Pregestational neurological disorders among women of childbearing age-Nationwide data from a 13-year period in Hungary. by Dániel Bereczki, Mónika Bálint, András Ajtay, Ferenc Oberfrank, Ildikó Vastagh

“…The most prevalent diagnoses following headaches were dizziness and giddiness (15 589 patients [2.1%]; nerve, nerve root and plexus disorders (10 375 patients [1.4%]); epileptic disorders (7028 patients [0.9%]); neurological diseases of vascular origin (6091 patients [0.8%]); other disorders of the nervous system (5358 patients [0.7%]); and demyelinating diseases of the central nervous system (2129 patients [0.3%]). …”
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Complement-dependent cytotoxicity of human autoantibodies against myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein by Kuniko Kohyama, Hiroya Nishida, Kimihiko Kaneko, Tatsuro Misu, Ichiro Nakashima, Hiroshi Sakuma

“…BackgroundThe autoantibody to myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein (MOG), a component of the central nervous system myelin, has been identified in a subset of demyelinating diseases. However, there is no convincing evidence to support the direct pathogenic contribution of this autoantibody.ObjectiveTo elucidate the role of anti-MOG autoantibodies in human demyelinating disorders, we assessed the effect of autoantibodies on MOG-expressing cells.MethodsMammalian cells expressing the human MOG protein reacted with human anti-MOG autoantibodies in the presence or absence of complement. …”
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Comparing the Frequency of Sensorineural Hearing loss and Neurological Disorders, Speech Perception in Patients with Multiple Sclerosis and Healthy People by Nezamoddin Berjis, Masoud Etemadifar, Ahmad Chitsaz, Masoud Maleki, Azadeh Kadkhodaei

“…• Background: Multipe sclerosis (MS) is a demyelinative disease of central nervous system which because of high prevalence and high morbidity is in the focus of scientists’ attention. …”
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Response to Fingolimod in Multiple Sclerosis Patients Is Associated with a Differential Transcriptomic Regulation by Alicia Sánchez-Sanz, Rafael Muñoz-Viana, Julia Sabín-Muñoz, Irene Moreno-Torres, Beatriz Brea-Álvarez, Ofir Rodríguez-De la Fuente, Antonio García-Merino, Antonio J. Sánchez-López

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Predictors of outcome in a large retrospective cohort of patients with transverse myelitis by Gastaldi, M, Marchioni, E, Banfi, P, Mariani, V, Di Lodovico, L, Bergamaschi, R, Alfonsi, E, Borrelli, P, Ferraro, O, Zardini, E, Pichiecchio, A, Cortese, A, Waters, P, Woodhall, M, Ceroni, M, Mauri, M, Franciotta, D

“… <h4>Background</h4> <p>Transverse myelitis (TM) is an inflammatory disorder of the spinal cord that can be idiopathic, or associated with demyelinating diseases, collagen vascular diseases, or post-infectious syndromes. …”

Blockade of L-Type Ca²⁺ Channel Activity Alleviates Oligodendrocyte Pathology following Brain Injury in Male Rats by Mohamed A. Al-Griw, Rabia Alghazeer, Haithm W. Ratemi, Mohamed E. Ben-Othman, Refaat Tabagah, Ghalia Shamlan, Mahmmoud M. Habibullah, Afnan M. Alnajeebi, Nouf A. Babteen, Areej A. Eskandrani, Ammar AL-Farga, Wafa S. Alansari

“…Conclusions: Activation of L-type VOCCs may contribute to OL pathology in association with reduced mitosis of OPCs following brain injury as a strategy to treat demyelinating diseases.…”
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Guillain-Barré syndrome as an early complication of a new coronavirus infection SARS-CoV-2 (clinical case) by K.Yu. Lytvyn, V.V. Mavrutenkov, О.M. Yakunina, Z.O. Chykarenko, O.O. Bilokon, M.O. Turchyn

“…The pathogenesis of these lesions is due to both direct damage to body cells by the virus and the development of immunopathological reactions that can lead to demyelinating diseases of the nervous system. The article presents a clinical case of the development of Guillain-Barré syndrome associated with coronavirus disease in a 71-year-old man who developed after infection with a new strain of SARS CoV-2 virus. …”
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The Importance of Optical Coherence Tomography in the Diagnosis of Atypical or Subclinical Optic Neuritis: A Case Series Study by Yumin Huang-Link, Ge Yang, Greta Gustafsson, Helena Gauffin, Anne-Marie Landtblom, Pierfrancesco Mirabelli, Hans Link

