What Really Ails the Eurozone?: Faulty Supranational Architecture by Assaf Razin, Steven Rosefielde

“…Member states have surrendered control over their monetary and foreign exchange rate policies to the German dominated European Central Bank (ECB), without supplementary central fiscal, private banking and political union institutions. …”
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Investigating the role of the International Monetary Fund in the process of resolving financial crises: case study of Greece by Aref Bijan, Ehsan Ejazi

“…These political unrests have prompted international and regional governments and financial institutions such as the International Monetary Fund, the World Bank and the European Central Bank to find a way to end this severe financial crisis. …”
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Multifactor Risk Attribution Applied to Systemic, Climate and Geopolitical Tail Risks for the Eurozone Banking Sector by Giulia Bettin, Gian Marco Mensi, Maria Cristina Recchioni

“…Our climate risk estimate is in line with the results of the 2022 European Central Bank climate stress test, and our geopolitical risk measure shows a positive correlation with the GPRD and Threats index.…”
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On the usage of the Lie group symmetries for term structure models with nonlinear drift and squared volatility functions by Dzmitry A. Pauliu

“…In the end, a numerical experiment was carried out using real data from the European Central Bank.…”
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Private shareholding: An analysis of an eclectic group of central banks by Jannie Rossouw

“…Private shareholding is defined as shareholding in a central bank by any party other than the respective government or governments (e.g. the European Central Bank) where the central bank is located. …”
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TRADITIONAL CRYPTOCURRENCIES AND FIAT-BACKED DIGITAL CURRENCIES by Serghei MĂRGULESCU, Elena MĂRGULESCU

“…The European Commission and European Central Bank are working together to investigate the policy, legal and technical questions emerging from a possible introduction of a digital euro. …”
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Special Drawing Right and Currency Risk Management by khalifa Hassanain

“…Each U.S. dollar equivalent is calculated on the basis of the middle rate between the buying and selling exchange rates at noon in the London market, or New York market or on the basis of euro reference rates published by the European Central Bank depending upon availability. For other currencies, SDR rates are based on SDR-USD rate and USD-other currency rate. …”
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The Impact of Nominal Negative Interest Rates on the Economy – Literature Review by Jakub Kubiczek

“…Since then, the NIRP has been implemented by the National Bank of Denmark, the European Central Bank, the Swiss National Bank and the National Bank of Japan. …”
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Reflections on post-bailout policy analysis in Ireland by Murphy Mary, Hogan John

“…The troika of the International Monetary Fund, European Central Bank and the European Commission are associated with policy capacity innovation, but also with significant austerity. …”
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Traditional Cryptocurrencies And Fiat-Backed Digital Currencies by SERGHEI MĂRGULESCU, ELENA MĂRGULESCU

“…The European Commission and European Central Bank are working together to investigate the policy, legal and technical questions emerging from a possible introduction of a digital euro. …”
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Intergenerational wealth transmission and homeownership in Europe–a comparative perspective by Or Cohen Raviv, Thomas Hinz

“…To do so, we pooled data for 20 European countries from the European Central Bank’s Household Finance and Consumption Survey (HFCS) for 2010–2017, for household heads aged 25–40. …”
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Special Drawing Right and Currency Risk Management by Khalifa Hassanain

“…Each U.S. dollar equivalent is calculated on the basis of the middle rate between the buying and selling exchange rates at noon in the London market, or New York market or on the basis of euro reference rates published by the European Central Bank depending upon availability. For other currencies, SDR rates are based on SDR-USD rate and USD-other currency rate. …”
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El activismo fiscal en los auges, las crisis y más allá by Ludger Schuknecht

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THE INTRODUCTION OF THE UNIQUE MECHANISM OF SURVEILLANCE AND THE REDUCTION OF NON-PERFORMING LOANS by Nicoleta Georgeta PANAIT

“…To identify the optimal strategy for managing non-performing loans is necessary to continually monitor the performance and providing rapid adaptation to the dynamic environmental factors and changes in the characteristics of the loan portfolio. European Central Bank will consistently enforce a set of unique rules apply to the group of euro area credit institutions will directly supervise credit large institutions and will monitor supervisory practices of credit institutions less significant conducted by competent national authorities.…”
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The role of the European Fiscal Board in the EU fiscal system by Golubović Srđan

“…The only exception are institutional solutions in the monetary sphere (the single currency, the legal status and tasks of the European Central Bank), which proved to be functional during the crisis. …”
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CoRisk: Credit Risk Contagion with Correlation Network Models by Paolo Giudici, Laura Parisi

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FOREIGN CURRENCY LOAN CONVERSIONS AND CURRENCY MISMATCHES IN ROMANIA by Flavius Darie

“…However, a significant benefit of loan conversion for the financial system is the diminution of the exposure of the banks across Romania to systemic exchange-rate risks to their balance sheet through domestic currency depreciation. The European Central Bank (ECB) warned on several occasions that foreign currency loans represent a major risk to financial stability. …”
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How Much Can the Monetary Policies of Small Open Economies Neighbouring the Eurozone Be Independent? by Ondřej BEDNÁŘ, Božena KADEŘÁBKOVÁ

“…The results show that the monetary authorities of the United Kingdom, Sweden, and Denmark follow the lead of the European Central Bank much more evidently than the Czech Republic, Hungary, Poland, and Romania.…”
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TARGET2 imbalances: causes, assessments and consequences by Michael Menrad

“…Using a quantitative time series analysis, the paper examines and discusses the development of Target2 imbalances and the interrelationships of the European Central Bank (ECB) activities through market intervention using quantitative easing. …”
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Gentrifizierungsprozesse im Frankfurter Ostend. Stadtpolitische Aufwertungsstrategien und Zuzug der Europäischen Zentralbank by Andrea Mösgen, Sebastian Schipper

“…The subsequent displacement processes were accelerated by the 2002 decision to relocate the headquarters of the European Central Bank (ECB) to the Ostend district. Using discourse analysis we show that the relocation decision has led to a distinctive symbolic valorization of the district. …”
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