Characterization of novel rigid-foam polyurethanes from residual palm oil and algae oil by Gomez, Javier Hernando Chavarro, Zakaria, Rabitah, Min, Min Aung, Mokhtar, Mohd Noriznan, Yunus, Robiah

“…Different characterization techniques such as scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA) and compression/flexural tests were conducted, and the results presented. …”
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Characterization of particleboard made from oil heat-treated rubberwood particles at different mixing ratios by Osman, Nurul Fatiha, Bawon, Paiman, Lee, Seng Hua, Hassan Zaki, Pakhriazad, Al-Edrus, Syeed Saifulazry Osman, Abdul Halip, Juliana, Mohd Akthar, Muhamad Suriadi

“…The treated particles were soaked in boiling water for 30 min to remove oil and were tested for chemical alteration and thermal characterization via Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy and thermogravimetric analysis. …”
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Characterization on phenolic acids and antioxidant activity of Chlorella sp. microalgae using subcritical water extraction by Zakaria, Siti Maisurah, Mustapa Kamal, Siti Mazlina, Harun, Mohd Razif, Omar, Rozita, Siajam, Shamsul Izhar

“…This proved that subcritical water treatment could effectively be used for the release of phenolic acids from Chlorella sp. using safe and green solvent. Analysis by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) was also performed to observe the effect of subcritical water on the functional groups of the extracts. …”
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Effect of chenodeoxycholic acid on the performance of dye-sensitized solar cells utilizing pinang palm (Areca catechu) dye by Najm, Asmaa Soheil, Ahmad Ludin, Norasikin, Hamid, Norul Hisham, Ibrahim, Mohd Adib, Mat Teridi, Mohd Asri, Sopian, Kamaruzzaman, Moria, Hazim, Holi, Araa Mebdir, Al-Zahrani, Asla Abdullah, Naeem, Hasanain Salah

“…The absorption spectra indicated that natural dyes with CDCA has an excellent stabilizing ability. The Fourier-transform infrared spectra indicated the existence of carboxylic and hydroxyl functional groups in the naturally extracted dye. …”
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Effect of synthesis temperature on the size of ZnO nanoparticles derived from pineapple peel extract and antibacterial activity of ZnO–starch nanocomposite films by Basri, Hasbullah Hassan, A. Talib, Rosnita, Sukor, Rashidah, Othman, Siti Hajar, Ariffin, Hidayah

“…Zinc oxide NPs synthesized at different temperatures were characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction analysis, field-emission scanning electron microscopy, energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, and transmission electron microscopy. …”
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Formulation, characterization and biological activity screening of sodium alginate-gum Arabic nanoparticles loaded with curcumin by Hassani, Abdelkader, Syed Mahmood, Enezei, Hamid Hammad, Hussain, Siti Aslina, Hamad Ali, Ali, Aldoghachi, Ahmed Faris, Hagar, Abdullah, Doolaanea, Abd Almonem, Ibrahim, Wisam Nabeel

“…The Cur/ALG-GANPs were prepared using the ionotropic gelation technique and further subjected to physico-chemical characterization using attenuated total reflectance–Fourier transform infrared (ATR-FTIR), X-ray diffractometry (XRD), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), size distribution, and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). …”
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Germanate oxide impacts on the optical and gamma radiation shielding properties of TeO2-ZnO-Li2O glass system by Kaky, Kawa M., Sayyed, M. I., Ati, Ali A., Mhareb, M. H. A., Mahmoud, K. A., Omar Baki, Sharudin, Mahdi, Mohd Adzir

“…X-ray diffraction and Attenuated Total Reflectance Fourier Transform Infrared was employed to investigate the structure of the synthesized glasses. …”
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Ionothermal synthesis of Zn-based metal organic frameworks in pyridinium ionic liquid by Ahmad, Haslina, Yusoh, Nur Aininie, Jumbri, Khairulazhar, Abdul Rahman, Mohd Basyaruddin

“…The powder X-ray diffraction (PXRD) and Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) spectra of both newly synthesized MOFs showed that both Zn-BDC and ZnBTC MOFs can be reproduced with these conditions. …”
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Synthesis and characterization of electrospun-cellulose fibre/graphene oxide for organophosphorus pesticides adsorption study using microextraction approach by Aris, Nor Izzati Fikrah

“…The electrospun CNF/GO was characterized using Fourier transform- infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), BET surface area and field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM). …”
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Functionalization of carbon catalyst derived from corncob residue via hydrothermal technique for esterification of palm fatty acid distillate by Ibrahim, Siti Fadhilah

“…The prepared catalysts were characterized by using X-Ray Diffraction (XRD), Brunauer - Emmett –Teller (BET) Surface Area Measurement, Fourier Transform Infrared (FT-IR) Spectroscopy, Temperature Programmed Desorption of Ammonia (NH3-TPD) and Field-Emission Scanning Electron Microscopy (FESEM) analysis. …”
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Synthesis and Characterisation of Vanadium Antimony Oxide Catalysts by Jong, Ita Yee Ping