“…ON is associated with development of demyelinating diseases of the central nervous system (CNS). …”
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Validating a minipig model of reversible cerebral demyelination using human diagnostic modalities and electron microscopyResearch in context by Mihai Ancău, Goutam Kumar Tanti, Vicki Marie Butenschoen, Jens Gempt, Igor Yakushev, Stephan Nekolla, Mark Mühlau, Christian Scheunemann, Sebastian Heininger, Benjamin Löwe, Erik Löwe, Silke Baer, Johannes Fischer, Judith Reiser, Sai S. Ayachit, Friederike Liesche-Starnecker, Jürgen Schlegel, Kaspar Matiasek, Martina Schifferer, Jan S. Kirschke, Thomas Misgeld, Tim Lueth, Bernhard Hemmer

“…Summary: Background: Inflammatory demyelinating diseases of the central nervous system, such as multiple sclerosis, are significant sources of morbidity in young adults despite therapeutic advances. …”
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The Coexistence of Antibodies to Neuronal Cell and Synaptic Receptor Proteins, Gangliosides and Selected Neurotropic Pathogens in Neurologic Disorders in Children by Karol Lubarski, Anna Mania, Sławomir Michalak, Krystyna Osztynowicz, Katarzyna Mazur-Melewska, Magdalena Figlerowicz

“…Retrospectively, 508 patients were divided into six subgroups: neuroinfections, pediatric autoimmune neuropsychiatric disorders associated with streptococcal infections, neurologic autoimmune and demyelinating diseases, epilepsy, pervasive developmental disorders and other patients. …”
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White blood cell count profiles in anti-aquaporin-4 antibody seropositive neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder and anti-myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein antibody-associated di... by Tetsuya Akaishi, Tatsuro Misu, Kazuo Fujihara, Kumi Nakaya, Naoki Nakaya, Tomohiro Nakamura, Mana Kogure, Rieko Hatanaka, Fumi Itabashi, Ikumi Kanno, Kimihiko Kaneko, Toshiyuki Takahashi, Juichi Fujimori, Yoshiki Takai, Shuhei Nishiyama, Tadashi Ishii, Masashi Aoki, Ichiro Nakashima, Atsushi Hozawa

“…Moreover, patients with MOGAD (n = 26) had a higher overall WBC count (p = 0.0001), neutrophil count (p < 0.0001), monocyte count (p = 0.0191), MLR (p = 0.0320), and NLR (p = 0.0002) than those of MOGAD-matched volunteers (n = 130). The three demyelinating diseases showed similar levels of the total and differential WBC counts; however, MOGAD and MS showed different structures in the hierarchical clustering and distributions on a two-dimensional canonical plot using differential WBC counts from the other three groups. …”
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The Effect of <i>Ferula communis</i> Extract in <i>Escherichia coli</i> Lipopolysaccharide-Induced Neuroinflammation in Cultured Neurons and Oligodendrocytes by Jessica Maiuolo, Irene Bava, Cristina Carresi, Micaela Gliozzi, Vincenzo Musolino, Miriam Scicchitano, Roberta Macri, Francesca Oppedisano, Federica Scarano, Maria Caterina Zito, Francesca Bosco, Stefano Ruga, Saverio Nucera, Sara Ilari, Ernesto Palma, Carolina Muscoli, Vincenzo Mollace

“…Neurodegenerative and demyelinating diseases are devastating conditions for which a definite cure has not yet been established. …”
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Double seropositive neuromyelitis optica associated with COVID-19: A case report by Dana Antonescu Ghelmez, Dana Antonescu Ghelmez, Adriana Moraru, Florian Antonescu, Florian Antonescu, Altay Sercan Chelmambet, Amanda Ioana Bucur, Sorin Tuţǎ, Sorin Tuţǎ

“…Our case reinforces the idea that SARS-CoV-2 can precipitate autoimmune demyelinating diseases since SARS-CoV-2 infection has already been demonstrated as a risk factor for NMOSD relapses. …”
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High Vulnerability of Oligodendrocytes to Oxidative Stress Induced by Ultrafine Urban Particles by Ji Young Kim, Jin-Hee Kim, Yong-Dae Kim, Je Hoon Seo

