The phylogeny of Tetanurae (Dinosauria: Theropoda) by Carrano, M, Benson, R, Sampson, S

“…Despite parallel diversification of multiple lineages, there is evidence for a succession of 'dominant' clades. Tetanurae first appeared by the Early Jurassic and was globally distributed by the Middle Jurassic. …”

Exact solutions of coupled multispecies linear reaction-diffusion equations on a uniformly growing domain by Simpson, M, Sharp, J, Morrow, L, Baker, R

“…In its basic format, the uncoupling transformation at first appears to be restricted to deal only with the case where each generation of cells has a distinct proliferation rate. …”

Graph reconstruction and structure by Tan, J

“…A recent focal point has been on graph product structure theory, which allows many graph classes to be described using graphs of bounded treewidth. Having first appeared in 2019, this theory is still actively under development, but has already facilitated progress on longstanding problems. …”

Rethinking the bronze-iron transition in Iran: copper and iron metallurgy before the Achaemenid Period by Cuénod, A, A.M.A. Cuenod

“…<p>Iran, a country rich in mineral resources, has a long history of metal working. Copper objects first appeared in the 7th millennium BC and in the following millennia, copper became the material of choice for the production of many objects. …”

Endodermal cell-cell contact is required for the spatial control of Casparian band development in Arabidopsis thaliana. by Martinka, M, Dolan, L, Pernas, M, Abe, J, Lux, A

“…KEY RESULTS: In wild-type plant roots Casparian bands initiate at approx. 1600 µm from the root cap junction and suberin lamellae first appear on the inner primary cell walls at approx. 7000-8000 µm from the root apex in the region of developing lateral root primordia. …”

Cretaceous tetrapod fossil record sampling and faunal turnover: Implications for biogeography and the rise of modern clades by Benson, R, Mannion, P, Butler, R, Upchurch, P, Goswami, A, Evans, SE

“…Many advanced clades, including eutherian mammals, iguanian and gekkotan squamates, and the main cryptodiran turtle crown clades first appeared, or first attained high fossil diversities, in Asia. …”

On the decidability of finite extensions of decidable fields by Thanagopal, K

“…<p>This paper is primarily concerned with the following question which first appeared in Koenigsmann’s On a Question of Abraham Robinson’s:</p> <p><em>Is a finite field extension of a decidable field always decidable?…”

The beneficiarii consularis in the western provinces of the Roman Empire by Rankov, N, Rankov, Nikolas Boris

“…Since the main network of <em>stationes</em>, both in the Germanies and in the rest of Europe first appears in the 160's, they may be seen as a response to the Chattan and Marcomannic attacks. …”

The application of optimal estimation retrieval to lidar observations by Povey, A, Adam Povey

“…Lidar ratios of 50-60 sr were observed when the plume first appeared, which reduced to 20-30 sr after several days within the planetary boundary layer, indicating an alteration of the particles over time.…”

Numerical modeling and failure evolution of microstructure-based in-situ TiB2 and TiC+TiB2 reinforced Cu matrix composites by Yi-Fan Yan, Xi Zhang, Yong Shao, Hong-Yu Yang, Feng Qiu, Shi-Li Shu, Shu-Qing Kou

“…Under compression, localized interface damage first appears around the sharp corners of the hexagonal particles and induces crack initiation toward the matrix. …”
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Structure-based drug design for protein arginine deiminase Type IV (PAD4) receptor: Chemoinformatics approach by Cleydson B.R. Santos, Jorddy N. Cruz, Leonardo B. Federico, Suraj N. Mali, Njogu M. Kimani, Cleison C. Lobato, Rai C. Silva, José A.H.M. Bittencourt, Ruan S. Bastos, Renato A. da Costa, Carlos H.T.P. da Silva

“…Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA) is the second most common type of arthritis with symptoms first appearing in patients between 40 and 60 years of age. …”
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Study on Complex Wake Characteristics of Yawed Wind Turbine Using Actuator Line Method by Tengyuan Wang, Shuni Zhou, Chang Cai, Xinbao Wang, Zekun Wang, Yuning Zhang, Kezhong Shi, Xiaohui Zhong, Qingan Li

