Extraction of microcrystalline cellulose from Washingtonia fibre and its characterization by Azum, Naved, Jawaid, Mohammad, Lau, Kia Kian, Khan, Anish, Alotaibi, Maha Moteb

“…Furthermore, the physicochemical analysis, Fourier Transform Infrared-ray (FTIR), indicated the presence of a crystalline cellulose region within the WMCC structure, which had promoted it with high crystallinity of 72.6% as examined by X-ray diffraction (XRD). …”
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Forensic discrimination of blue pen inks: emergence of hybrid pen inks by Gannetion, Linthini, Mohamad Noor, Siti Nur Musliha, Lim, Poh Ying, Chang, Kah Haw, Lim Abdullah, Ahmad Fahmi

“…Twenty blue pens consisting of ten ballpoint pens and ten gel pens of various brands were subjected to microscopic examination, video spectral comparator examination, attenuated total reflectance-Fourier transform infrared (ATR-FTIR) spectroscopy, and thin layer chromatography (TLC) using two different solvent systems. …”
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Biodiesel production from grease trap waste and its purification using activated biochar derived from woodchips biomass by Jariah, Nurhanani Fatihah

“…The activated biochar was characterised by Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) surface area, scanning electron microscopy with energy dispersive X-ray (SEM-EDX), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). Approximately, 98.2% of free fatty acid and 67.9% of soap content were successfully removed after purification at 0.05 g/L of activated biochar loading for 1 h. …”
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Characterizations of InN Thin Films Grown on Si (110) Substrate by Reactive Sputtering by Amirhoseiny, M., Hassan, Z., Ng, S. S., Ahmad, M. A.

“…The optical properties of InN layers were examined by micro-Raman and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) reflectance spectroscopy at room temperature. …”
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Exploration of a Chemo-Mechanical Technique for the Isolation of Nanofibrillated Cellulosic Fiber from Oil Palm Empty Fruit Bunch as a Reinforcing Agent in Composites Materials by Fatah, Ireana Yusra A., Khalil, H. P. S. Abdul, Hossain, Md. Sohrab, Aziz, Astimar A., Davoudpour, Yalda, Dungani, Rudi, Bhat, Amir

“…The structural analysis and the crystallinity of the raw fiber and extracted cellulose were carried out by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) and X-ray diffraction (XRD). …”
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Characterization Of Banana (Musa Acuminata × Balbisiana Cv. Awak) Pseudo-Stem Flour And Its Potential In The Development Of Novel Fibre-Rich Bread by Ho, Lee Hoon

“…Low yield and high crystallinity were obtained from bleached cellulose as confirmed by the fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and x-ray diffraction results. …”
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Effects Of Pre-Treatments On The Physicochemical And Functional Properties Of Musa Acuminata X Balbisiana Cv. Awak Flour by Chong, Li Choo

“…These structural changes reflected higher in-vitro starch digestibility (IVSD) and lower thermal behaviour of Awak flour. In Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy test, IR spectra of pre-treated Awak flour did not change significantly.…”
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Evaluation Of Burkholderia Sp. Usm (Jcm 15050) For The Production Of Copolymeric Polyhydroxyalkanoate Containing 3-Hydroxy-4- Methylvalerate Monomer by Lau, Nyok Sean

“…The structural properties of PHA containing 3H4MV monomer were investigated by using nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) and fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). The relative intensities of the bands at 1183 and 1228 cm-1 in the FTIR spectra enabled the rapid detection and differentiation of P(3HB-co-3H4MV) from other types of PHA.…”
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Effect Of Magnesium-Silicon Substitution On The Characteristics Of Carbonated Hydroxyapatite For Synthetic Bone by Zainudin, Harmiza

“…The incorporation of less than 1% of Mg and Si into the CHA lattice appears to have no direct effect on the phase composition, as evidenced by X-ray Diffraction (XRD) and Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) results. …”
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Development And Characterization Of Polylactic Acid/ Porous Corn Starch – Inclusion Complex Blend Film Containing Thymol by Loong, Ye Heng

