ACTORS OF THE INSTITUTIONAL REFORMS OF THE EUROPEAN BANKING SECTOR IN RESPONSE TO THE CRISIS by Małgorzata Zaleska

“…The institutional changes are assessed in the paper, including the establishment of the European banking union, modifications in the EU deposit insurance systems and considerable strengthening of the role of central banks, with special focus on the European Central Bank. Moreover, potential sources of another financial crisis are identified and further institutional changes in finance are proposed.…”
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The Debt Crisis in Eurozone and Perspectives of its Solution by M A Davtyan

“…Particular attention is paid to the role of European Central Bank in the conditions of financial and economic instability and its role in combating the sovereign debt crisis in the Eurozone. …”
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Federal Reserve Response to the 2007 Financial Crisis. Monetary Policy Instruments by Bonta (Mitea) Liana-Antonela

“…FED's reaction is very important as it served as a model for the othercentral banks, especially for the European Central Bank. The below analysis will show that FED’straditional actions as lender of last resort were not enough and FED had to come up with somenew and unconventional monetary solutions and track their impact on the US economy.…”
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What central banks have learned: lessons from pre-EMU Europe by Aerdt C.F.J. Houben

“…Several of the lessons that are relevant to the euro area are shown to have been incorporated into the monetary policy strategy of the European Central Bank.…”
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Inflation Targeting and Inflation Measurement in the Euro Area in Transition by Gunther Schnabl, Tim Florian Sepp

“…But it could also be due to how price stability is measured and how the European Central Bank’s implementation of the price stability objective has changed.…”
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THE CONTAGION EFFECT AND THE RESPONSE OF THE EUROZONE TO THE SOVEREIGN DEBT PROBLEM by Claudiu Peptine, Claudiu Gabriel Tiganas, Dumitru Filipeanu

“…Therefore, many of the European Central Bank interventions (ECB) in the European Union were motivated by the need for understanding and mitigating the contagion phenomenon.…”
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Learning, uncertainty and central bank activism in an economy with strategic interactions. by Ellison, M, Valla, N

What central banks have learned: lessons from pre-EMU Europe by Aerdt C.F.J. Houben

“…Several of the lessons that are relevant to the euro area are shown to have been incorporated into the monetary policy strategy of the European Central Bank.   JEL Codes: E52, E58, E31, F31, F36 …”
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THE WORLD ECONOMY IN 2017 AND THE PROSPECTS FOR 2018 by Andrei Rădulescu

“…At the same time, GDP in the Euroland rose at its highest pace since 2007, due to the expansionary monetary policy promoted by the European Central Bank and the accelerating global economy. …”
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Inflation, unemployment and the Central Bank: Themes for a critical reappraisal by P. SYLOS LABINI

“…A critical reappraisal of the explanation of inflation is now particularly important since the European Central Bank will become operative at the beginning of the next year.   …”
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Brief Evaluation On The Process Of Accomplishing The Inflation Criterion In The Eu New Member States by Criste, Adina

“…The analysis of the process of accomplishing the nominal criterion of inflation also refers to some criticisms regarding the way in which the reference value for inflation is calculated, because the European authorities (European Commission, and European Central Bank) also used negative values for the calculation of this indicator.…”
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IS DEFLATION TRAP A SERIOUS THREAT? CASE STUDY OF FED, ECB AND NBP by Maciej Ryczkowski

“…The goal of the paper is to compare nonstandard solutions implemented by Federal Reserve System, European Central Bank and National Bank of Poland in response to the outbreak of a subrime crisis in United States and to debt crisis in European Union. …”
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Recalibrating probabilistic forecasts to improve their accuracy by Ying Han, David V. Budescu

“…We illustrate the approach with data from the quarterly Survey of Professional Forecasters (SPF) conducted by the European Central Bank (ECB), document the potential benefits of this approach, and show how it can be used in practical applications.…”
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An Overview of Central Banks’ Answers to Economic Stimulus Following Covid-19 by Alexandru Duță

“…The huge increase in both the Federal Reserve’s and European Central Bank’s balance sheets using financial tools has led to a distortion of stock markets and government bonds. …”
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THE ADJUSTMENT OF INSTRUMENTS OF NATIONAL BANK OF POLAND TO THE STANDARDS OF THE EUROSYSTEM – OPEN MARKET OPERATIONS by Ilona Pietryka

“…The purpose of this analysis is to determine the degree of adjustment of the instruments discussed, used by the National Bank of Poland to the standards, norms and procedures of the European Central Bank. The adjustment requires the harmonization of all type carried out by the Polish National Bank operations on the open market.…”
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QE3 and Asia : concerns over new monetary easings by J. Soedradjad Djiwandono

“…Quantitative easing in different forms have recently been resorted to by the US Federal Reserve (Fedres), the European Central Bank (ECB) and the Bank of Japan (BoJ) to rescue their respective economies from prolonged recession. …”
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A mark-up model of inflation for the euro area. by Bowdler, C, Jansen, E

The Assessment: Macroeconomic Policy after EMU. by Allsopp, C, Vines, D

“…We focus on three important elements: the wage-fixing authorities in each country, the fiscal authorities in each country, and the single European Central Bank (ECB). We identify serious problems which might arise in coordinating both the wage-setters and the fiscal authorities, and argue that these problems could be exacerbated if the ECB conducts monetary policy inappropriately. …”

Towards ERM2: managing the relationship between the euro and the other currencies of the European Union by F. SACCOMANNI

“…ERM2 provides for a suspension of intervention and financing by the European Central Bank (ECB) and non-euro banks during price stabilisation. …”
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Materialism and the Loss of Sovereignty: Ireland in the Celtic Tiger and After by Timothy White

“…The Irish government required a bailout from the European Central Bank and the International Monetary Fund to cover the huge debt exposure the Irish government had assumed after guaranteeing bank debt. …”
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