Care bundles to reduce re-admissions for patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: a mixed-methods study by Katherine Morton, Emily Sanderson, Padraig Dixon, Anna King, Sue Jenkins, Stephanie J MacNeill, Alison Shaw, Chris Metcalfe, Melanie Chalder, William Hollingworth, Jonathan Benger, James Calvert, Sarah Purdy

“…Participants: Adults admitted to hospital with an acute exacerbation of COPD in England and Wales. Intervention: COPD care bundles. Main outcome measures: The primary outcome was re-admission to hospital within 28 days of discharge. …”
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Randomised preference trial of medical versus surgical termination of pregnancy less than 14 weeks’ gestation (TOPS) by SC Robson, T Kelly, D Howel, M Deverill, J Hewison, MLS Lie, E Stamp, N Armstrong, CR May

“…Recommendations for further research: An audit of provision of MTOP and STOP in England and Wales is urgently required. Further studies exploring the barriers to offering women the choice of method of TOP are needed, together with research on the acceptability and effectiveness of (1) MTOP and manual VA in pregnancies below 9 weeks’ gestation and (2) MTOP and dilatation and evacuation after 14 weeks’ gestation. …”
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The surgeon and his tools-the case for a focused orthopaedic theatre induction programme by Wong Shaun KS, Oakley J, Kumar AJ Shyam, Philips Steve J

“…</p> </caption> <tblbdy cols="7"> <r> <c ca="left"> <p>IMPLANT</p> </c> <c ca="center"> <p>E1</p> </c> <c ca="center"> <p>E2</p> </c> <c ca="center"> <p>W1</p> </c> <c ca="center"> <p>W2</p> </c> <c ca="center"> <p>S1</p> </c> <c ca="center"> <p>S2</p> </c> </r> <r> <c cspan="7"> <hr/> </c> </r> <r> <c ca="left"> <p><it>Total Knee Replacement</it></p> </c> <c ca="center"> <p>4</p> </c> <c ca="center"> <p>5</p> </c> <c ca="center"> <p>2</p> </c> <c ca="center"> <p>4</p> </c> <c ca="center"> <p>3</p> </c> <c ca="center"> <p>2</p> </c> </r> <r> <c ca="left"> <p><it>Total Hip Replacement</it></p> </c> <c ca="center"> <p>3</p> </c> <c ca="center"> <p>4</p> </c> <c ca="center"> <p>3</p> </c> <c ca="center"> <p>6</p> </c> <c ca="center"> <p>3</p> </c> <c ca="center"> <p>3</p> </c> </r> <r> <c ca="left"> <p><it>Intramnedullary nailing</it></p> </c> <c ca="center"> <p>2</p> </c> <c ca="center"> <p>1</p> </c> <c ca="center"> <p>1</p> </c> <c ca="center"> <p>6</p> </c> <c ca="center"> <p>2</p> </c> <c ca="center"> <p>3</p> </c> </r> <r> <c ca="left"> <p><it>External fixators</it></p> </c> <c ca="center"> <p>2</p> </c> <c ca="center"> <p>3</p> </c> <c ca="center"> <p>2</p> </c> <c ca="center"> <p>2</p> </c> <c ca="center"> <p>1</p> </c> <c ca="center"> <p>1</p> </c> </r> <r> <c cspan="7"> <hr/> </c> </r> <r> <c ca="left"> <p><it>TOTAL</it></p> </c> <c ca="center"> <p>11</p> </c> <c ca="center"> <p>13</p> </c> <c ca="center"> <p>8</p> </c> <c ca="center"> <p>18</p> </c> <c ca="center"> <p>9</p> </c> <c ca="center"> <p>9</p> </c> </r> </tblbdy> <tblfn> <p>E = England, W = Wales, S = Scotland</p> </tblfn> </tbl> <p>Conclusion</p> <p>In view of this we feel that more focused theatre based induction programmes for higher surgical trainees is advocated in each hospital trust so trainees can familiarise themselves with the tools available to them. …”
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Evidence for community transmission of community-associated but not healthcare-associated Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus Aureus strains linked to social and material deprivat... by Auguet, O, Betley, J, Stabler, R, Patel, A, Ioannou, A, Marbach, H, Hern, P, Aryee, A, Godenberg, S, Otter, J, Desai, N, Karadag, T, Grundy, C, Gaunt, M, Cooper, B, Edgeworth, J, Kypraios, T