“…The characteristic of VSb- oxide catalysts were studied and analyzed in relation to their structural/composition features using X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR), Brunauer- Emmett-Teller (BET) surface area, Scanning Electron Micrograph (SEM), Energy Dispersive X-ray (EDX) microanalysis and Thermogravimetric Analysis (TGA). …”
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Occurrence, abundance, and distribution of microplastics pollution: an evidence in surface tropical water of Klang River estuary, Malaysia by Mohd Zaki, Muhammad Rozaimi, Peh, Xin Ying, Zainuddin, Azim Haziq, Razak, Muhammad Raznisyafiq, Aris, Ahmad Zaharin

“…The microplastics were characterised with a stereomicroscope and attenuated total reflection–Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy to analyse size, shape, colour, and polymer composition. …”

Optimization of palm oil extraction from decanter cake using Soxhlet extraction and effects of microwaves pre-treatment on extraction yield and physicochemical properties of palm o... by Tie, Hieng Ong, Hamzah, Muhammad Hazwan, Che Man, Hasfalina

“…OPDC with microwave pre-treatment yielded 3.289±0.047 g of palm oil which was higher than OPDC without microwave pre-treatment which yielded only 3.107±0.085 g of palm oil. Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) analysis also revealed the abundance of C-H alkene stretch and C=O stretch, two major functional groups indicated the presence of fatty acid within the palm oil derived from both samples. …”

Synthesis of magnetic basic palm kernel shell catalyst for biodiesel production and characterisation and optimisation by Taguchi method by Celine, Ming Hui Goh, Yie, Hua Tan, Mubarak, N. M., Kansedo, Jibrail, Rashid, Umer, Khalid, Mohammad, Walvekar, Rashmi Gangasa

“…Characterisation of the catalyst with field-emission Scanning Electron microscopy (FESEM), energy-dispersive X-Ray spectroscopy (EDX), Brunauer–Emmett–Teller (BET), vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM), temperature-programmed desorption of CO2 (TPD-CO2) thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) analysis was conducted to correlate the catalyst characteristic with transesterification activity. …”

Thermogravimetric and dynamic mechanical analysis of woven glass/kenaf/epoxy hybrid nanocomposite filled with clay by Mazlan, Norkhairunnisa, Tay, Chai Hua, Hameed Sultan, Mohamed Thariq, Abdan, Khalina

“…Elimination of hemicellulose is proven through Fourier-transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) analysis conducted on treated kenaf fibre at wavenumber 1514, 1696 and 1726 cm−1.…”
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A promising negative electrode of asymmetric supercapacitor fabricated by incorporating copper-based metal-organic framework and reduced graphene oxide by Mohanadas, Dharshini, Mohd Abdah, Muhammad Amirul Aizat, Azman, Nur Hawa Nabilah, Abdullah, Jaafar, Sulaiman, Yusran

“…The MrGO composite was characterized using field emission scanning microscopy, Raman spectroscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectrometry and X-ray diffraction to confirm the presence of both Cu-MOF and rGO. …”

Effect of cellulose nanofibrils on the properties of Jatropha oil-based waterborne polyurethane nanocomposite film by Amri, Mohamad Ridzuan, Chuah, Teong Guan, Al-Edrus, Syeed Saifulazry Osman, Md Yasin, Faizah, Mohamad, Siti Fatahiyah

“…Thermal gravimetric analysis (TGA) was performed to measure the temperature of degradation and the chemical crosslinking and film morphology were studied using Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM). …”
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Effect of Ni/Malaysian dolomite catalyst synthesis technique on deoxygenation reaction activity of waste cooking oil by Raja Shahruzzaman, Raja Mohamad Hafriz, Ishak, Nor Shafizah, Arifin, Nor Anisa, Ali, Salmiaton, Yunus, Robiah, Yap, Taufiq Yun Hin, Shamsuddin, Abdul Halim

“…The physicochemical properties of the synthesized catalyst were investigated by X-ray diffraction, Brunauer-Emmette-Teller surface area, temperature-programmed desorption of carbon dioxide, X-ray fluorescence, scanning emission microscopy and transmission electron microscopy analysis while the liquid products were analyzed by gas chromatography-mass spectroscopy and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy. Evidently from the result of the observation, the preparation technique plays an important role in determining the physicochemical properties of the catalyst for deoxygenation reaction of WCO in which precipitation technique outperformed other methods. …”
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Effects of nanocellulose fiber and thymol on mechanical, thermal, and barrier properties of corn starch films by Othman, Siti Hajar, Nordin, Norhazirah, Azman, Nur Ayuni Aziera, Mohamed Amin Tawakkal, Intan Syafinaz, Kadir Basha, Roseliza

“…The resulting films were characterized by the functional chemistry, crystallinity, morphology, mechanical, thermal, and barrier properties. The Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy analysis confirmed the presence of intermolecular hydrogen bonding between the thymol and starch, as well as the thymol and glycerol, via hydroxyl groups of glycerol, starch, and thymol. …”
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Electrochemical determination of lead & copper ions using thiolated calix[4]arene-modified screen-printed carbon electrode by Chong, Jin Mei, Yusof, Nor Azah, Alang Ahmad, Shahrul Ainliah

“…The surface of the modified electrode was characterised via Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), cyclic voltammetry (CV), and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS). …”
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