Association between Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms of the Major Histocompatibility Complex Class II Gene and Newcastle Disease Virus Titre and Body Weight in Leung Hang Khao Chick... by A. Molee, K. Kongroi, P. Kuadsantia, C. Poompramun, B. Likitdecharote

“…The aim of the present study was to investigate the effect of single nucleotide polymorphisms in the major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class II gene on resistance to Newcastle disease virus and body weight of the Thai indigenous chicken, Leung Hang Khao (Gallus gallus domesticus). Blood samples were collected for single nucleotide polymorphism analysis from 485 chickens. …”
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The normal stages of development for the California valley quail. by Shelby M Perry, Jeffrey G Whitt, Kelly S Reyna

“…California valley quail embryos were staged and compared to domestic chicken (Gallus gallus domesticus), the staging standard for galliformes, as well as Japanese quail (Coturnix japonica), blue-breasted quail (Synoicus chinensis) and northern bobwhite quail (Colinus virginianus). …”
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Reference genes for quantitative gene expression studies in multiple avian species. by Philipp Olias, Iris Adam, Anne Meyer, Constance Scharff, Achim D Gruber

“…Here we report testing a set for 14 candidate reference genes (18S, ABL, GAPDH, GUSB, HMBS, HPRT, PGK1, RPL13, RPL19, RPS7, SDHA, TFRC, VIM, YWHAZ) on different tissues of the mallard (Anas platyrhynchos), domestic chicken (Gallus gallus domesticus), common crane (Grus grus), white-tailed eagle (Haliaeetus albicilla), domestic turkey (Meleagris gallopavo f. domestica), cockatiel (Nymphicus hollandicus), Humboldt penguin (Sphenicus humboldti), ostrich (Struthio camelus) and zebra finch (Taeniopygia guttata), spanning a broad range of the phylogenetic tree of birds. …”
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The increase of Lactobacillus species in the gut flora of newborn broiler chicks and ducks is associated with weight gain. by Emmanouil Angelakis, Didier Raoult

“…METHODOLOGY: Female broiler chicks (Gallus gallus domesticus) and ducks (Anas platyrhynchos domestica) were separated into one control and two experimental groups, and inoculated once or twice with 4x10(10)Lactobacillus spp. per animal in PBS, or with PBS alone. …”
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Effects of fatty acid treatments on the dexamethasone-induced intramuscular lipid accumulation in chickens. by Xiao juan Wang, Dai lin Wei, Zhi gang Song, Hong chao Jiao, Hai Lin

“…<h4>Methodology/principal findings</h4>The effect of dexamethasone (DEX) on fatty acid metabolism and storage in skeletal muscle of broiler chickens (Gallus gallus domesticus) was investigated with and without fatty acid treatments. …”
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Providing environmental enrichments can reduce subclinical spondylolisthesis prevalence without affecting performance in broiler chickens. by Marconi Italo Lourenço da Silva, Ibiara Correia de Lima Almeida Paz, Andressa Silva Jacinto, Marcos Antonio Nascimento Filho, Ana Beatriz Santos de Oliveira, Ingrid Grazieli Althman Dos Santos, Francine Dos Santos Mota, Fabiana Ribeiro Caldara, Leonie Jacobs

“…This study aimed to assess the effects of three environmental enrichments, specifically hay bales, step platforms, and laser lights, on subclinical spondylolisthesis prevalence, productivity, behavior, and gait of broiler chickens (Gallus gallus domesticus). Twenty-four hundred day-old male Ross® AP95 chicks from a commercial hatchery were used in a completely randomized design with four treatments and four replicate pens per treatment. …”
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Calcium Oxide Decomposed From Chicken’s and Goat’s Bones as Catalyst For Converting Discarded Cooking Oil to be Biodiesel by Aldes Lesbani, Yosine Susi, Marieska Verawaty, Risfidian Mohadi

“…Thermal decomposition of calcium oxide from chicken’s (Gallus gallus domesticus) and goat’s (Capra Hircus Aegragus) bones was prepared at temperature variations of 400, 500, 800, 900, 1000, and 1100 oC respectively. …”
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Decellularized Avian Cartilage, a Promising Alternative for Human Cartilage Tissue Regeneration by Joseph Atia Ayariga, Hanxiao Huang, Derrick Dean

“…In this work, we present, for the first time, a study of decellularized scaffolds, produced from avian articular cartilage (extracted from <i>Gallus Gallus domesticus</i>), reseeded with human chondrocytes, and we demonstrate for the first time that human chondrocytes survived, proliferated and interacted with the scaffolds. …”
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Effects of corticosterone and dietary energy on immune function of broiler chickens. by Jiachang Yang, Lei Liu, Ardashir Sheikhahmadi, Yufeng Wang, Congcong Li, Hongchao Jiao, Hai Lin, Zhigang Song

“…An experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of dietary energy level on the performance and immune function of stressed broiler chickens (Gallus gallus domesticus). A total of 96 three-day-old male broiler chickens (Ross × Ross) were divided into two groups. …”
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A Scale-Corrected Comparison of Linkage Disequilibrium Levels between Genic and Non-Genic Regions. by Swetlana Berger, Martin Schlather, Gustavo de los Campos, Steffen Weigend, Rudolf Preisinger, Malena Erbe, Henner Simianer

