Modification of nanofiller to improve the final properties of polylactic acid(PLA)nanocomposites by Anthony, Latisha

“…Modifications of nanoclay were prepared from pristine clays and organoclays with Transition Metal Ions (TMIs),Ferum, Copper and Nickel using different solvents.The first part of the experiment focuses on determining the viability of Ethanol as a solvent in the modification process as well as its efficiency in aiding the adsorption of TMIs in comparison to solvents such as Methanol and Dioxane.The composition and structure of the modified nanoclay were characterized using Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy (AAS), Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) and Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM).From the AAS results,it was determined that Ethanol was a viable solvent for the nanoclay modification and proved to be extremely efficient for Copper ions especially.SEM and FTIR results proved that modified nanoclays had smoother surfaces for pristine clays or montmorilonite(MMT)which proved that the modification was successful.The same modifications performed on organoclayswere proven to be unsuccessful.The modified samples were then intercalated in Polylactic Acid (PLA) polymer matrices to form polymer nanocomposites (PNC).The biodegradability and thermal stability of the Polymer nanocomposites were tested and its performance is compared against a polymer nanocomposite intercalated with pure (unmodified) nanoclay.The PNC were formed using solution intercalation method with 1,4-Dichloroethane as a solvent. …”
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Production and characterization of extraction oil from natural spices : a comparison study with functional group content of Zea May and Elaeis Guineensis jacq. oil by Mohd Ridhwan, Md Deros

“…This analysis was conducted in Universiti Malaysia Pahang (UMP) laboratory using the Fourier Transform Infrared Transmitter (FTIR) unit. Most important step in this research is the analysis and comparison with the commodity oil such as palm oil and maize oil. …”
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Fabrication of Nanofibrous Hydroxyethyl Cellulose/ poly (vinyl alcohol) Scaffolds for Skin Tissue Engineering by Jahir Hussain, Fathima Shahitha, Farah Hanani, Zulkifli, Mohammad Syaiful, B. A. R., M. M., Yusoff

“…The nanofibrous mats were cross-linked using glutaraldehyde and characterized by scanning electron microscope (SEM), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). …”
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The Effects of Increasing Unsaturation in Palm Oil and Incorporation of Carbon Nanotubes on Resinous Properties by M. R., Islam, Beg, M. D. H., Saidatul Shima, Jamari

“…Structural elucidation was confirmed by Fourier transform of infrared spectroscopy and proton nuclear magnetic resonance; surfaces of the films were examined by field-emission scanning electron microscope. …”
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Environmentally Friendly Biosorbent from Moringa Oleifera Leaves for Water Treatment by Ali, Eman N., Alfarra, Sabreen R., M. M., Yusoff, Lutfor, M. R.

“…Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy (AAS) was used to monitor the Cd (II) concentration before and after treatment with biosorbent. Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) was used to monitor biosorbent structure changes before and after loading with Cd (II). …”
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Biodegradability of Nanoparticle Modified Fiber Reinforced Polyester Resin Nanocomposite by Chowdhury, M. N. K., Beg, M. D. H., Khan, Maksudur R.

“…The UF, NF, UPER and nanocomposites were characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), x-ray diffactometer (XRD), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), tensile strength test, etc. …”
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Development, Characterization, Sintering, Dielectric and Optical Properties of NdBa2ZrO5·5 Nanocrystals by Rajan, Jose, Kumar, V. Ratheesh, Wariar, P. R. S., Pazhani, R., Thomas, J. K., Koshy, J.

“…X-ray diffraction and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy revealed that the combustion product is phase pure and has an ordered cubic perovskite structure. …”
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Synthesis and Characterization of Medium Density Fiber Board by Using Mixture of Natural Rubber Latex and Starch as an Adhesive by Akbari, Sweeta, Gupta, Arun, Khan, Tanveer Ahmed, Saidatul Shima, Jamari, Norlirabiatuladawiyah, Che Ani, Poddar, Pradeep Kumar

“…The morphology of the specimens was characterized by using thermo gravimetric analysis (TGA) and fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. The mechanical testing results of MDF obtained from adhesive prepared using 5 g starch with 15 g NR latex shows higher mechanical strength in comparison to two other formulations. …”
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Development of Polysulfone-Polydimethylsiloxane (Psf Pdms) Thin Film Composite (Tfc) Membrane for Co2/ N2 Gas Separation by Nur Atikah, Che Embee

