinal cord edema in atypical cervical spondylotic myelopathy—A case report and literature review by Qingrun Zhu, Dachuan Wang

“…Neurological and radiological diagnoses tend to favor demyelinating diseases, which interfere with the diagnosis of CSM. …”
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Hormonal Regulation of Oligodendrogenesis II: Implications for Myelin Repair by Jocelyn M. Breton, Kimberly L. P. Long, Matthew K. Barraza, Olga S. Perloff, Daniela Kaufer

“…Alterations in myelin, the protective and insulating sheath surrounding axons, affect brain function, as is evident in demyelinating diseases where the loss of myelin leads to cognitive and motor dysfunction. …”
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Protocol of a prospective multicenter study on comorbidity impact on multiple sclerosis and antibody-mediated diseases of the central nervous system (COMMIT) by Samadzadeh, S, Adnan, R, Berglova, P, Barzegar, M, Debrabant, B, Roikjaer, SG, Levy, M, Petzold, A, Palace, J, Flanagan, EP, Mariotto, S, Skou, ST, Froelich, A, Lotan, I, Messina, S, Geraldes, R, Asseyer, S, Stiebel-Kalish, H, Oertel, FC, Shaygannejad, V, Sahraian, MA, Kim, HJ, Bennett, JL, Böttcher, C

“…The goal is to evaluate the impact of comorbidities on MS, NMOSD, and MOGAD which may lead to development of treatment approaches to improve outcomes of inflammatory demyelinating diseases of the CNS.…”

Autoantibody biomarkers in childhood-acquired demyelinating syndromes: results from a national surveillance cohort. by Hacohen, Y, Absoud, M, Woodhall, M, Cummins, C, De Goede, C, Hemingway, C, Jardine, P, Kneen, R, Pike, MG, Whitehouse, W, Wassmer, E, Waters, P, Vincent, A, Lim, M

“…Although these antibodies are clinically relevant when associated with the specific neurological syndromes that have been described, further studies are required to evaluate their roles and clinical relevance in demyelinating diseases.…”

Autoantibody biomarkers in childhood-acquired demyelinating syndromes: results from a national surveillance cohort by Hacohen, Y, Absoud, M, Woodhall, M, Cummins, C, De Goede, C, Hemingway, C, Jardine, P, Kneen, R, Pike, MG, Whitehouse, W, Wassmer, E, Waters, P, Vincent, A, Lim, M, Cns, U

“…Although these antibodies are clinically relevant when associated with the specific neurological syndromes that have been described, further studies are required to evaluate their roles and clinical relevance in demyelinating diseases.…”

Association between incidence of white matter hyperintensities in magnetic resonance imaging of the brain and smoking by Mijol, Mitchell Modi

“…Patients with gross brain lesions, structural abnormalities, and history suggestive ongoing intracranial infection, inflammatory or demyelinating diseases were excluded. Demographic data regarding pack-years, age of initiation/cessation, duration of smoking, type of cigarettes (nonfiltered, filtered, e-cigarette) was collected and analysed using Pearson’s correlation method, Fisher exact test, and Independent T-test as necessary. …”
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High Yield of Adult Oligodendrocyte Lineage Cells Obtained from Meningeal Biopsy by Sissi Dolci, Annachiara Pino, Valeria Berton, Pau Gonzalez, Alice Braga, Marta Fumagalli, Elisabetta Bonfanti, Giorgio Malpeli, Francesca Pari, Stefania Zorzin, Clelia Amoroso, Denny Moscon, Francisco J. Rodriguez, Guido Fumagalli, Francesco Bifari, Ilaria Decimo

“…This oligodendrocyte lineage cell population derives from an accessible and adult source, being therefore a promising candidate for autologous cell therapy of demyelinating diseases. In addition, the described method to differentiate meningeal-derived neural stem cells into oligodendrocyte lineage cells may represent a valid in vitro model to dissect oligodendrocyte differentiation and to screen for drugs capable to promote oligodendrocyte regeneration.…”
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Myeloid cell-associated aromatic amino acid metabolism facilitates CNS myelin regeneration by Jingwen Hu, George S. Melchor, Dimitrios Ladakis, Joan Reger, Hee Won Kim, Kelly A. Chamberlain, Nataliia V. Shults, Helena C. Oft, Victoria N. Smith, Lauren M. Rosko, Erqiu Li, Maryna Baydyuk, Meng-Meng Fu, Pavan Bhargava, Jeffrey K. Huang