“…This was tested with a genome-wide approach with data sets for humans (Homo sapiens), a highly selected chicken line (Gallus gallus domesticus) and the model plant Arabidopsis thaliana. …”
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Development of locomotion over inclined surfaces in laying hens by C. LeBlanc, B. Tobalske, S. Bowley, A. Harlander-Matauschek

“…The purpose of the present study was to evaluate locomotor strategies during development in domestic chickens (Gallus gallus domesticus); we were motivated, in part, by current efforts to improve the design of housing systems for laying hens which aim to reduce injury and over-exertion. …”
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Effects of intracerebroventricular injection of corticotrophin releasing factor on the gene expression of ghrelin and corticotrophin releasing factor receptors in broiler chickens by Yuanli Cai, Zhigang Song

“…In trial 1, 32 male broiler chickens (Arbor Acres, Gallus gallus domesticus) were given ventricle buried tubes, and they were allowed to recover for 3 days. …”
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Morphological and meat quality of breast muscle of wild red jungle fowl and Malaysian indigenous chicken by Jafri, Nor Hasliza, Abu Bakar @ Zakaria, Md Zuki

“…The Malaysian indigenous or Gallus gallus Domesticus, commonly known as village chicken are crossbreed of the RJF with mixed exotic domestic breeds. …”
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Evaluation of the ejaculate quality of the red jungle fowl, domestic chicken, and bantam chicken in Malaysia by Abdul Malik, Haron, Abd Wahid, Yusoff, Rosnina, Nesa, M., Bukar, Muhammad Modu, Kasim, Azhar

“…The objective of this study was to investigate the semen quality of 3 chicken breeds: the red jungle fowl, domestic chicken, and bantam chicken (Gallus gallus domesticus). A total of 27 cocks, including 9 cocks each of red jungle fowl, domestic chicken, and bantam chicken, were used in this study. …”
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Social-pair judgment bias testing in slow-growing broiler chickens raised in low- or high-complexity environments by M. I. Lourenço-Silva, A. Ulans, A. M. Campbell, I. C. L. Almeida Paz, L. Jacobs

“…Abstract Impacts of environmental complexity on affective states in slow-growing broiler chickens (Gallus gallus domesticus) are unknown. Chickens’ performance in judgment bias tests (JBT) can be limited as they are tested individually, causing fear and anxiety. …”
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Effect of cytochrome P450 inhibition on toxicity of diclofenac in chickens: Unravelling toxicity in Gyps vultures by Sara Locke, Vinny Naidoo, Ibrahim Hassan, Neil Duncan

“…This is in striking comparison to the domestic chicken (Gallus gallus domesticus), in which the LD50 is ~10 mg/kg and the T1/2 is ~1 h. …”
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Primordial germ cell-mediated chimera technology produces viable pure-line Houbara bustard offspring: potential for repopulating an endangered species. by Ulrich Wernery, Chunhai Liu, Vijay Baskar, Zhor Guerineche, Kamal A Khazanehdari, Shazia Saleem, Jörg Kinne, Renate Wernery, Darren K Griffin, Il-Kuk Chang

“…Subsequently, Houbara tissue containing gonadal primordial germ cells (gPGCs) was injected into White Leghorn chicken (Gallus gallus domesticus) embryos, producing 83/138 surviving male chimeric embryos, of which 35 chimeric roosters reached sexual maturity after 5 months. …”
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Effect of ultra-diluted ethanol extract of Rhus toxicodendron SARS-CoV-2 Spike protein RBD induced inflammation in chick embryo by Sayak Ghosh, Debasmita Chatterjee, Pritam Goswami, Krishnendu Paira, Satadal Das

“…In this experiment, we studied whether ethanolic extracts of RT can inhibit Delta SARS-Cov-2 spike protein RBD-induced inflammation, leading to cytokine inequity in fertilized chick embryos (Gallus gallus domesticus). Inoculation of Delta SARS-CoV2 spike RBD protein was done in 14th-day-old chick embryos along with control, pre-, and post-treatment sets consisting of ultra-diluted RT extract. …”
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Effect of Collagen Supplementation in Broiler Feed: Influence on Productive Performance and Muscle Quality in Broiler Chicken by Ramesh Nurubhasha, Vijaya R. Dirisala, Satish Thirumalasetti, Hanumohan Reddy Konatham, Simhachalam G, Satheesh Ingilala, Sampath Kumar

“…A total of 16 male newly hatched broiler chickens (Gallus gallus domesticus) were fed with different formulated diets in 3 feeding phases, starter (1–11 d), grower (12-22 d) and finisher (23–33 d). …”
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Physical Pretreatments of Cassava Chips Influenced Chemical Composition, Physicochemical Properties, and In Vitro Digestibility in Animal Models by Suriyanee Takaeh, Sukanya Poolthajit, Waraporn Hahor, Nutt Nuntapong, Wanwisa Ngampongsai, Karun Thongprajukaew

“…In vitro carbohydrate digestibility based on digestive enzyme extracts from Nile tilapia (<i>Oreochromis niloticus</i>) suggests the microwaving method for cassava chips preparation, while microwaving, followed by extrusion or gamma irradiation, was suggested for broiler (<i>Gallus gallus domesticus</i>). There were no differences in the pepsin-cellulase digestibility values tested for the ruminant model. …”
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