“…We explored the potential for associations with the English Indices of Deprivation 2010 (including the Index of Multiple Deprivation and several deprivation domains and subdomains) and the 2011 England and Wales census demographic and socioeconomic indicators (including numbers of households by deprivation dimension) and indicators of population health. …”

Adrenaline to improve survival in out-of-hospital cardiac arrest: the PARAMEDIC2 RCT by Perkins, GD, Ji, C, Achana, F, Black, JJM, Charlton, K, Crawford, J, de Paeztron, A, Deakin, C, Docherty, M, Finn, J, Fothergill, RT, Gates, S, Gunson, I, Han, K, Hennings, S, Horton, J, Khan, K, Lamb, S, Long, J, Miller, J, Moore, F, Nolan, J, O’Shea, L, Petrou, S, Pocock, H, Quinn, T, Rees, N, Regan, S, Rosser, A, Scomparin, C, Slowther, A, Lall, R

“…<br> <strong>Setting</strong> This trial was set in five NHS ambulance services in England and Wales. <br> <strong>Participants</strong> Adults treated for an out-of-hospital cardiac arrest were included. …”

Association of antenatal or neonatal SARS-COV-2 exposure with developmental and respiratory outcomes, and healthcare usage in early childhood: a national prospective cohort study by Jackson, R, Cornish, R, Daskalopoulou, Z, Gale, C, Hurd, M, Johnson, S, Knight, M, Kurinczuk, JJ, Woodward, K, Chakkarapani, E

“…<p><b>Methods </b></p> This prospective national population-based cohort study was conducted in England and Wales, United Kingdom. We enrolled term-born children (≥37 weeks' gestation) with and without antenatal or neonatal exposure to SARS-CoV-2 infection by approaching parents of eligible children who were cared for in 87 NHS hospitals. …”

A randomised, double-blind, parallel-group trial to assess mercaptopurine versus placebo to prevent or delay recurrence of Crohn’s disease following surgical resection (TOPPIC) by Satsangi, J, Kennedy, N, Mowat, C, Arnott, I, Keerie, C, Lewis, S, Ennis, H

“…</p><p> Participants: Those aged ≥ 16 years in Scotland (or aged ≥ 18 years in England and Wales) with a histologically confirmed diagnosis of CD (according to the Lennard-Jones criteria) and surgical intervention ≤ 3 months prior to randomisation to remove all observable disease at ileocolonic or small bowel resections. …”

Audit field experiment on the discrimination against individuals with criminal records and its interaction with race and gender in the United Kingdom by Rovira, M

“…I used the same family names for the four gender and race profiles based on the most common surnames for inmates in the prison system in England and Wales in December 2019. A list of the names and surnames can be accessed in Annexe 1 of the Online Supplementary Materials. 4. …”

Procalcitonin Evaluation of Antibiotic Use in COVID-19 Hospitalised Patients (PEACH): Protocol for a Retrospective Observational Study by Joanne Euden, Philip Pallmann, Detelina Grozeva, Mahableshwar Albur, Stuart E. Bond, Lucy Brookes-Howell, Paul Dark, Thomas Hellyer, Susan Hopkins, Philip Howard, Martin J. Llewelyn, Wakunyambo Maboshe, Iain J. McCullagh, Margaret Ogden, Helena Parsons, David Partridge, Neil Powell, Dominick Shaw, Bethany Shinkins, Tamas Szakmany, Stacy Todd, Emma Thomas-Jones, Robert M. West, Enitan D. Carrol, Jonathan A. T. Sandoe

