TAF15 regulates the BRD4/GREM1 axis and activates the gremlin-1-NF-κB pathway to promote OA progression by Xiufan Du, Ruomei Xin, Xiaoyan Chen, Guangji Wang, Chunhang Huang, Kai Zhou, Shunli Zhang

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Extracellular BMP Antagonists, Multifaceted Orchestrators in the Tumor and Its Microenvironment by Sarah Ouahoud, James C.H. Hardwick, Lukas J.A.C. Hawinkels

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Istraživanja u području grafovskih baza podataka by Kornelije Rabuzin, Robert Kudelić

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Serum Osteopontin, KL-6, and Syndecan-4 as Potential Biomarkers in the Diagnosis of Coal Workers’ Pneumoconiosis: A Case–Control Study by Hou Z, Zhang X, Gao Y, Geng J, Jiang Y, Dai H, Wang C

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Atrial cardiomyocytes development from human induced pluripotent stem cells by Yuan, M

“…</p> <p>Morphologically, human iPSC-derived cardiomyocytes treated with Gremlin 2 and RA recapitulated human adult atrial cardiomyocyte features. …”

Branched Chain Amino Acids Protects Rat Mesangial Cells from High Glucose by Modulating TGF-β1 and BMP-7 by Zhang X, Liu D, He Y, Lou K, Zheng D, Han W

“…The expression of TGF-&beta;1, gremlin, p-Smd2/3 and FN mRNA or protein in the HG group was higher than that in the CON group. …”
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FGF signalling restricts haematopoietic stem cell specification via modulation of the BMP pathway. by Pouget, C, Peterkin, T, Simões, F, Lee, Y, Traver, D, Patient, R

“…Our results demonstrate that FGF signalling normally acts to repress BMP activity in the subaortic mesenchyme through transcriptional inhibition of bmp4, as well as through activation of two BMP antagonists, noggin2 and gremlin1a. Taken together, these findings demonstrate a key role for FGF signalling in establishment of the developmental HSC niche via its regulation of BMP activity in the subaortic mesenchyme. …”

Features of patients with hereditary mixed polyposis syndrome caused by duplication of GREM1 and implications for screening and surveillance by Lieberman, S, Walsh, T, Schechter, M, Adar, T, Goldin, E, Beeri, R, Sharon, N, Baris, H, Ben Avi, L, Half, E, Lerer, I, Shirts, B, Pritchard, C, Tomlinson, I, King, M, Levy-Lahad, E, Peretz, T, Goldberg, Y

“…Hereditary mixed polyposis syndrome is a rare colon cancer predisposition syndrome caused by a duplication of a non-coding sequence near the gremlin 1, DAN family BMP antagonist gene (GREM1) originally described in Ashkenazi Jews. …”

GLI3 constrains digit number by controlling both progenitor proliferation and BMP-dependent exit to chondrogenesis. by Lopez-Rios, J, Speziale, D, Robay, D, Scotti, M, Osterwalder, M, Nusspaumer, G, Galli, A, Holländer, G, Kmita, M, Zeller, R

“…Furthermore, GLI3 promotes the exit of proliferating progenitors toward BMP-dependent chondrogenic differentiation by spatiotemporally restricting and terminating the expression of the BMP antagonist Gremlin1. Thus, Gli3 is a negative regulator of the proliferative expansion of digit progenitors and acts as a gatekeeper for the exit to chondrogenic differentiation.…”

Loss of Grem1-lineage chondrogenic progenitor cells causes osteoarthritis by Jia Q. Ng, Toghrul H. Jafarov, Christopher B. Little, Tongtong Wang, Abdullah M. Ali, Yan Ma, Georgette A. Radford, Laura Vrbanac, Mari Ichinose, Samuel Whittle, David J. Hunter, Tamsin R. M. Lannagan, Nobumi Suzuki, Jarrad M. Goyne, Hiroki Kobayashi, Timothy C. Wang, David R. Haynes, Danijela Menicanin, Stan Gronthos, Daniel L. Worthley, Susan L. Woods, Siddhartha Mukherjee

“…Here we show that the BMP-antagonist Gremlin 1 (Grem1) marks a bipotent chondrogenic and osteogenic progenitor cell population within the articular surface. …”
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Negative autoregulation of BMP dependent transcription by SIN3B splicing reveals a role for RBM39. by Faherty, N, Benson, M, Sharma, E, Lee, A, Howarth, A, Lockstone, H, Ebner, D, Bhattacharya, S

“…BMP signalling is negatively autoregulated by several genes including SMAD6, Noggin and Gremlin, and autoregulators are possible targets for enhancing BMP signalling in disorders such as fibrosis and pulmonary hypertension. …”

GREM1 is a potential biomarker for the progression and prognosis of bladder cancer by Peng-cheng Jiang, Li-zhe Xu, Jin-zhuo Ning, Fan Cheng

