Protein profiling in hepatocellular carcinoma by label-free quantitative proteomics in two west African populations by Fye, H, Wright-Drakesmith, C, Kramer, H, Camey, S, Nogueira Da Costa, A, Jeng, A, Bah, A, Kirk, G, Sharif, M, Ladep, N, Okeke, E, Hainaut, P, Taylor-Robinson, S, Kessler, B, Mendy, M

“…ELISA assays were performed on four significantly differentially expressed proteins to validate their expression profiles in subjects from the Gambia and a pilot group from Nigeria. Results from this were collated for statistical multiplexing using logistic regression analysis. …”

Risk factors for mortality from imported falciparum malaria in the United Kingdom over 20 years: an observational study. by Checkley, A, Smith, A, Smith, V, Blaze, M, Bradley, D, Chiodini, P, Whitty, C

“…Case fatality was particularly high from the Gambia. There was an inverse correlation in mortality between region of presentation and number of cases seen in the region (R(2) = 0.72, P<0.001). …”

Diagnostic accuracy of the Cepheid 3-gene host response fingerstick blood test in a prospective, multi-site study: interim results by Sutherland, JS, van der Spuy, G, Gindeh, A, Thuong, NT, Namuganga, AR, Owolabi, O, Mayanja-Kizza, H, Nsereko, M, Thwaites, G, Winter, J, Dockrell, HM, Scriba, TJ, Geluk, A, Corstjens, P, Stanley, K, Richardson, T, Shaw, JA, Smith, B, Malherbe, ST, Walzl, G

“…Methods Fingerstick blood from adults presenting with symptoms compatible with TB in South Africa, The Gambia, Uganda, and Vietnam was analyzed using the Cepheid GeneXpert MTB-HR prototype. …”

Observational Study of Vaccine Efficacy 24 Years after the Start of Hepatitis B Vaccination in Two Gambian Villages: No Need for a Booster Dose by Mendy, M, Peterson, I, Hossin, S, Peto, T, Jobarteh, M, Jeng-Barry, A, Sidibeh, M, Jatta, A, Moore, S, Hall, A, Whittle, H

“…There is no compelling evidence for the use of a booster dose of HBV vaccine in The Gambia.…”

Examining the relationship between genetic variation at G6PD and severe malaria by Shah, SS

“…Finally, Chapter 7 addresses the malaria protection hypothesis directly by conducting a fine-mapping case-control association study of severe malaria in the Gambia, where I found that G6PD deficiency alleles exhibited differential direction of association with respect to two important clinical syndromes-- trending towards risk conferred to severe malarial anemia, and protection with respect to cerebral malaria. …”

Risk factors for mortality from imported falciparum malaria in the United Kingdom over 20 years: An observational study by Checkley, A, Smith, A, Smith, V, Blaze, M, Bradley, D, Chiodini, P, Whitty, C

“…Case fatality was particularly high from the Gambia. There was an inverse correlation in mortality between region of presentation and number of cases seen in the region (R 2=0.72, P<0.001). …”

Impact of social stigma on the process of obtaining informed consent for genetic research on podoconiosis: a qualitative study by Tekola, F, Bull, S, Farsides, B, Newport, M, Adeyemo, A, Rotimi, C, Davey, G

“…<br/><br/> <b>Methods:</b> We adapted a rapid assessment tool validated in The Gambia. The methodology was qualitative involving focus-group discussions (n = 4) and in-depth interviews (n = 25) with community members, fieldworkers, researchers and staff of the Mossy Foot Treatment and Prevention Association (MFTPA) working on prevention and treatment of podoconiosis.…”

The relationship between wasting and stunting: a retrospective cohort analysis of longitudinal data in Gambian children from 1976 to 2016. by Schoenbuchner, SM, Dolan, C, Mwangome, M, Hall, A, Richard, SA, Wells, JC, Khara, T, Sonko, B, Prentice, AM, Moore, SE

“…Methods This study involved a retrospective cohort analysis, based on growth-monitoring records spanning 4 decades from clinics in rural Gambia. Anthropometric data collected at scheduled infant welfare clinics were converted to z scores, comprising 64,342 observations on 5160 subjects (median: 12 observations per individual). …”

Further evidence supporting a role for gs signal transduction in severe malaria pathogenesis by Auburn, S, Fry, A, Clark, T, Campino, S, Diakite, M, Green, A, Richardson, A, Jallow, M, Sisay-Joof, F, Pinder, M, Molyneux, M, Taylor, T, Haldar, K, Rockett, K, Kwiatkowski, D

“…Using meta-analysis across case-control and family trio (affected child and parental controls) studies of severe malaria from The Gambia and Malawi, we sought evidence of association in six Gs pathway candidate genes: adenosine receptor 2A (ADORA2A) and 2B (ADORA2B), beta-adrenergic receptor kinase 1 (ADRBK1), adenylyl cyclase 9 (ADCY9), G protein beta subunit 3 (GNB3), and regulator of G protein signalling 2 (RGS2). …”

