A methodological note on the global Multidimensional Index (MPI) 2023 changes over time results for 84 countries by Alkire, S, Kanagaratnam, U, Suppa, N

“…<p>This Methodological Note presents the methodology and policies that underlie the harmonised level estimates and their changes over time in multidimensional poverty for 84 countries. 35 of the 84 countries have trends for three points in time; while poverty trends in 45 countries are based on two points in time. Four countries, Gambia, Mexico, Nigeria and Peru, have results for four points in time.…”

A coding polymorphism in matrix metalloproteinase 9 reduces risk of scarring sequelae of ocular Chlamydia trachomatisinfection by Natividad, A, Cooke, G, Holland, M, Burton, M, Joof, H, Rockett, K, Kwiatkowski, D, Mabey, D, Bailey, R

“…<br/><br/> <b>Methods:</b> We genotyped 651 case-control pairs from trachoma endemic villages in The Gambia for coding single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the MMP9 gene using the high-throughput Sequenom® system. …”

Broadly cross-reactive HIV-specific cytotoxic T-lymphocytes in highly-exposed persistently seronegative donors. by Rowland-Jones, S, Dong, T, Dorrell, L, Ogg, G, Hansasuta, P, Krausa, P, Kimani, J, Sabally, S, Ariyoshi, K, Oyugi, J, MacDonald, K, Bwayo, J, Whittle, H, Plummer, F, Mcmichael, A

“…In a small group of women exposed to both HIV-1 and HIV-2 in Gambia, studied over 4 years, we have repeatedly detected HLA-B35-restricted CTL which exhibit cross-reactivity between the HIV-1 and HIV-2 sequences of the CTL epitopes. …”

Association of the GNAS locus with severe malaria. by Auburn, S, Diakite, M, Fry, A, Ghansah, A, Campino, S, Richardson, A, Jallow, M, Sisay-Joof, F, Pinder, M, Griffiths, M, Peshu, N, Williams, T, Marsh, K, Molyneux, M, Taylor, T, Koram, K, Oduro, A, Rogers, W, Rockett, K, Haldar, K, Kwiatkowski, D

“…We sought to determine whether this signal pathway had an impact at the disease level by testing polymorphisms in the gene encoding G-alpha-s (GNAS) for association with severe malaria in a large multi-centre study encompassing family and case-control studies from The Gambia, Kenya and Malawi, and a case-control study from Ghana. …”

Insecticide-treated bednets reduce mortality and severe morbidity from malaria among children on the Kenyan coast. by Nevill, C, Some, E, Mung'ala, V, Mutemi, W, New, L, Marsh, K, Lengeler, C, Snow, R

“…Insecticide treated bednets (ITBN) have been shown, in one setting (The Gambia, West Africa), to reduce childhood mortality. …”

Antibodies to blood stage antigens of Plasmodium falciparum in rural Gambians and their relation to protection against infection. by Marsh, K, Otoo, L, Hayes, R, Carson, D, Greenwood, B

“…Cross-sectional and longitudinal studies were performed in a rural population living in The Gambia to examine the relationship between several in vitro assays of the host immune response to asexual stages of Plasmodium falciparum and protection from malaria in vivo. …”

Genetic susceptibility to tuberculosis in Africans: a genome-wide scan. by Bellamy, R, Beyers, N, McAdam, K, Ruwende, C, Gie, R, Samaai, P, Bester, D, Meyer, M, Corrah, T, Collin, M, Camidge, DR, Wilkinson, D, Hoal-Van Helden, E, Whittle, H, Amos, W, van Helden, P, Hill, A

“…In the first round of the screen, 299 highly informative genetic markers, spanning the entire human genome, were typed in 92 sibpairs from The Gambia and South Africa. Seven chromosomal regions that showed provisional evidence of coinheritance with clinical tuberculosis were identified. …”

Ankylosing spondylitis in West Africans--evidence for a non-HLA-B27 protective effect. by Brown, M, Jepson, A, Young, A, Whittle, H, Greenwood, B, Wordsworth, B

“…OBJECTIVE: To determine the prevalence of ankylosing spondylitis in the Fula ethnic group in The Gambia, and relate the disease prevalence to the B27 frequency and subtype distribution of that population. …”

Prevalence and boosting of antibodies to Plasmodium falciparum glycosylphosphatidylinositols and evaluation of their association with protection from mild and severe clinical malar... by de Souza, J, Todd, J, Krishegowda, G, Gowda, D, Kwiatkowski, D, Riley, E

