Co-occurrence of Campylobacter Species in Children From Eastern Ethiopia, and Their Association With Environmental Enteric Dysfunction, Diarrhea, and Host Microbiome by Yitagele Terefe, Yitagele Terefe, Yitagele Terefe, Loïc Deblais, Loïc Deblais, Mostafa Ghanem, Mostafa Ghanem, Yosra A. Helmy, Bahar Mummed, Dehao Chen, Nitya Singh, Vida Ahyong, Katrina Kalantar, Getnet Yimer, Getnet Yimer, Jemal Yousuf Hassen, Abdulmuen Mohammed, Sarah L. McKune, Mark J. Manary, Maria Isabel Ordiz, Wondwossen Gebreyes, Wondwossen Gebreyes, Arie H. Havelaar, Gireesh Rajashekara, Gireesh Rajashekara

“…High Campylobacter prevalence during early childhood has been associated with stunting and environmental enteric dysfunction (EED), especially in low resource settings. …”
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Transcranial doppler velocities in a large healthy population of African children by Nicole F. O'Brien, Hunter C. Johnson, Davin Ambitapio Musungufu, Robert Tandjeka Ekandji, Jean Pongo Mbaka, Lydia Kuseyila Babatila, Ludovic Mayindombe, Buba Giresse, Suzanna Mwanza, Clement Lupumpaula, Janet Simanguwa Chilima, Alice Nanyangwe, Peter Kabemba, Lisa Nkole Kafula, Catherine M. Chunda-Liyoka, Tusekile Phiri, Sylvester June, Montfort Bernard Gushu, George Chagaluka, Peter Moons, Taty Tshimanga

“…Results: Vs, Vd, and Vm increased through early childhood in all vessels, with the highest CBFVs identified in children 5–5.9 years. …”
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Urinary levels of organophosphate flame retardants metabolites in a young population from Southern Taiwan and potential health effects by Feng-Shun Chen, Chih-Cheng Chen, Chih-Cheng Chen, Ching-Chang Tsai, Jian-He Lu, Huey-Ling You, Ching-Mei Chen, Wan-Ting Huang, Kai-Fan Tsai, Fu-Jen Cheng, Chia-Te Kung, Shau-Hsuan Li, Chin-Chou Wang, Yu-Che Ou, Wen-Chin Lee, Yu-Ting Chang, Fahimah Hashim, How-Ran Chao, How-Ran Chao, Liang-Jen Wang

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Association of urinary bisphenols during pregnancy with maternal, cord blood and childhood thyroid function by Arash Derakhshan, Elise M. Philips, Akhgar Ghassabian, Susana Santos, Alexandros G. Asimakopoulos, Kurunthachalam Kannan, Andreas Kortenkamp, Vincent W.V. Jaddoe, Leonardo Trasande, Robin P. Peeters, Tim I.M. Korevaar

“…Objectives: To investigate the association of maternal urinary bisphenol concentrations during pregnancy with maternal, newborn and early childhood thyroid function. Methods: This study was embedded in Generation R, a prospective, population-based birth cohort (Rotterdam, the Netherlands). …”
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New Channels and Ways of Delivering Public Services in Pre-school Education Institutions by Laima Liukinevičienė, Vaida Paulauskienė

“…Nanny service, as an alternative service to early childhood education, is provided only in exceptional situations, and it would be viable in the cities and its funding should be complex; the pedagogical and value competence of a nanny is important as well. …”
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Evaluation of a community health worker home visit intervention to improve child development in South Africa: A cluster-randomized controlled trial. by Peter C Rockers, Jukka M Leppänen, Amanda Tarullo, Lezanie Coetzee, Günther Fink, Davidson H Hamer, Aisha K Yousafzai, Denise Evans

“…<h4>Background</h4>Effective integration of home visit interventions focused on early childhood development into existing service platforms is important for expanding access in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). …”
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Dietary sugars modulate bacterial-fungal interactions in saliva and inter-kingdom biofilm formation on apatitic surface by Thais de Cássia Negrini, Thais de Cássia Negrini, Thais de Cássia Negrini, Zhi Ren, Zhi Ren, Yilan Miao, Yilan Miao, Dongyeop Kim, Dongyeop Kim, Dongyeop Kim, Áurea Simon-Soro, Áurea Simon-Soro, Áurea Simon-Soro, Yuan Liu, Yuan Liu, Yuan Liu, Hyun Koo, Hyun Koo, Rodrigo Alex Arthur, Rodrigo Alex Arthur, Rodrigo Alex Arthur