“…The characterization of morphology of TFC membrane will be conducted by using Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) and Fourier Transform Infrared Radiation (FTIR). The membrane’s performance and the selectivity of CO2/N2 separation will be determined by conducting gas permeation test. …”
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Bio-oil Production from Pyrolysis of Palm Oil Wastes by Nurul Fatin Shazwani, Suhaimi

“…The general characteristic of the product was investigated by the determination of functional groups present in bio oil using Fourier Transform Infrared spectrometer (FTIR). From the analysis, it is shown that bio oil contains complex compounds mostly functional groups of phenol, alcohol, ketones, aldehydes, carboxylic acid and carbonic structure. …”
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Development of polyethersulfone–poly vinylidenefluoride (PES-PVDF) thin film composite membrane FOR CO2/N2 gas separation by Mohamad Hadi, Tairin

“…The prepared TFC membrane was characterized using Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) and Fourier Transform Infrared Radiation (FTIR) method to determine the structure and functional group of our membrane. …”
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The production of bio oil through batch pyrolsis process by Mohd Taufik, Mohamd Tahir

“…The functional groups of the product which is bio oil are identified by using Fourier Transform infrared spectrometer (FTIR). The chemical characterization studies show that the bio oil obtained from the palm kernels has the potential to be a valuable source renewable fuel and as feedstock for specialty of chemicals.…”
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Performance of commercial scale removers in removing calcium carbonate (CaCO3) rich scales by Munira, Abdul Aziz

“…The scale samples were analyzed using FourierTransform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR), X-Ray Diffraction (XRD) technique and Thermal Gravimetric analysis. …”
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Effect of Waste Rubber Powder as Filler for Plywood Application by Khan, Maksudur R., Huei, Ruey Ong, Yousuf, Abu, Nitthiyah, Jeyaratnam, Prasad, D. M. Reddy

“…The physico-chemical interaction between the wood, resin and filler was investigated using fourier transform infrared spectroscopic (FTIR) technique and the interactions among N-H of MUF and C=O of wood and WRP were identified. …”
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Synthesis of Polyamidoxime Chelating Ligand from Polymer-Grafted Corn-Cob Cellulose for Metal Extraction by Lutfor, M. R., Nik Rohani, Nik Mustapa, M. M., Yusoff

“…The purified acrylic polymer-grafted cellulose and polyamidoxime ligand were characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and field emission scanning electron microscopy analysis. …”
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Effect of ph solution on the water absorbency of superabsorbent polymer composite by Ayuni Athirah, Azman

“…On the other hand, the characterizations of OPEFB-SAPCs have been carried out by using Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR), Thermogravimetric Analysis (TGA) and Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscopy (FESEM). …”
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Radiation grafting of fuctional polymers by Kathrina Nirmala, Manoharan

“…After that, the films were characterized by using attenuated total reflectance Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and tensile testing machine. …”
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Degradation of polyamide nanofiltration and reverse osmosis membranes by hypochlorite by Tang, Chuyang Y., Reinhard, Martin, Leckie, James O., Do, Van Thanh

“…Coated and uncoated fully aromatic (FA) and piperazine (PIP) semi-aromatic PA membranes were treated with hypochlorite solution and analyzed by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR). XPS results showed that in chlorine treated FA PA membranes the ratio of bound chlorine to surface nitrogen was 1:1 whereas it was only 1:6 in the case of PIP PA membranes. …”
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Mapping polarons in polymer FETs by charge modulation microscopy in the mid-infrared by Chin, Xin Yu, Yin, Jun, Wang, Zilong, Caironi, Mario, Soci, Cesare

“…CMS spectra are recorded with a high sensitivity confocal Fourier Transform Infra-Red (FTIR) microscope by probing electroinduced Infra-Red Active Vibrational (IRAV) modes and low-energy polaron bands in the spectral region 680–4000 cm−1. …”
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Selective removal of hydroxyl groups from graphene oxide by Chua, Chun Kiang, Pumera, Martin

“…The structural, morphological and electrochemical properties of the graphene materials have been fully characterised based on high-resolution X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, Raman spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy and cyclic voltammetry techniques. …”
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