“…Furthermore, when the wind turbine rotated clockwise and yawed clockwise, the negative vorticity of counter-rotating vortex first appeared in the upper left position.…”
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Stress Granule Assembly Can Facilitate but Is Not Required for TDP-43 Cytoplasmic Aggregation by Nikita Fernandes, Luke Nero, Shawn M. Lyons, Pavel Ivanov, Telsa M. Mittelmeier, Timothy A. Bolger, J. Ross Buchan

“…Here, we determine that induction of TDP-43 expression in yeast results in the accumulation of SG-like foci that in >90% of cases become the sites where TDP-43 cytoplasmic foci first appear. Later, TDP-43 foci associate less with SGs and more with PBs, though independent TDP-43 foci also accumulate. …”
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FINER-SCALE MONITORING AND ANALYSIS OF 2016–2021 DUST STORMS DISASTERS IN CHINA BASED ON HIMAWARI-8 SATELLITE IMAGERIES by M. Chen, N. Luo, M. Du

“…During 2016–2021, the most severe and wide-spreading sandstorm occurred on March 14–18 2021. The dust storm first appeared in northwestern Mongolia on March 14, and then spread southeast to China. …”
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Phylogeny and evolution of Lasiopodomys in subfamily Arvivolinae based on mitochondrial genomics by Luye Shi, Likuan Liu, Xiujuan Li, Yue Wu, Xiangyu Tian, Yuhua Shi, Zhenlong Wang

“…TMRCA and niche model analysis revealed that Lasiopodomys may have first appeared during the early Pleistocene epoch. Further, L. gregalis separated from others over 1.53 million years ago (Ma) and then diverged into L. brandtii and L. mandarinus 0.76 Ma. …”
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Does Timing of Eruption in First Primary Tooth Correlate with that of First Permanent Tooth? A 9-year Cohort Study by Hamidreza Poureslami, Naser Asl Aminabadi, Alireza Sighari Deljavan, Leila Erfanparast, Azin Sohrabi, Zahra Jamali, Sina Ghertasi Oskouei, Kameliya Hazem, Sajjad Shirazi

“…Among 267 subjects completed all follow-ups, the eruption time for first primary and permanent teeth indicated a direct strong correlation; in that one month delayed or early eruption of first primary tooth resulted in 4.21 months delayed or early eruption of first appearing permanent tooth (r = 0.91, n = 267, P <0.001). …”
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Analysis of circulating respiratory syncytial virus A strains in Shanghai, China identified a new and increasingly prevalent lineage within the dominant ON1 genotype by Xue Zhao, Chun Wang, Hui Jiang, Hong Zhang, Fanghao Fang, Min Chen, Zhengan Yuan, Zheng Teng, Jing Liu, Xi Zhang

“…The new lineage, denoted ON1-5, was supported by phylogenetic analyses using additional G gene sequences from RSV-A strains isolated in Shanghai and elsewhere. ON1-5 first appeared in 2015 in China and the Netherlands, and has since spread to multiple continents and gained dominance in Asia. …”
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Molecular cloning, characterization, and expression analyses of immunoglobulin tau heavy chain (IgT) in largemouth bass (Micropterus salmoides) by Shun Yang, Yue Ming, Yuanxin Ma, Xintang Zhang, Shichao Qian, Hui Fei

“…Immunoglobulins (Igs) first appeared in jawless fish, which are humoral mediators playing a vital function in the adaptive immunity to protect the teleosts from various pathogens. …”
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Lesion of the subiculum reduces the spread of amyloid beta pathology to interconnected brain regions in a mouse model of Alzheimer’s disease by Sonia George, Annica Rönnbäck, Gunnar K Gouras, Géraldine H Petit, Fiona Grueninger, Bengt Winblad, Caroline Graff, Patrik Brundin

“…Amyloid-β (Aβ) pathology first appears in the subiculum and is later detected in interconnected brain regions, including the retrosplenial cortex. …”
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Investigation of the current density’s non-uniform distribution in dead-end PEMFC with multi-zone measurement methods by Zhangda Liu, Liangbo Sun, Wenli Zhu, Yana Li, Houchang Pei, Lu Xing

“…The results show that the maximum current density first appears at the outlet and then moves to the inlet. …”
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