String models of glueballs and the spectrum of SU(N) gauge theories in 2+1 dimensions by Johnson, R, Teper, M

“…The spectrum of glueballs in 2 +1 dimensions is calculated within an extended class of Isgur-Paton flux tube models and compared to lattice calculations of the low-lying SU(N≥2) glueball mass spectrum. …”

Extended electron tails in electrostatic microinstabilities and the nonadiabatic response of passing electrons by Hardman, MR, Parra, FI, Chong, C, Adkins, T, Anastopoulos-Tzanis, MS, Barnes, M, Dickinson, D, Parisi, JF, Wilson, H

“…However, in gyrokinetic simulations of ion-gyroradius-scale modes in axisymmetric toroidal magnetic fields, the nonadiabatic response of passing electrons can drive the mode, and generate fluctuations in narrow radial layers, which may have consequences for turbulent transport in a variety of circumstances. In flux tube simulations, in the ballooning representation, these instabilities reveal themselves as modes with extended tails. …”

Confinement and the effective string theory in SU (N -> infinity): a lattice study by Meyer, H, Teper, M

“…We demonstrate approximate linear confinement and show that the leading correction is consistent with what one expects if the flux tube behaves like a simple bosonic string at long distances. …”

Wilson loop duality and OPE for super form factors of half-BPS operators by Benjamin Basso, Alexander G. Tumanov

“…We introduce non-perturbative axioms and conjectures for the main building blocks that govern the exchange of the lightest flux-tube excitations. These blocks appear as simple refinements of the form factor transitions introduced in earlier OPE studies. …”
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Coronal Field Geometry and Solar Wind Speed by Ivan Berezin, Andrey Tlatov

“…A parameter called the “flux tube expansion” (FTE) is used to determine the degree of expansion of magnetic tubes. …”
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Power density improvement due to Rotor Flux screens in an SRM with a higher number of Rotor Poles than Stator Poles by Ali A. Abdelaziz, Khaled H. Ahmed, Ahmed M. Massoud, Barry W. Williams

“…A procedure for calculating the effective value of unaligned inductance for screened motors using the flux tube method is presented. Finite element analysis results for different screen cases confirm the effectiveness of conducting screens in improving the torque, hence power capability, of switched reluctance motors.…”
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Flux pattern transitions in the intermediate state of a type-I superconductor driven by an ac field by J Ge, J Gutierrez, B Raes, J Cuppens, V V Moshchalkov

“…Most strikingly, after shaking, higher density flux tube patterns demonstrate a reorganization from a superheated metastable tubular pattern to a stable stripe pattern. …”
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Growin: Modeling ionospheric instability growth rates by Smith Jonathon M., Klenzing Jeffrey

“…The growin python module utilizes other Heliophysics python modules to collate and process vertical plasma drift to drive the SAMI2 is Another Model of the Ionosphere (SAMI2) model and subsequently calculate the flux tube integrated Rayleigh–Taylor growth rate. The process is repeated for two different types of drift inputs: the Fejer–Scherliess model and measured drifts from the Communication/Navigation Outage Forecasting System (C/NOFS). …”
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Stability of Slow Magnetoacoustic and Entropy Waves in the Solar Coronal Plasma with Thermal Misbalance by Dmitrii Y. Kolotkov, Valery M. Nakariakov, Joseph B. Fihosy

“…Effects of the magnetic field are accounted for by including it in the parametrization of a guessed coronal heating function, and the finite plasma parameter <inline-formula><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><semantics><mi>β</mi></semantics></math></inline-formula>, in terms of the first-order thin flux tube approximation. Thermal conduction tends to stabilize both slow and entropy modes, broadening the interval of plausible coronal heating functions allowing for the existence of a thermodynamically stable corona. …”
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Suppression of Penning discharges between the KATRIN spectrometers by Aker, M., Altenmüller, K., Beglarian, A., Behrens, J., Berlev, A., Besserer, U., Blaum, K., Block, F., Bobien, S., Bornschein, B., Bornschein, L., Bouquet, H., Brunst, T., Caldwell, T. S, Chilingaryan, S., Choi, W., Debowski, K., Deffert, M., Descher, M., Díaz Barrero, D.

