“The Chinese as I Have Seen Them”: A Diachronic Analysis of Western Perception on the Chinese in the 19th and Early 20th Centuries by Valeria Franceschi

“… It is estimated that around 12000 Westerners were living in the Chinese Empire at the end of the 19th century (Détrie 509); especially after the first Opium War (1839-1842), locals and Westerners learnt to co-habit, with the latter improving their quality of life. …”
Get full text

“The Chinese as I Have Seen Them”: A Diachronic Analysis of Western Perception on the Chinese in the 19th and Early 20th Centuries by Valeria Franceschi

“… It is estimated that around 12000 Westerners were living in the Chinese Empire at the end of the 19th century (Détrie 509); especially after the first Opium War (1839-1842), locals and Westerners learnt to co-habit, with the latter improving their quality of life. …”
Get full text

SEMNIFICAȚIA „SECOLULUI UMILINȚEI“ by Vohn, Cristina

“…The Chinese believe that it began during the first Opium War in 1839, when England invaded southern China, and ended with the liberation of China from foreign troops and the victory of the Chinese Communists who proclaimed the People’s Republic of China in 1949. …”
Get full text

On the Beginning and Transformation of Modern Chinese Historiography by Zhang Yue

“…After the First Opium War (1840-1842) there were increased academic interests in studying the history and geography of China’s northwestern borderlands, introducing foreign history and geography and writing the modern history of China. …”
Get full text