“…Abstract Background Gremlin-1 (GREM1) is a protein closely related to tumor growth, although its function in bladder cancer (BCa) is currently unknown. …”
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A second wave of Sonic hedgehog expression during the development of the bat limb. by Hockman, D, Cretekos, C, Mason, M, Behringer, R, Jacobs, D, Illing, N

“…Sonic hedgehog (Shh) plays an integral role in both the anterior-posterior (A-P) patterning and expansion of developing vertebrate limbs through a feedback loop involving Fgfs, Bmps, and Gremlin. In bat limbs A-P patterning and the size of the digital field are unique. …”

Bromelain enhances the anti-tumor effects of cisplatin on 4T1 breast tumor model in vivo by Mohamad, Nurul Elyani, Abu, Nadiah, Swee, Keong Yeap, Alitheen, Noorjahan Banu

“…Also, bromelain alone and combination treatment showed downregulation of the expression of tumor inflammatory genes (Gremlin [GREM1], interleukin 1β [IL-1β], interleukin-4 [IL-4], nuclear factor κB subunit 1 [NFκB1], and prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2 [PTGS2]), tumor nitric oxide level, and serum IL-1β, and IL-4 levels. …”
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A ROCK inhibitor suppresses the transforming growth factor-beta-2-induced endothelial–mesenchymal transition in Schlemm’s canal endothelial cells by Tomokazu Fujimoto, Miyuki Inoue-Mochita, Toshihiro Inoue

“…Moreover, TGF-β2 decreased mRNA levels of bone morphogenetic protein (BMP) 4 and increased those of the BMP antagonist gremlin (GREM1), but Y-27632 significantly suppressed these changes. …”
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Severe polyposis in Apc(1322T) mice is associated with submaximal Wnt signalling and increased expression of the stem cell marker Lgr5. by Lewis, A, Segditsas, S, Deheragoda, M, Pollard, P, Jeffery, R, Nye, E, Lockstone, H, Davis, H, Clark, S, Stamp, G, Poulsom, R, Wright, N, Tomlinson, I

“…In addition, expression of the Bmp antagonist Gremlin1 was higher in 1322T tumours, together with lower Bmp2 and Bmp4 expression. …”

The Role of Mesothelin in Activation of Portal Fibroblasts in Cholestatic Liver Injury by Takahiro Nishio, Yukinori Koyama, Hiroaki Fuji, Kei Ishizuka, Keiko Iwaisako, Kojiro Taura, Etsuro Hatano, David A. Brenner, Tatiana Kisseleva

“…In liver fibrosis, activated Hepatic Stellate Cells (aHSCs) and activated Portal Fibroblasts (aPFs) are the major contributors to the origin of hepatic myofibroblasts. aPFs are significantly involved in the pathogenesis of cholestatic fibrosis, suggesting that aPFs may be a primary target for anti-fibrotic therapy in cholestatic injury. aPFs are distinguishable from aHSCs by specific markers including mesothelin (Msln), Mucin 16 (Muc16), and Thymus cell antigen 1 (Thy1, CD90) as well as fibulin 2, elastin, Gremlin 1, ecto-ATPase nucleoside triphosphate diphosphohydrolase 2. …”
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Recent developments on BMPs and their antagonists in inflammatory bowel diseases by Zhuo Xie, Gaoshi Zhou, Mudan Zhang, Jing Han, Ying Wang, Xiaoling Li, Qirui Wu, Manying Li, Shenghong Zhang

“…Evidence has shown that BMPs (especially BMP4/6/7) and BMP antagonists (especially Gremlin1 and follistatin-like protein 1) play essential roles in IBD pathogenesis. …”
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Principais genes implicados na aquisição de competência oocitária by Letícia Ferrari Crocomo, Fernanda da Cruz Landim-Alvarenga, Sony Dimas Bicudo

“…Neste contexto de controle gênico, alguns transcritos se destacam por sua importância nos eventos que regem a aquisição de competência oocitária e o embriogênese inicial como o MATER, ZAR1, GDF9, BMP15, BAX e BCL2, expressos nos oócitos, além do PTGS2, PTX3, HSA2, TNFAIP6 e GREMLIN, expressos nas células do cumulus. Sendo assim, dada a relevância do tema, esta revisão tem como intuito explorar a interação oócito-cumulus e compilar o conhecimento referente à função e perfil de expressão dos principais transcritos maternos considerados imprescindíveis para o adequado desenvolvimento oocitário e embrionário.…”
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Irradiation and lithium treatment alter the global DNA methylation pattern and gene expression underlying a shift from gliogenesis towards neurogenesis in human neural progenitors by Christina Neofytou, Alexandra Backlund, Klas Blomgren, Ola Hermanson

“…Interestingly, IR and IR + LiCl treatment affected the promoter methylation and expression of several genes encoding factors involved in BMP signaling, including the BMP antagonist gremlin1. We propose that lithium in addition to promoting neuronal differentiation, also represses glial differentiation in hNSPCs with DNA methylation regulation being a key mechanism of action.…”
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