Pelan tindakan strategik pengantarabangsaan Bahasa Melayu by Awang Sariyan

“…Pada masa ini, bahasa Melayu belum sampai pada tahap bahasa antarabangsa yang dominan sebagaimana halnya dengan bahasa Inggeris yang telah menjadi bahasa ibunda atau bahasa pertama lebih 45 peratus penduduk 10 buah negara di dunia seperti United Kingdom, Ireland, Australia, New Zealand, Barbados, Jamaica, Trinidad, Amerika Syarikat, Kanada dan Guyana (Fishman et al. 1977), menjadi bahasa rasmi atau bahasa kedua di Botswana, Cameroon, Fiji, Gambia, Ghana, India, Lesotho, Liberia, Malawai, Malta, Mauritius, Namibia, Nauru, Nigeria, Filipina, Zimbabwe, Sierra Leone, Singapura, Afrika Selatan, Swaziland, Tanzania, Tonga, Uganda, Saomoa Barat dan Zambia (Richards 1991). …”
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An Econometric Analysis of Clean Energy Supply and Industrial Development in Nigeria: Implications for Sustainable Development by Timothy Ayomitunde Aderemi, Abidemi Alejo, Olufemi Samuel Omoyele, Olusegun Peter Olaoye, Wahid Damilola Olanipekun, Dominic Ezinwa Azuh

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Emergency preparedness capacity of a university hospital in Ghana: a cross-sectional study by Estella Antoinette Boateng-Osei, Isaac Osei, Abigail Kusi-Amponsah Diji, Bernice Agyeman Pambour, Rejoice Wireko-Gyebi, Portia Okyere, Alberta Yemotsoo Lomotey

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Rural-urban disparities in missed opportunities for vaccination in sub-Saharan Africa: a multi-country decomposition analyses by Abdu A. Adamu, Olalekan A. Uthman, Evanson Z. Sambala, Duduzile Ndwandwe, Alison B. Wiyeh, Tawa Olukade, Ghose Bishwajit, Sanni Yaya, Jean-Marie Okwo-Bele, Charles S. Wiysonge

“…The magnitude of MOV in rural areas varied from 18.0% (95% CI 14.7 to 21.4) in the Gambia to 85.2% (81.2 to 88.9) in Gabon. Out of the 35 countries included in this analysis, pro-rural inequality was observed in 16 countries (i.e. …”
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Feasibility of dynamic chest radiography to calculate lung volumes in adult people with cystic fibrosis: a pilot study by Matthew Shaw, Thomas Simon FitzMaurice, Paul Stephen McNamara, Dilip Nazareth, Caroline McCann, Martin Walshaw, Scott Hawkes

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Association between sexual violence and multiple high-risk fertility behaviours among women of reproductive age in sub-Saharan Africa by Richard Gyan Aboagye, Irene Esi Donkoh, Joshua Okyere, Abdul-Aziz Seidu, Bright Opoku Ahinkorah, Sanni Yaya

“…Burundi (20.58%) and the Gambia (2.88%) reported the highest and lowest proportions, respectively. …”
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Promising impact of push–pull configuration into designed octacyclic naphthalene-based organic scaffolds for nonlinear optical amplitudes: a quantum chemical approach by Muhammad Khalid, Iqra Shafiq, Muhammad Adnan Asghar, Ataualpa Albert Carmo Braga, Saad M. Alshehri, Muhammad Haroon, Muhammed Lamin Sanyang

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<A NAME="top"></A>Family history: an opportunity for early interventions and improved control of hypertension, obesity and diabetes by Marianne A.B. van der Sande, Gijs E.L. Walraven, Paul J.M. Milligan, Winston A.S. Banya, Sana M. Ceesay, Ousman A. Nyan, Keith P.W.J. McAdam

“…OBJECTIVE: To examine whether a family history of high-risk groups for major noncommunicable diseases (NCDs) was a significant risk factor for these conditions among family members in a study population in the Gambia, where strong community and family coherence are important determinants that have to be taken into consideration in promoting lifestyle changes. …”
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Comparative study of nutritional properties and antioxidant activity of raw and fermented (black) garlic by Zunaira Tahir, Farhan Saeed, Farhana Nosheen, Aftab Ahmed, Faqir M. Anjum

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Beyond translations, perspectives for researchers to consider to enhance comprehension during consent processes for health research in sub-saharan Africa: a scoping review by Nkosi Busisiwe, Janet Seeley, Ann Strode, Michael Parker

“…Results Out of the 50 studies included most were multi-country (n = 13) followed by single country studies in South Africa (n = 12); Kenya, Tanzania, Uganda (n = 5) each; Gambia, Ghana and Nigeria (n = 2)each ; and one each for Botswana, Malawi, Mali, Mozambique. …”
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Bronchodilator-responsive bronchiolar obstruction in term neonates: a case series  by Beatrice N. Ezenwa, Abdou Gai, Ellen Kujabi, Abdoulie Garba, Yarreh Suso, Abdulwahab Sallah, Egbuna O. Obidike

“…The six cases presented to us, in Edward Francis Small Teaching Hospital (EFSTH), Banjul, The Gambia, in the newborn period with clinical features suggesting obstruction with airway reactivity with response to bronchodilator treatment are presented here. …”
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