The Obligations on Government and Society in our Constitutional State to Respect and Support Independent Constitutional Structures by LWH Ackermann

“…By contrast, the independent institutions envisaged in section 181 of the Constitution are expressly made accountable to the National Assembly and are obliged to report on their activities and the performance of their functions to the Assembly at least once a year. …”
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Old Tatar Quarter of Kazan – the center of Tatar education of the 19th – early 20th centuries (historical overview of educational institutions) by Elmira K. Salakhova

“…Madrasas, as the middle and higher levels of education of shakirds, although formally considered independent institutions, nevertheless, their creation and development is directly related to religious institutions. …”
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Integrated, cross-sectoral psycho-oncology (isPO): a new form of care for newly diagnosed cancer patients in Germany by Michael Kusch, Hildegard Labouvie, Vera Schiewer, Natalie Talalaev, Jan C. Cwik, Sonja Bussmann, Lusine Vaganian, Alexander L. Gerlach, Antje Dresen, Natalia Cecon, Sandra Salm, Theresia Krieger, Holger Pfaff, Clarissa Lemmen, Lisa Derendorf, Stephanie Stock, Christina Samel, Anna Hagemeier, Martin Hellmich, Bernd Leicher, Gregor Hültenschmidt, Jessica Swoboda, Peter Haas, Anna Arning, Andrea Göttel, Kathrin Schwickerath, Ullrich Graeven, Stefanie Houwaart, Hedy Kerek-Bodden, Steffen Krebs, Christiana Muth, Christina Hecker, Marcel Reiser, Cornelia Mauch, Jennifer Benner, Gerdamarie Schmidt, Christiane Karlowsky, Gisela Vimalanandan, Lukas Matyschik, Lars Galonska, Annette Francke, Karin Osborne, Ursula Nestle, Markus Bäumer, Kordula Schmitz, Jürgen Wolf, Michael Hallek

“…As part of the isPO project the nFC-isPO is being evaluated by an independent institution: the Institute for Medical Sociology, Health Services Research, and Rehabilitation Science (IMVR), University of Cologne, Germany. …”
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《釋字第450號》後：1999-2018大專體育教師人力變遷研究 Effects of Article No. 450: Trends in Physical Education in Colleges and Universities in Taiwan From 1999 to 2018... by 徐振德 Chen-Te Hsu, 陳武雄 Wu-Hsiung Chen, 翁慈君 Tzu-Chun Weng, 郭美惠 Mei-Hui Kuo, 林郁偉 Yu-Wei Lin

“…Findings This study found that: (1) Article No. 450 resulted in the number of college teachers increasing within the past few years, although the proportion of teachers who were PE teachers decreased each year; (2) the percentage of female PE teachers increased from 25.18% to 28.68%; (3) the number of PE teachers increased, but the number of teachers in technology and vocational education in public or private schools decreased; (4) because of the lack of clear standards for teachers in common disciplines, PE teachers have transitioned from teaching PE to teaching recreation and kinematics and have moved to independent institutes; (5) among the subjects offered, PE Course and Teaching was the most popular, followed by Sports Administration and Management and Sports Physiology. …”
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