“…Streptococcus mutans and Candida albicans are frequently detected in saliva and in dental biofilms associated with early childhood caries (tooth-decay), a prevalent oral disease induced by dietary sugars. …”
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Opportunities for understanding the COVID-19 pandemic and child health in the United States: the Environmental influences on Child Health Outcomes (ECHO) program by Traci A. Bekelman, Leonardo Trasande, Andrew Law, Courtney K. Blackwell, Lisa P. Jacobson, Theresa M. Bastain, Carrie V. Breton, Amy J. Elliott, Assiamira Ferrara, Margaret R. Karagas, Judy L. Aschner, Judy L. Aschner, Nicole Bornkamp, Carlos A. Camargo, Sarah S. Comstock, Anne L. Dunlop, Jody M. Ganiban, James E. Gern, Catherine J. Karr, Rachel S. Kelly, Kristen Lyall, T. Michael O’Shea, Julie B. Schweitzer, Kaja Z. LeWinn

“…We describe and summarize the characteristics of children who participated in the ECHO Program during the COVID-19 pandemic and novel opportunities for scientific advancement.ResultsThis sample (n = 13,725) was diverse by child age (31% early childhood, 41% middle childhood, and 16% adolescence up to age 21), sex (49% female), race (64% White, 15% Black, 3% Asian, 2% American Indian or Alaska Native, &lt;1% Native Hawaiian or Pacific Islander, 10% Multiple race and 2% Other race), Hispanic ethnicity (22% Hispanic), and were similarly distributed across the four United States Census regions and Puerto Rico.ConclusionECHO data collected during the pandemic can be used to conduct solution-oriented research to inform the development of programs and policies to support child health during the pandemic and in the post-pandemic era.…”
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The longitudinal relationship between motor competence and measures of fatness and fitness from childhood into adolescence by Rodrigo Antunes Lima, Anna Bugge, Annette K. Ersbøll, David F. Stodden, Lars B. Andersen

“…Interventions addressing motor competence, cardiorespiratory fitness, and body fatness in early childhood are recommended, as intervention effects are likely to be enhanced because of the mutual reciprocal associations between these three variables. …”
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Prenatal Household Air Pollution Exposure, Cord Blood Mononuclear Cell Telomere Length and Age Four Blood Pressure: Evidence from a Ghanaian Pregnancy Cohort by Seyram Kaali, Darby Jack, Jones Opoku-Mensah, Tessa Bloomquist, Joseph Aanaro, Ashlinn Quinn, Ellen Abrafi Boamah-Kaali, Patrick Kinney, Mohammed Nuhu Mujtaba, Oscar Agyei, Abena Konadu Yawson, Samuel Osei-Owusu, Rupert Delimini, Blair Wylie, Kenneth Ayuurebobi Ae-Ngibise, Andrea Baccarelli, Seth Owusu-Agyei, Steven N. Chillrud, Kwaku Poku Asante, Alison Lee

“…Associations between prenatal household air pollution exposure (HAP), newborn telomere length and early childhood blood pressure are unknown. Methods: Pregnant women were randomized to liquefied petroleum gas (LPG) stove, improved biomass stove or control (traditional, open fire cook stove). …”
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Asia‐Pacific Consensus Recommendations on X‐Linked Hypophosphatemia: Diagnosis, Multidisciplinary Management, and Transition From Pediatric to Adult Care by Craig F Munns, Han‐Wook Yoo, Muhammad Yazid Jalaludin, Rashida Vasanwala, Manju Chandran, Yumie Rhee, Wai Man BUT, Alice Pik‐Shan Kong, Pen‐Hua Su, Nawaporn Numbenjapon, Noriyuki Namba, Yasuo Imanishi, Roderick J Clifton‐Bligh, Xiaoping Luo, Weibo Xia

“…Mutations in PHEX gene (located at Xp22.1) in XLH alter bone mineral metabolism, resulting in diverse skeletal, dental, and other extraskeletal abnormalities that become evident in early childhood and persist into adolescence and adult life. …”
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Psychosocial and behavioral problems of children and adolescents in the early stage of reopening schools after the COVID-19 pandemic: a national cross-sectional study in China by Lin Wang, Yiwen Zhang, Li Chen, Jianhong Wang, Feiyong Jia, Fei Li, Tanya E. Froehlich, Yan Hou, Yan Hao, Yuan Shi, Hongzhu Deng, Jie Zhang, Linjuan Huang, Xianghui Xie, Shuanfeng Fang, Liang Xu, Qi Xu, Hongyan Guan, Weijie Wang, Jianna Shen, Ying Qian, Xi Wang, Ling Shan, Chuanxue Tan, Yabin Yu, Xiaoyan Wang, Fangfang Chen, Lili Zhang, Xiaomeng Li, Xinmiao Shi, Xiaoyan Ke, Tingyu Li