“…The aim of this research was to fabricate a polylactic acid/porous corn starch – inclusion complex blend film with thymol as the active compound via co – precipitation for the formation of inclusion complex and compression molding for film formation, to determine its effect on the mechanical, thermal, and water vapor barrier properties of polylactic acid. Based on the Fourier - transform infrared spectroscopy result, absorption peaks observed in PLA – inclusion complex film samples, which corresponded to C=O stretching (1749.44 cm-1), C-H bending (1452.40, 1381.03, and 1359.82 cm-1), C-O stretching (1267.23, 1182.36, 1128.36, and 1082.07 cm-1), CO-O stretching (1045.42 cm-1), were found to be identical with pure polylactic acid film, indicating a high miscibility between inclusion complex and polylactic acid film. …”
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Development Of Nano-Sized Β-Cyclodextrin Polymers As An Adsorbent For The Effective Removal Of Phenolic Compounds From Aqueous Samples by Suwaibatu, Mamman

“…The adsorbents were characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), scanning electron microscope (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM), Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET), thermogravimetric analyzer (TGA) and X-ray Diffraction (XRD). 1H NMR spectroscopy was used to characterize the MAA-βCD and BPA-MAA-βCD inclusion complex. …”
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Effect Of Fiber Surface Treatment On Mechanical And Thermal Properties Of Polylactic Acid-Kenaf Fiber Composite by Chai, Poi Seng

“…The influence of fiber treatment on chemical and morphological properties of kenaf fiber was investigated with Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) and Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM). …”
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Effect Of Leaching Agents On Polyurethane Composite Scaffolds Containing Bioactive Glass by Lee, Angie

“…Bonding properties of scaffold samples were studied using Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR), whereas its pore morphology were studied using Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM). …”
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Fabrication And Characterization Of Ph-Responsive Poly(Ethylene Glycol) Methyl Ether Methacrylates_Poly(Acrylic Acid) Hydrogel by Salleh, Syahira Amira Mohd

“…The hydrogels were characterized to determine the chemical and mechanical properties as well as the responsive ability of hydrogels towards pH at different pH solution. The Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) Spectra showed that PEG/PAA hydrogels synthesized was successfully achieved as C-O-C stretching vibration peak was present. …”
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Potential Commercial Evaluation Of Kaolin Clay Deposit From Different Origin And Genesis by Aziz, Siti Nazalinda Abdul

“…They were analysed by using X-ray Diffraction (XRD), Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR), Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) with Energy Dispersive X-Ray (EDX), Differential Thermal Analysis (DTA) / Thermogravimetric Analysis (TGA) and X-ray Fluorescence (XRF) analysis. …”
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Curing Characteristics, Tensile And Morphological Properties Of Tea Waste Filled Natural Rubber Composites by Hamdan, Nur Zafirah

“…The tea waste powder was characterized by using Fourier Transform Infra-Red (FTIR) Spectroscopy and Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) testing. …”
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Effect Of Different Type Of Isocyanates On The Properties Of Shape Memory Polyurethane Elastomer Based On Palm Kernel Oil Polyol by Chai, Shir Ying

“…Several characterizations such as Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy, Differential Scanning Calorimetric, Thermal Gravimetric Analysis, X-ray Diffraction and tensile test were carried out to investigate the structural, thermal and mechanical properties of SMPUs. …”
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Photocatalytic Degradation Of Tetracycline In Aqueous Solution By Zno Quantum Dots/Tio2 Supported Catalysts by Saidu, Usman

“…The photocatalyts (xZnO QDs/TiO2; x= 3%, 5% 8% and 10%) were characterized using Xray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), atomic force microscopy (AFM), high resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM), field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), ultraviolet-visible diffuse reflectance spectroscopy (UV-vis DRS) Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), and photoluminescence (PL) analyses. …”
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Fish Bone Waste As Potential Source Of Apatite For Bone Replacement by Ivon, Tiew

“…HA/β-TCP/α-TCP scaffold obtained from 1400°C was chosen to transform into multiphasic HA/β-TCP/CO3Ap scaffold by dissolution-precipitation reaction with 2M of sodium carbonate (Na2CO3) at 200°C for 24 hours. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) analysis confirmed the presence of characteristic functional groups of carbonate after dissolution-precipitation reaction. …”
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Synthesis And Characterization Of Different Polyol Soft Segments In The Preparation Of Palm Kernel Oil Polyol Based Shape Memory Polyurethane by Mohmad Saridi, Mohamad Husaini

“…The SMPU was analyzed using different analytical techniques such as Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), shape memory and tensile testing. …”
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