“…Abstract Regulation of myeloid cell activity is critical for successful myelin regeneration (remyelination) in demyelinating diseases, such as multiple sclerosis (MS). Here, we show aromatic alpha-keto acids (AKAs) generated from the amino acid oxidase, interleukin-4 induced 1 (IL4I1), promote efficient remyelination in mouse models of MS. …”
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Icaritin Promotes Myelination by Simultaneously Enhancing the Proliferation and Differentiation of Oligodendrocyte Precursor Cells by Feifei Yang, Han Wen, Siqi Ma, Qi Chang, Ruile Pan, Xinmin Liu, Yonghong Liao

“…However, simultaneously promoting the differentiation and proliferation of oligodendrocyte precursor cells in lesions remains an unmet challenge and might affect demyelinating diseases. Kidney-tonifying herbs of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) are effective in improving the symptoms of degenerative patients. …”
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NRF2 and PPAR-γ Pathways in Oligodendrocyte Progenitors: Focus on ROS Protection, Mitochondrial Biogenesis and Promotion of Cell Differentiation by Chiara De Nuccio, Antonietta Bernardo, Carmen Troiano, Maria Stefania Brignone, Mario Falchi, Anita Greco, Michela Rosini, Filippo Basagni, Cristina Lanni, Melania Maria Serafini, Luisa Minghetti, Sergio Visentin

“…An adequate protection from oxidative and inflammatory reactions, together with the promotion of oligodendrocyte progenitor (OP) differentiation, is needed to recover from myelin damage in demyelinating diseases. Mitochondria are targets of inflammatory and oxidative insults and are essential in oligodendrocyte differentiation. …”
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The Effect of Levothyroxine on Lysolecithin-Induced Local Demyelination in Optic Chiasm of Male Rats by Bahman Rashidi, Cobra Payghani, Fatemeh Khani, Aryan Rafieezadeh, Hojjatallah Alaei, Parham Reisi

“…Studies have suggested a link between central nervous system demyelinating diseases and thyroid disorders, and probably the treatments that increase the level of thyroid hormones are beneficial in multiple sclerosis. …”
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Phenotyping variants of tumefactive demyelinating lesions according to clinical and radiological features—A case series by Thérèse Boyle, Thérèse Boyle, Thérèse Boyle, Suran L. Fernando, Suran L. Fernando, Suran L. Fernando, James Drummond, James Drummond, Ariadna Fontes, Ariadna Fontes, John Parratt, John Parratt

“…They are identified in a range of demyelinating diseases including massive demyelination due to Marburg's acute MS, Schilder's Disease, Balo's concentric sclerosis, and Tumefactive MS. …”
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Microglia/macrophage polarization regulates spontaneous remyelination in intermittent cuprizone model of demyelination by Davood Zarini, Parichehr Pasbakhsh, Sina Mojaverrostami, Shiva Amirizadeh, Maedeh Hashemi, Maryam Shabani, Mehrazin Noshadian, Iraj Ragerdi Kashani

“…Central nervous system (CNS) lesions can repeatedly be de-and remyelinated during demyelinating diseases such as multiple sclerosis (MS). Here, we designed an intermittent demyelination model by 0.3 % Cuprizone feeding in C57/BL6 mice followed by two weeks recovery. …”
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Plasma exchange in inflammatory demyelinating disorders of the central nervous system: reasonable use in the clinical practice by André Luiz Guimarães de Queiroz, Herval Ribeiro Soares Neto, Thiago Taya Kobayashi, Sonia Maria Cesar de Azevedo Silva

“…Plasma exchange is well established for various neurological disorders, and it is applied successfully in central nervous system inflammatory demyelinating diseases (CNS-IDD). It mainly modulates the humoral immune system; thus, it has a greater theoretical effect in diseases with prominent humoral mechanisms, such as neuromyelitis optica (NMO). …”
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Topographical effects on fiber-mediated microRNA delivery to control oligodendroglial precursor cells development by Diao, Hua Jia, Low, Wei Ching, Lu, Q. Richard, Chew, Sing Yian

“…Effective remyelination in the central nervous system (CNS) facilitates the reversal of disability in patients with demyelinating diseases such as multiple sclerosis. Unfortunately until now, effective strategies of controlling oligodendrocyte (OL) differentiation and maturation remain limited. …”
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