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Tract- and gray matter- based spatial statistics show white matter and gray matter microstructural differences in autistic males by Marissa DiPiero, Marissa DiPiero, Hassan Cordash, Molly B. Prigge, Carolyn K. King, Jubel Morgan, Jose Guerrero-Gonzalez, Nagesh Adluru, Nagesh Adluru, Jace B. King, Nicholas Lange, Erin D. Bigler, Erin D. Bigler, Erin D. Bigler, Erin D. Bigler, Erin D. Bigler, Brandon A. Zielinski, Brandon A. Zielinski, Brandon A. Zielinski, Brandon A. Zielinski, Brandon A. Zielinski, Andrew L. Alexander, Andrew L. Alexander, Andrew L. Alexander, Janet E. Lainhart, Janet E. Lainhart, Douglas C. Dean, Douglas C. Dean, Douglas C. Dean

“…BackgroundAutism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a neurodevelopmental condition commonly studied in the context of early childhood. As ASD is a life-long condition, understanding the characteristics of brain microstructure from adolescence into adulthood and associations to clinical features is critical for improving outcomes across the lifespan. …”
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تصنيف أسباب البيلة الدموية عند الأطفال لمراجعي مشفى الأسد الجامعي خلال مدة عام by عزيز زاهر, إسلام ياسين قصاب, سوسن محمد

“…They were distributed as: 74male and 98female, their ages were as: 48 children in early childhood, 77children in preschool age, 39children in school age and 8 children were between 13-15years. …”
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Inflamed Mind: Multiple Genetic Variants of IL6 Influence Suicide Risk Phenotypes in Interaction With Early and Recent Adversities in a Linkage Disequilibrium-Based Clumping Analys... by Janos Bokor, Sara Sutori, Dora Torok, Zsofia Gal, Nora Eszlari, Nora Eszlari, Dorka Gyorik, Daniel Baksa, Daniel Baksa, Peter Petschner, Peter Petschner, Gianluca Serafini, Gianluca Serafini, Maurizio Pompili, Ian M. Anderson, Bill Deakin, Gyorgy Bagdy, Gyorgy Bagdy, Gabriella Juhasz, Gabriella Juhasz, Xenia Gonda, Xenia Gonda

“…Our study aimed to investigate the association of IL6 variation with a linkage disequilibrium-based clumping method in interaction with childhood adversities and recent stress on manifestations along the suicide spectrum.Methods: One thousand seven hundred and sixty-two participants provided information on previous suicide attempts, current suicidal ideation, thoughts of death, and hopelessness, and were genotyped for 186 variants in IL6. Early childhood adversities were recorded with an instrument adapted from the Childhood Trauma Questionnaire, recent life events were registered using the List of Threatening Life Events. …”
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Airway microbial diversity is decreased in young children with cystic fibrosis compared to healthy controls but improved with CFTR modulation by Andrea Hahn, Aszia Burrell, Emily Ansusinha, Diane Peng, Hollis Chaney, Iman Sami, Geovanny F. Perez, Anastassios C. Koumbourlis, Robert McCarter, Robert J. Freishtat, Keith A. Crandall, Edith T. Zemanick

“…This appears to start in early childhood, is possibly related to the use of antibiotics, and may be partially corrected with the use of CFTR modulators.…”
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Intrauterine Smoke Exposure, microRNA Expression during Human Lung Development, and Childhood Asthma by Lynne Rosenberg, Cuining Liu, Rinku Sharma, Cheyret Wood, Carrie A. Vyhlidal, Roger Gaedigk, Alvin T. Kho, John P. Ziniti, Juan C. Celedón, Kelan G. Tantisira, Scott T. Weiss, Michael J. McGeachie, Katerina Kechris, Sunita Sharma

“…Intrauterine smoke (IUS) exposure during early childhood has been associated with a number of negative health consequences, including reduced lung function and asthma susceptibility. …”
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Nefropatía falciforme. Manifestaciones clínicas y nuevos mecanismos implicados en el daño renal by Salvador Payán-Pernía, Anna Ruiz Llobet, Ángel F. Remacha Sevilla, Jesús Egido, José Aurelio Ballarín Castán, Juan Antonio Moreno

“…This is universal and appears in early childhood. Microscopic and macroscopic haematuria also occur, in part related to renal papillary necrosis when the infarcts are extensive. …”
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The longitudinal relationship between motor competence and measures of fatness and fitness from childhood into adolescence by Rodrigo Antunes Lima, Anna Bugge, Annette K. Ersbøll, David F. Stodden, Lars B. Andersen

“…Interventions addressing motor competence, cardiorespiratory fitness, and body fatness in early childhood are recommended, as intervention effects are likely to be enhanced because of the mutual reciprocal associations between these three variables. …”
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Growth and weight status of Brazilian children with autism spectrum disorders: A mixed longitudinal study by Chrystiane V.A. Toscano, José P. Ferreira, Joana M. Gaspar, Humberto M. Carvalho

“…A high prevalence of overweight and obesity was observed in early childhood, although a trend of substantial decrease in body mass and body mass index was apparent when children with autism spectrum disorders entered the years of pubertal development. …”
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