“…PEACH is a retrospective observational cohort study using patient-level clinical data from acute hospital Trusts and Health Boards in England and Wales. The primary objective is to measure the difference in antibiotic use between COVID-19 patients who did or did not have PCT testing at the time of diagnosis. …”
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A systematic review of the effectiveness and cost-effectiveness of peer-based interventions to maintain and improve offender health in prison settings by Jane South, Anne-Marie Bagnall, Claire Hulme, James Woodall, Roberta Longo, Rachael Dixey, Karina Kinsella, Gary Raine, Karen Vinall-Collier, Judy Wright

“…Peer support is an established feature of prison life in England and Wales; however, more needs to be known about the effectiveness of peer-based interventions to maintain and improve health in prison settings. …”
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The effectiveness and cost-effectiveness of diversion and aftercare programmes for offenders using class A drugs: a systematic review and economic evaluation by Karen P Hayhurst, Maria Leitner, Linda Davies, Rachel Flentje, Tim Millar, Andrew Jones, Carlene King, Michael Donmall, Michael Farrell, Seena Fazel, Rochelle Harris, Matthew Hickman, Charlotte Lennox, Soraya Mayet, Jane Senior, Jennifer Shaw

“…Background: The societal costs of problematic class A drug use in England and Wales exceed £15B; drug-related crime accounts for almost 90% of costs. …”
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Percutaneous vertebroplasty and percutaneous balloon kyphoplasty for the treatment of osteoporotic vertebral fractures: a systematic review and cost-effectiveness analysis by Matt Stevenson, Tim Gomersall, Myfanwy Lloyd Jones, Andrew Rawdin, Monica Hernández, Sofia Dias, David Wilson, Angie Rees

“…Objectives: To systematically evaluate and appraise the clinical effectiveness and cost-effectiveness of PVP and percutaneous BKP in reducing pain and disability in people with osteoporotic vertebral compression fractures (VCFs) in England and Wales. Data sources: A systematic review was carried out. …”
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Nucleocapsid and spike antibody responses following virologically confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection: an observational analysis in the Virus Watch community cohort by Annalan M D Navaratnam, Madhumita Shrotri, Vincent Nguyen, Isobel Braithwaite, Sarah Beale, Thomas E Byrne, Wing Lam Erica Fong, Ellen Fragaszy, Cyril Geismar, Susan Hoskins, Jana Kovar, Parth Patel, Alexei Yavlinsky, Anna Aryee, Alison Rodger, Andrew C Hayward, Robert W Aldridge, Susan Michie, Pia Hardelid, Linda Wijlaars, Eleni Nastouli, Moira Spyer, Ben Killingley, Ingemar Cox, Vasileios Lampos, Rachel A McKendry, Tao Cheng, Yunzhe Liu, Jo Gibbs, Richard Gilson, Anne M Johnson

“…Methods: Adults aged ≥18 years, from households enrolled in the Virus Watch prospective community cohort study in England and Wales, provided monthly capillary blood samples, which were tested for spike antibody and anti-N. …”
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Bayesian reconstruction of SARS-CoV-2 transmissions highlights substantial proportion of negative serial intervals by Cyril Geismar, Vincent Nguyen, Ellen Fragaszy, Madhumita Shrotri, Annalan M.D. Navaratnam, Sarah Beale, Thomas E. Byrne, Wing Lam Erica Fong, Alexei Yavlinsky, Jana Kovar, Susan Hoskins, Isobel Braithwaite, Robert W. Aldridge, Andrew C. Hayward, Peter J. White, Thibaut Jombart, Anne Cori

