Evolution of Resistance to Irinotecan in Cancer Cells Involves Generation of Topoisomerase-Guided Mutations in Non-Coding Genome That Reduce the Chances of DNA Breaks by Santosh Kumar, Valid Gahramanov, Shivani Patel, Julia Yaglom, Lukasz Kaczmarczyk, Ivan A. Alexandrov, Gabi Gerlitz, Mali Salmon-Divon, Michael Y. Sherman

“…Surprisingly, cancer cells had a higher number of such sites than the reference genome, which may define their increased sensitivity to irinotecan. Homologous recombination repairs of DNA double-strand breaks at these sites following initial drug exposures gradually reverted cleavage-sensitive “cancer” sequences back to cleavage-resistant “normal” sequences. …”
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<i>Let-7i</i> Reduces Aggressive Phenotype and Induces <i>BRCAness</i> in Ovarian Cancer Cells by Evgeny Chirshev, Tise Suzuki, Hanmin Wang, Anthony Nguyen, Nozomi Hojo, Linda Sanderman, Saied Mirshahidi, Yevgeniya J. Ioffe, Juli J. Unternaehrer

“…We also show that <i>let-7i</i> inhibits the expression of several factors involved in the homologous recombination repair (HRR) pathway, providing potential mechanisms by which the <i>BRCA</i>ness phenotype could be induced. …”
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Querying Recombination Junctions of Replication-Competent Adeno-Associated Viruses in Gene Therapy Vector Preparations with Single Molecule, Real-Time Sequencing by Mitchell Yip, Jing Chen, Yan Zhi, Ngoc Tam Tran, Suk Namkung, Eric Pastor, Guangping Gao, Phillip W. L. Tai

“…We present evidence that sequence-independent and non-homologous recombination between the ITR-bearing transgene and the <i>rep</i>/<i>cap</i> plasmid occurs under several events and rcAAVs spawn from diverse clones.…”
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Direct screening for chromatin status on DNA barcodes in yeast delineates the regulome of H3K79 methylation by Dot1 by Hanneke Vlaming, Thom M Molenaar, Tibor van Welsem, Deepani W Poramba-Liyanage, Desiree E Smith, Arno Velds, Liesbeth Hoekman, Tessy Korthout, Sjoerd Hendriks, AF Maarten Altelaar, Fred van Leeuwen

“…These include histone deposition, homologous recombination, and adenosine kinase, which influences the methionine cycle. …”
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Construction of recombinant pseudorabies virus expressing PCV2 Cap, PCV3 Cap, and IL-4: investigation of their biological characteristics and immunogenicity by Yanting Yang, Zhiwen Xu, Qian Tao, Lei Xu, Sirui Gu, Yao Huang, Zheyan Liu, Yang Zhang, Jianhua Wen, Siyuan Lai, Ling Zhu

“…The two recombinant strains obtained by CRISPR/Cas gE gene editing technology and homologous recombination technology has genetic stability in baby hamster Syrian kidney-21 (BHK-21) cells and is safe to mice.ResultsrPRV-2Cap/3Cap and rPRV-2Cap/3Cap/IL4 exhibited good safety and immunogenicity in mice, inducing high levels of antibodies, demonstrated 100% protection against the PRV challenge in mice, reduced viral loads and mitigated pathological changes in the heart, lungs, spleen, and lymph nodes during PCV2 challenge. …”
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Testicular Germ Cell Tumors Acquire Cisplatin Resistance by Rebalancing the Usage of DNA Repair Pathways by Cinzia Caggiano, Francesca Cavallo, Teresa Giannattasio, Gioia Cappelletti, Pellegrino Rossi, Paola Grimaldi, Darren R. Feldman, Maria Jasin, Marco Barchi

“…Dampening of NHEJ was accompanied by a functional increase in the repair of DNA double-strand breaks (DSBs) by the homologous recombination repair pathway. As a result, cisplatin-resistant cells were more resistant to PARP inhibitor (PARPi) monotherapy. …”
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DNA Repair and Ovarian Carcinogenesis: Impact on Risk, Prognosis and Therapy Outcome by Kristyna Tomasova, Andrea Cumova, Karolina Seborova, Josef Horak, Kamila Koucka, Ludmila Vodickova, Radka Vaclavikova, Pavel Vodicka

“…We have attempted to expose molecular hallmarks of ovarian cancer with a focus on DNA repair system and scrutinized genetic, epigenetic, functional, and protein alterations in individual DNA repair pathways (homologous recombination, non-homologous end-joining, DNA mismatch repair, base- and nucleotide-excision repair, and direct repair). …”
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Inhibition of BRCA2 and Thymidylate Synthase Creates Multidrug Sensitive Tumor Cells via the Induction of Combined “Complementary Lethality” by Mateusz Rytelewski, Peter J Ferguson, Saman Maleki Vareki, Rene Figueredo, Mark Vincent, James Koropatnick

“…BRCA2 mediates homologous recombination repair, and BRCA2 polymorphisms increase cancer risk. …”
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Enhanced immune response outperform aggressive cancer biology and is associated with better survival in triple-negative breast cancer by Masanori Oshi, Ankit Patel, Rongrong Wu, Lan Le, Yoshihisa Tokumaru, Akimitsu Yamada, Li Yan, Ryusei Matsuyama, Takashi Ishikawa, Itaru Endo, Kazuaki Takabe

“…A high score was associated with high levels of intratumor heterogeneity, homologous recombination defects, mutation rate, histological grade, advanced stage, and lymph node metastasis. …”
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Role of Ttca of Citrobacter Werkmanii in Bacterial Growth, Biocides Resistance, Biofilm Formation and Swimming Motility by Gang Zhou, Ying-Si Wang, Hong Peng, Xiao-Mo Huang, Xiao-Bao Xie, Qing-Shan Shi