“…To test this hypothesis, we have assessed the levels of anti-GPI antibodies in plasma from children and adults living in areas of seasonal malaria transmission in The Gambia. In a prospective study of susceptibility to clinical or asymptomatic infection, the levels of anti-GPI antibodies were measured before and after the transmission season. …”

Alternative molecular methods for improved detection of meningococcal carriage and measurement of bacterial density by Manigart, O, Okeakpu, J, Odutola, A, Maiden, M

“…<br/>Methods: Three pharyngeal swabs were collected from 999 pupils aged 10 to 18 years in The Gambia. Carriage of Nm was investigated using three different methods: (i) plating on Thayer-Martin selective medium and testing by conventional microbiological methods followed by PCR testing, (ii) seeding in Todd Hewitt broth (THB) and, after overnight culture, testing by PCR, (iii) compression of the swab on filter paper and, after DNA concentration, testing by PCR. …”

The gut microbiota pathway mechanisms of diabetes by Ousman Bajinka, Yurong Tan, Alansana Darboe, Isabella Gloria Ighaede-Edwards, Khalid A. Abdelhalim

Get full text

The Association Between Rainfall, Temperature, and Reported Drinking Water Source: A Multi‐Country Analysis by Andrea G. Buchwald, Evan Thomas, Kristopher B. Karnauskas, Elise Grover, Karen Kotloff, Elizabeth J. Carlton

“…We assessed the relationship between temperature and rainfall and utilization of basic drinking water (BDW) in The Gambia, Mozambique, Pakistan, and Kenya. The outcomes of interest were (a) whether the reported drinking water source used in the past 2 weeks met the World Health Organization definition of BDW and (b) use of a BDW source that was always available. …”
Get full text

How freedom of movement infringes on the right to leave by Christina Oelgemöller

“…I do so by focusing on the interaction between freedom of movement and the right to leave in the ECOWAS area, drawing on original research material collected mainly in Abuja, Nigeria, but also in Senegal, Guinea, and The Gambia. It is argued that freedom of movement provisions, as they are promoted by the ECOWAS and largely funded by inter-governmental organizations and European donor countries, end up infringing the right to leave. …”
Get full text

Concise gene signature for point‐of‐care classification of tuberculosis by Jeroen Maertzdorf, Gayle McEwen, January Weiner 3rd, Song Tian, Eric Lader, Ulrich Schriek, Harriet Mayanja‐Kizza, Martin Ota, John Kenneth, Stefan HE Kaufmann

Get full text

Female genital cutting: current practices and beliefs in western Africa by Heather L Sipsma, Peggy G Chen, Angela Ofori-Atta, Ukwuoma O Ilozumba, Kapouné Karfo, Elizabeth H Bradley

“…FINDINGS: The prevalence of FGC was high overall but varied substantially across countries in western Africa. In Sierra Leone, Gambia, Burkina Faso and Mauritania, the prevalence of FGC was 94%, 79%, 74% and 72%, respectively, whereas in Ghana, Niger and Togo prevalence was less than 6%. …”
Get full text

Beyond good intentions: lessons on equipment donation from an African hospital by Stephen RC Howie, Sarah E Hill, David Peel, Momodou Sanneh, Malick Njie, Philip C Hill, Kim Mulholland, Richard A Adegbola

“…OBJECTIVE: In 2000, a referral hospital in the Gambia accepted a donation of oxygen concentrators to help maintain oxygen supplies. …”
Get full text

A global bibliometric analysis of research productivity on vaccine hesitancy from 1974 to 2019 by Anelisa Jaca, Chinwe J. Iwu-Jaja, Yusentha Balakrishna, Elizabeth Pienaar, Charles S. Wiysonge

“…When the number of publications were standardized by GDP, the Gambia, Somalia and Malawi ranked highest in decreasing order. …”
Get full text

Genome-wide association testing in malaria studies in the presence of overdominance by Morine Akoth, John Odhiambo, Bernard Omolo

“…Case–control genotype data on malaria from Kenya and Gambia were used for validation. Results and conclusion Results showed that the allelic test returned some false negatives under the heterosis model, suggesting reduced power in testing genetic association. …”
Get full text

Identity, Social Mobility, and Trauma: Post-Conflict Educational Realities for Survivors of the Rohingya Genocide by Naved Bakali, Shujaat Wasty

“…The crisis has been recognized as genocide by officials from several countries including Canada, France, Gambia, Malaysia, Pakistan, Philippines, and Turkey. …”
Get full text

Prevalence and risk factors of hypertension among public servants in Ejisu-Juaben municipality, Ghana by Bernice Agyemang-Pambour, Isaac Osei, Estella Antoinette Boateng-Osei, Alexander Kwarteng, Veronica Dzomeku

Get full text