“…Recent work indicates that air pollution causes demyelinating diseases such as multiple sclerosis. However, little is known about the mechanism of toxicity of ultrafine particulate matters (PMs) to oligodendrocytes. …”
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Validation of a Russian version of the Berg Balance Scale by N. A. Suponeva, D. G. Yusupova, A. A. Zimin, A. B. Zaitsev, K. A. Yatsko, D. A. Melchenko, A. A. Rimkevichus, E. S. Zhirova, A. S. Taratukhina, A. S. Rizvanova, G. A. Gatina, M. E. Kalinkina, M. A. Piradov, K. Berg

“…To assess the psychometric properties of the scale (reliability, validity, and sensitivity), we evaluated 55 patients (30 females and 25 males) aged 22–88 years with different neurological disorders (vascular and demyelinating diseases of the central nervous system, peripheral neuropathy, and movement disorders). …”
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Magnetic resonance imaging of arterial stroke mimics: a pictorial review by Gilles Adam, Marine Ferrier, Sofia Patsoura, Raluca Gramada, Zuzana Meluchova, Vanessa Cazzola, Jean Darcourt, Christophe Cognard, Alain Viguier, Fabrice Bonneville

“…Other real stroke mimics such as mitochondrial myopathy, encephalopathy, lactic acidosis, stroke-like episodes (MELAS), Susac’s syndrome, brain tumour, demyelinating diseases and herpes simplex encephalitis are also included in our detailed and practical algorithm. …”
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Tumefactive demyelinating lesions: a retrospective cohort study in Thailand by Tatchaporn Ongphichetmetha, Saharat Aungsumart, Sasitorn Siritho, Metha Apiwattanakul, Jantima Tanboon, Natthapon Rattanathamsakul, Naraporn Prayoonwiwat, Jiraporn Jitprapaikulsan

“…Abstract Tumefactive demyelinating lesions (TDL), characterized by large (≥ 2 cm) demyelinating lesions mimicking tumors, are a rare manifestation of the central nervous system inflammatory demyelinating diseases (CNS-IDD). Distinguishing TDL from other brain lesions can be challenging, often necessitating biopsy or advanced diagnostics. …”
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Trem2 deficiency impairs recovery and phagocytosis and dysregulates myeloid gene expression during virus-induced demyelination by Mihyun Hwang, Carine Savarin, Jihye Kim, Jennifer Powers, Natasha Towne, Hyunsuk Oh, Cornelia C. Bergmann

“…Trem2 deficiency did not alter disease onset or severity, but impaired clinical recovery after onset of demyelination. Disease progression in Trem2 −/− mice could not be attributed to altered virus control or an elevated proinflammatory response. …”
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MOG cell-based assay detects non-MS patients with inflammatory neurologic disease by Waters, P, Woodhall, M, O'Connor, K, Reindl, M, Lang, B, Sato, D, Juryńczyk, M, Tackley, G, Rocha, J, Takahashi, T, Misu, T, Nakashima, I, Palace, J, Fujihara, K, Leite, M, Vincent, A

“…Use of the FL-MOG and restricting to IgG1-Abs substantially improves specificity for non-MS demyelinating diseases. Classification of evidence: This study provides Class II evidence that the presence of serum IgG1- MOG-Abs in AQP4-Ab–negative patients distinguishes non-MS CNS demyelinating disorders from MS (sensitivity 24%, 95% confidence interval [CI] 9%–45%; specificity 100%, 95% CI 88%–100%).…”

Chronic relapsing inflammatory optic neuropathy (CRION): a manifestation of myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein antibodies by Lee, H, Kim, B, Waters, P, Woodhall, M, Irani, S, Ahn, S, Kim, S, Kim, S

“…Sixty-four patients with iON, who did not meet the diagnostic criteria for multiple sclerosis, neuromyelitis optica (NMO) spectrum disorder with/without NMO-IgG, or acute disseminated encephalomyelitis and who had no symptomatic central nervous system (CNS) lesions other than on the optic nerve, were included from a cohort of 615 patients with inflammatory demyelinating diseases of the CNS. Fulfillment of the current diagnostic criteria for CRION, assay results for the serum IgG1 MOG-Ab, and characteristics of CRION patients with MOG-IgG were compared to those of non-CRION patients with MOG-IgG. …”