“…Methods: This analysis included 5 842 symptomatic individuals with confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection amongst 2 579 households from September 2020 to August 2022 across England &amp; Wales. We used a Bayesian framework to infer who infected whom by exploring all transmission trees compatible with the observed dates of symptoms, based on a wide range of incubation period and generation time distributions compatible with estimates reported in the literature. …”
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Psychoeducation with problem-solving (PEPS) therapy for adults with personality disorder: a pragmatic randomised controlled trial to determine the clinical effectiveness and cost-e... by Mary McMurran, Mike J Crawford, Joe Reilly, Juan Delport, Paul McCrone, Diane Whitham, Wei Tan, Conor Duggan, Alan A Montgomery, Hywel C Williams, Clive E Adams, Huajie Jin, Matthew Lewis, Florence Day, on behalf of the PEPS Trial Collaborative Group

“…Setting: Community mental health services in three NHS trusts in England and Wales. Participants: Community-dwelling adults with any personality disorder recruited from community mental health services. …”
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A randomised, double-blind, parallel-group trial to assess mercaptopurine versus placebo to prevent or delay recurrence of Crohn’s disease following surgical resection (TOPPIC) by Jack Satsangi, Nicholas A Kennedy, Craig Mowat, Ian Arnott, Catriona Keerie, Steff Lewis, Holly Ennis

“…Participants: Those aged ≥ 16 years in Scotland (or aged ≥ 18 years in England and Wales) with a histologically confirmed diagnosis of CD (according to the Lennard-Jones criteria) and surgical intervention ≤ 3 months prior to randomisation to remove all observable disease at ileocolonic or small bowel resections. …”
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Identifying Continence OptioNs after Stroke (ICONS): an evidence synthesis, case study and exploratory cluster randomised controlled trial of the introduction of a systematic voidi... by Lois H Thomas, Beverley French, Christopher J Sutton, Denise Forshaw, Michael J Leathley, Christopher R Burton, Brenda Roe, Francine M Cheater, Jo Booth, Elaine McColl, Bernadette Carter, Andrew Walker, Katie Brittain, Gemma Whiteley, Helen Rodgers, James Barrett, Caroline L Watkins, on behalf of the ICONS project team and the ICONS patient, public and carer involvement groups

“…Setting: One English stroke service (case study) and 12 stroke services in England and Wales (randomised trial). Participants: Case study, 43 patients; randomised trial, 413 patients admitted to hospital with stroke and UI. …”
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Which method is best for the induction of labour? A systematic review, network meta-analysis and cost-effectiveness analysis by Zarko Alfirevic, Edna Keeney, Therese Dowswell, Nicky J Welton, Nancy Medley, Sofia Dias, Leanne V Jones, Gillian Gyte, Deborah M Caldwell

“…Background: More than 150,000 pregnant women in England and Wales have their labour induced each year. …”
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An Occupational Therapy intervention for residents with stroke-related disabilities in UK Care Homes (OTCH): cluster randomised controlled trial with economic evaluation by Catherine M Sackley, Marion F Walker, Christopher R Burton, Caroline L Watkins, Jonathan Mant, Andrea K Roalfe, Keith Wheatley, Bart Sheehan, Leslie Sharp, Katie E Stant, Joanna Fletcher-Smith, Kerry Steel, Garry R Barton, Lisa Irvine, Guy Peryer, on behalf of the OTCH investigators

“…Setting: The setting was 228 care homes which were local to 11 trial administrative centres across England and Wales. Participants: Care home residents with a history of stroke or transient ischaemic attack, including residents with communication and cognitive impairments, not receiving end-of-life care. …”
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A pilot randomised controlled trial of community-led ANtipsychotic Drug REduction for Adults with Learning Disabilities by Rachel McNamara, Elizabeth Randell, David Gillespie, Fiona Wood, David Felce, Renee Romeo, Lianna Angel, Aude Espinasse, Kerry Hood, Amy Davies, Andrea Meek, Katy Addison, Glyn Jones, Paul Deslandes, David Allen, Martin Knapp, Ajay Thapar, Michael Kerr

“…Background: Data suggest that approximately 50,000 adults with learning disabilities (LDs) in England and Wales are currently prescribed antipsychotic medication. …”
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