Design of Solar Water Heater and Residential Building Integration Based on Chemical Energy Conversion Mode by Ruozhu Wang, Luli Yin, Yongmei Qian, Jun Zhan

“…The integrated or split-type solar water heater can be installed on pitched roof or flat roof. If the roof doesn’t meet the requirements, water heater can be either installed on the window-sill walls horizontally or walls between windows vertically, which can not only meet the water needs of users, but also enrich the building elevation and beautify the environment. …”
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Analysis of effect of water body on temperature and humidity around a building using COMSOL by Tan, Cheryl

“…Various building shapes such as conical-roof, dome-roof and flat-roof building are also modelled to analyse the difference in their temperature distributions. …”
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Perancangan pembaikan rumah orang-orang tua Cheras, Kuala Lumpur/ by 179929 Fadzil Hashim

“…Bangunan unit kediaman yang dicadangkan adalah berupa rumah dua tingkat 'flat roof' mengikut konsep 'nucleated'. Dari segi perhubungan, konsep jalan kaki digunakan. …”

An environmental impact on the condition of an unfinished building in the OWT technology by Baszeń Michał, Miedziałowski Czesław

“…As a result of the long-term environmental impact, the object was degraded due to the lack of a flat roof and windows. The impact of precipitation, wind and biological corrosion led to significant degradation and deterioration of structural elements and joints. …”
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Non-stationary behavior of roof drainage systems by Koláček Martin

“…Many buildings use a fully or partially flat roof where it is necessary to use the roof drainage. …”
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Increasing thermal protection with use of green roof by Peter Juras

“…The surface of highly insulated flat roof is overcooled during the night by the long wave sky radiation. …”
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Atmospheric channel characteristics for quantum communication with continuous polarization variables by Heim, B, Elser, D, Bartley, T, Sabuncu, M, Wittmann, C, Sych, D, Marquardt, C, Leuchs, G

“…In our prepare-and-measure setup, coherent polarization states are transmitted through an atmospheric quantum channel of 100 m length on the flat roof of our institute's building. The signal states are measured by homodyne detection with the help of a local oscillator (LO) which propagates in the same spatial mode as the signal, orthogonally polarized to it. …”

Parapet structure from special shaped TRC blocks by Jiří Pazderka, Petr Hájek, Michal Nývlt, Hana Žáková

“…The blocks are designed for a placement at the parapet of building with a flat roof. The solution is appropriate for buildings with precast-concrete bearing structure by following the principle of precast technology (short construction time, minimal technological pauses). …”
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Sensitivity analysis optimisation of building envelope parameters in a sub-humid Mediterranean climate zone by Aiman Albatayneh

“…The variables were divided into two groups according to their importance: a high importance design variables (window to wall ratio, local shading type, round floor construction, natural ventilation rate, infiltration rate (ac/h), glazing type, flat roof construction) and a low importance design variables (partition construction, site orientation, external wall construction, window blind type, window shading control schedule).The final results show significant reduction in the total energy consumption.…”
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Design of a durable roof slab insulation system for tropical climatic conditions by Kasun Nandapala, Rangika Halwatura

“…Flat roof slabs become popular day-by-day due to the advantages like cyclonic resistance, the possibility of future vertical extension, and the possibility of utilizing as an additional working space. …”
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Impacts of different roof designs and air-conditioning operations on energy consumption and costs in air-conditioned mosques in the Klang Valley , Malaysia by Mohamed, Nur Amalina Syairah

“…The mosque with "dome on flat roof" had the highest BEI, i.e. 204 kWh/m2/yr and 230 kWh/m2/yr based on 5-year and 2-year electricity bills, respectively. …”
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Evaluation of Low Pressure Fogging System for Improving Crop Yield of Tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.): Grown under Heat Stress Conditions by Kobi Shilo, Hadar Fadida, Shelly Gantz, Danny Harel, Hagai Yasuor

“…In most cases these net houses have a flat roof and no ventilation or climate control measures. …”
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Comparative scanning electron microscope study of the degradation of a plasticized polyvinyl chloride waterproofing membrane in different conditions by A. Pedrosa, M. Del Río

“…The samples were extracted from different areas of the same flat roof, which was in service for over 12 years. …”
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Performance evaluation of CdTe BIPV roof and façades in tropical weather conditions by Kumar, Nallapaneni Manoj, Sudhakar, K., Samykano, M.

“…Average annual PR for 7 kW flat roof, 2.3 kW façade in east and west, and 5.5 kW façade in north are 76.26%, 71%, 70.53%, and 66.42%, respectively, and corresponding energy losses are −23.6%, −28.8%, −29.4%, and −33.6%. …”
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Moisture diagnostic of a failured roof drainage situated behind a parapet wall and a subsequent condensate influence to a wooden construction by Remeš Josef, Brzoň Roman, Petříček Tomáš, Horák Jiří

“…One of these problems is typically connected with either a roof location near the parapet wall, or in the corner of a flat roof. Another one is generally represented by a roof drainage solution with a side inflow for the drainage system that goes through the parapet wall construction. …”
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Durability and Degradation of PVC-P Roofing Membrane—Example of Dynamic Fatigue Testing by Andrej Ivanič, Samo Lubej

“…The Specimens were taken from different segments of a flat roof after a service life of 11 years. The reason for analysing the condition of the Specimens was the apparent degradation of the waterproofing, which no longer guaranteed the watertightness of the roof. …”
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Knowledge-Based Modeling of Buildings in Dense Urban Areas by Combining Airborne LiDAR Data and Aerial Images by Junichi Susaki

“…By considering the segmented regions and the normals, models of four common roof types—gable-roof, hip-roof, flat-roof, and slant-roof buildings—are generated. …”
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DYNAMIC MODELING AND SIMULATION ANALYSIS OF A ROLLING BEARING-ROTOR SYSTEM by LV Yun, TONG DaPeng, TIAN Ye, LAI YaHui

“…Considering the reflection and influences of nonlinear touch rolling bearing towards dynamic,the theme of this paper focus on the slight axe experiment flat roof and comprise pedestal as well as rolling bearing. …”
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Influence of Selected Weather Conditions on the Photovoltaic System Efficiency in Central Poland – Case Study by Mariusz T. Sarniak

“…The PV system under consideration, with a peak output of 3.2 kWp, is connected to the electricity grid and is mounted on the flat roof of the building. The annual relative yields of the generated energy were about 10% less than estimated, and their monthly distributions were asymmetric. …”
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Evaluation and Optimization of a Traditional North-Light Roof on Industrial Plant Energy Consumption by Qianchuan Zhao, Mariam Wahed, Hao Liu, Sigrid Adriaenssens

“…In the Subtropical Highland climate zone, for example, the building energy consumption of a north-light roof is up to 54% less than that of a conventional flat roof. Based on these positive findings, this paper further presents an optimization framework that alters the north-light roof shape to further improve its energy performance. …”
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