“…In addition, the tRNA 2-thiocytidine (32) synthetase gene (ttcA) was deleted through homologous recombination and the resulting phenotypic changes of the &Delta;ttcA mutant were studied. …”
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Targeted Disruption of the MORG1 Gene in Mice Causes Embryonic Resorption in Early Phase of Development by Sophie Wulf, Luisa Mizko, Karl-Heinz Herrmann, Marta Sánchez-Carbonell, Anja Urbach, Cornelius Lemke, Alexander Berndt, Ivonne Loeffler, Gunter Wolf

“…To obtain further insight into the role of MORG1, knockout-mice were generated by homologous recombination. While Morg1+/− mice developed normally without any apparent phenotype, there were no live-born Morg1−/− knockout offspring, indicating embryonic lethality. …”
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Structure and dynamics of the chromatin remodeler ALC1 bound to a PARylated nucleosome by Luka Bacic, Guillaume Gaullier, Anton Sabantsev, Laura C Lehmann, Klaus Brackmann, Despoina Dimakou, Mario Halic, Graeme Hewitt, Simon J Boulton, Sebastian Deindl

“…ALC1 has emerged as a candidate drug target for cancer therapy as its loss confers synthetic lethality in homologous recombination-deficient cells. However, structure-based drug design and molecular analysis of ALC1 have been hindered by the requirement for PARylation and the highly heterogeneous nature of this post-translational modification. …”
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Apalutamide Sensitizes Prostate Cancer to Ionizing Radiation via Inhibition of Non-Homologous End-Joining DNA Repair by Wenhao Zhang, Chen-Yi Liao, Hajar Chtatou, Luca Incrocci, Dik C. van Gent, Wytske M. van Weerden, Julie Nonnekens

“…RAD51 and DNA-dependent protein kinase catalytic subunit (DNA-PKcs) levels were determined by Western blotting. Homologous recombination (HR) capacity was measured with the directed repeats-green fluorescent protein (DR-GFP) assay. …”
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Oxidative guanine base damage plays a dual role in regulating productive ALT-associated homology-directed repair by Sanjana A. Thosar, Ryan P. Barnes, Ariana Detwiler, Ragini Bhargava, Anne Wondisford, Roderick J. O’Sullivan, Patricia L. Opresko

“…Here, we demonstrate that targeted 8oxoG formation at telomeres stimulates ALT activity and homologous recombination specifically in ALT cancer cells. …”
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Site-specific gene knock-in and bacterial phytase gene expression in Chlamydomonas reinhardtii via Cas9 RNP-mediated HDR by Hassan Zadabbas Shahabadi, Hassan Zadabbas Shahabadi, Hassan Zadabbas Shahabadi, Arash Akbarzadeh, Hamideh Ofoghi, Saeid Kadkhodaei

“…In the present study, we applied the HDR (homology-directed DNA repair) CRISPR-Cas9-mediated knock-in system to accurately insert an optimized foreign bacterial phytase gene at a specific site of the nitrate reductase (NR) gene (exon 2) to achieve homologous recombination with the stability of the transgene and reduce insertion site effects or gene silencing. …”
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An Assay to Study Intra-Chromosomal Deletions in Yeast by Bailey E. Lucas, Matthew T. McPherson, Tila M. Hawk, Lexia N. Wilson, Jacob M. Kroh, Kyle G. Hickman, Sean R. Fitzgerald, W. Miguel Disbennett, P. Daniel Rollins, Hannah M. Hylton, Mohammed A. Baseer, Paige N. Montgomery, Jian-Qiu Wu, Ruben C. Petreaca

“…Repair may occur by homologous recombination, of which many different sub-pathways have been identified. …”
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inPOSE: A Flexible Toolbox for Chromosomal Cloning and Amplification of Bacterial Transgenes by Ranti Dev Shukla, Ágnes Zvara, Ákos Avramucz, Alona Yu. Biketova, Akos Nyerges, László G. Puskás, Tamás Fehér

“…Transgene insertion can take place either as transposition or homologous recombination, and copy number amplification is achieved using controlled copy-paste transposition. …”
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Role of DVC1 in repair of nitrogen mustard-induced DNA protein crosslink in human bronchial epithelial cells by CHENG Jin, YU Wenpei, YE Feng

“…DVC1 promotes the clearance of nitrogen mustard induced DNA-protein crossslink by interacting with ubiquitin, and maintain the ability of homologous recombination repair. …”
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The molecular biological characteristics of Vibrio vulnificus isolated in Guangzhou by ZHANG Jing, CHEN Huiling, HE Peng, HOU Shuiping, BAI Zhijun, TAO Xia, WU Xinwei

“…The species also carries 23 virulence genes in five classes encoding flagellin， type Ⅱ secretory system protein， capsular polysaccharide， RtxA toxin， iron overload， and other virulence-related genes.ConclusionVibrio vulnificus in Guangzhou undergoes highly homologous recombination and carries a variety of antimicrobial resistance genes and virulence-related genes. …”
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Replication Fork Progression during Re-replication Requires the DNA Damage Checkpoint and Double-Strand Break Repair by Barrasa, M. Inmaculada, Orr-Weaver, Terry, Alexander, Jessica Lynne

“…Fork progression is reduced in the absence of DNA damage checkpoint components and nonhomologous end-joining (NHEJ), but not homologous recombination. NHEJ appears to continually repair forks during re-replication to maintain elongation.…”
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