“…These catchers can be moved across the magnetic-flux tube and intercept on a sub-ms time scale the stored electrons along their magnetron motion paths. …”
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Suppression of Penning discharges between the KATRIN spectrometers by Aker, M., Altenmüller, K., Beglarian, A., Behrens, J., Berlev, A., Besserer, U., Blaum, K., Block, F., Bobien, S., Bornschein, B., Bornschein, L., Bouquet, H., Brunst, T., Caldwell, T. S, Chilingaryan, S., Choi, W., Debowski, K., Deffert, M., Descher, M., Díaz Barrero, D.

“…These catchers can be moved across the magnetic-flux tube and intercept on a sub-ms time scale the stored electrons along their magnetron motion paths. …”
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A scale-separated approach for studying coupled ion and electron scale turbulence by Hardman, M, Barnes, M, Roach, C, Parra, F

“…This approach allows one to simulate multi-scale turbulence using ES flux tubes nested within an IS flux tube.…”

The Equilibrium of Coronal Loops Near Separatrices by Emily I Mason, Spiro K Antiochos, Stephen Bradshaw

“…This loop was chosen to simulate a coronal magnetic flux tube that passes close to a null point, as in the last set of closed loops under the fan surface of a coronal jet or a pseudostreamer. …”
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Improved Method for Distributed Parameter Model of Solenoid Valve Based on Kriging Basis Function Predictive Identification Program by Jiaxin You, Kun Zhang, Huimin Liang, Xiangdong Feng, Yonggang Ruan

“…They can be summarized as follows: Firstly, the estimation error of magnetic flux leakage (MFL) permeance is caused directly by the deviation of the magnetic flux tube due to the segmented magnetic field line. …”
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Gyrokinetic turbulence and transport in the Mega Ampere Spherical Tokamak by Colyer, G

“…Transport is modelled globally by means of local flux-tube simulations at each magnetic flux surface. …”

Sensitivity of detachment extent to magnetic configuration and external parameters by Lipschultz, B, Parra Diaz, F, Hutchinson, I

“…We believe this model is applicable more generally to any thermal fronts in flux tubes with varying magnetic field, and similar sources and sinks, such as detachment fronts in stellarator divertors and solar prominences in coronal loops.…”

Asymmetric Twisting of Coronal Loops by Gabriele Cozzo, Paolo Pagano, Antonino Petralia, Fabio Reale

“…We assume that the magnetic flux tube is stressed by footpoint rotation but also that the rotation has a different pattern from one footpoint to the other. …”
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Artificial Ducts Created via High-Power HF Radio Waves at EISCAT by Nataly F. Blagoveshchenskaya, Tatiana D. Borisova, Alexey S. Kalishin, Ivan M. Egorov

“…It was found that the electron density <i>N</i>_e enhancements inside ducts were of 50–80% above the background <i>N</i>_e values and their transverse size (normal to the magnetic flux tube) corresponded to about 3–4° in the north–south direction. …”
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Enhancing Triangulation of Interplanetary Type III Bursts through Wavevector Correction by Vratislav Krupar, Oksana Kruparova, Adam Szabo, Rui F. Pinto, Milan Maksimovic, Juan Carlos Martinez Oliveros

“…The findings indicate that relative density fluctuations of 0.40 can account for the observed angular shift, a conclusion supported by the multiple flux-tube solar wind model, which confirms the presence of such magnitude of relative perpendicular density fluctuations in the solar wind. …”
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Reacceleration of Galactic Cosmic Rays beyond the Knee at the Termination Shock of a Cosmic-Ray-driven Galactic Wind by Payel Mukhopadhyay, Enrico Peretti, Noémie Globus, Paul Simeon, Roger Blandford

“…We present a wind model in which interstellar gas flows along a nonrotating, expanding flux tube with a changing speed and cross-sectional area. …”
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