Progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy and immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome in seven patients with sarcoidosis: a critical discussion of treatment and prognosis by Maike F. Dohrn, Gisa Ellrichmann, Rastislav Pjontek, Carsten Lukas, Jens Panse, Ralf Gold, Jörg B. Schulz, Burkhard Gess, Simone C. Tauber

“…Progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy (PML) is a subacute brain infection by the opportunistic John Cunningham (JC) virus. Herein, we describe seven patients with PML, lymphopenia, and sarcoidosis, in three of whom PML was the first manifestation of sarcoidosis. …”
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Presymptomatic diagnosis with MRI and adequate treatment ameliorate the outcome after natalizumab-associated progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy (PML). by Hans eLindå, Anders evon Heijne

“…Progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy (PML) is an opportunistic brain JC virus infection that has been shown to be associated with natalizumab treatment. …”
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Detection of JC Polyomavirus tumor antigen in gastric carcinoma: a report from Iran by Samira Izi, Masoud Youssefi, Farzad Rahmani, Nema Mohammadian Roshan, Atefeh Yari, Farnaz Zahedi Avval

“…Background and Objectives: Factors contributing to development of gastric cancer are still under investigation. The JC Virus (JCV), as an oncogenic virus, has been indicated to play a possible role in gastric carcinogenesis. …”
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PROGRESSIVE MULTIFOCAL LEUKOENCEPHALOPATHY AS A COMPLICATION OF RITUXIMAB THERAPY FOR RHEUMATOID ARTHRITIS (A CASE REPORT) by I. B. Bashkova, I. V. Madyanov, M. S. Shostak, T. V. Prokopyeva

“…The disease is caused by activation of opportunistic viral (JC-virus) infection in the presence of weakened cellular immunity, which leads to massive demyelination of brain structures. …”
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Genetic variability of the VP1 gene of BK and JC polyomaviruses in HIV-infected patients by Karalić Danijela, Lazarević Ivana

“…Human polyomaviruses, BK virus (BKV) and JC virus (JCV), are world widely distributed in human population. …”
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Targeting the IL-10 Pathway by RNA Interference Has Beneficial Effects on the Development of Experimental Lupus by G.J. Tsay, Y-F. Hsieh, M. Wang, D. Chang, J.T. Chang, M. Zouali

“…In this study, we constructed JC virus-like particles (VLP) expressing IL-10-specific short hairpin RNAs (shRNAs) that efficiently silenced IL-10 gene expression. …”
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A case of developing progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy while using rituximab and mycophenolate mofetil in refractory systemic lupus erythematosus by Ishikawa Y, Kasuya T, Ishikawa J, Fujiwara M, Kita Y

“…Yuichi Ishikawa, Tadamichi Kasuya, Junichi Ishikawa, Michio Fujiwara, Yasuhiko Kita Department of Rheumatology, Yokohama Rosai Hospital, Kohoku-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa, Japan Abstract: Progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy (PML) is a central nervous system infection caused by John Cunningham (JC) virus reactivation in an immunocompromised patient. …”
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Effectiveness of Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors in Transplant Recipients with Progressive Multifocal Leukoencephalopathy by Chloé Medrano, François Vergez, Catherine Mengelle, Stanislas Faguer, Nassim Kamar, Arnaud Del Bello

“…Antibodies against PD1 have been used to treat progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy (PML), a rare brain disease caused by JC virus. We used these antibodies (nivolumab) to treat PML in 3 kidney transplant recipients. …”
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Magnetic resonance imaging may simulate progressive multifocal leucoencephalopathy in a patient with chronic lymphocytic leukemia after fludarabine therapy by Kalita J, Patel N, Misra U

“…Cerebrospinal fluid Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) for JC virus was negative. We suggest the possible role of fludarabine in producing PML-like lesions in patients with Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia (CLL).…”
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Leucoencefalopatia Multifocal Progressiva. Reflexões sobre o papel da imagem no seu diagnóstico. Perspectivas. by Z Magalhães, A M Reis, P Moniz, M Costa, L Moreira, M Guimarães, J R Pereira

“…We review five cases of Progressive Multifocal Leukoencephalopathy (PML), confirmed by biopsy in three cases and by LCR JC virus research by PCR (polymerase chain reaction) in two cases. …”
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A Cerebellar Tremor in a Patient with Human Immunodeficiency Virus-1 Associated with Progressive Multifocal Leukoencephalopathy by Hee-Jin Kim, Jae-Jung Lee, Phil Hyu Lee

“…Progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy (PML) is a demyelinating disease of the central nervous system (CNS) caused by JC virus infection in oligodendrocytes, especially in patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). …”
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Progressive multifokal leukencephalopathy: Diagnosis and differential diagnosis by Grönewäller, E, Herrlinger, U, Küker, W

“…Background: Progressive multifocal leukencephalopathy is an infectious demyelinating disorder of the central nervous system, occurring due to internal reactivation of JC-virus. Patients always have an immunological deficit, mostly due to AIDS, immunosuppressive treatment or an immunoproliferative disorder. …”

From injection therapies to natalizumab: views on the treatment of multiple sclerosis by Roberto Bomprezzi, Darin T. Okuda, Yazan J. Alderazi, Olaf Stüve, Elliot M. Frohman

“…We offer views on the risks associated with the use of natalizumab by underscoring the importance of the JC virus serology and by providing preliminary data on our experience with the extended interval dosing of natalizumab. …”
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Dual Therapy with Cidofovir and Mirtazapine for Progressive Multifocal Leukoencephalopathy in a Sarcoidosis Patient by Jae Hyun Park, Sookyung Ryoo, Hyun Jin Noh, Jung Min Seo, Hyun Hee Kang, Ji Soo Shin, Sang Won Seo, Duk L. Na

“…Background: Progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy (PML) is a demyelinating central nervous system disease caused by JC virus (JCV) reactivation in immunocompromised patients. …”
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A case of celiac disease mimicking amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. by Turner, M, Chohan, G, Quaghebeur, G, Greenhall, R, Hadjivassiliou, M, Talbot, K

“…INVESTIGATIONS: Neurological examination, neurophysiological studies, brain MRI scan, routine blood tests, duodenal biopsy, cerebrospinal fluid analysis including polymerase chain reaction test for JC virus DNA, serological testing for HIV and for the presence of serum antibodies to endomysium, gliadin and tissue transglutaminase. …”

Polyoma BK virus: an emerging opportunistic infectious agent of the human central nervous system by Rodrigo Lopes da Silva

“…Recent evidence suggests that in addition to the JC virus (the other member of the same family known to be strongly neurotropic and responsible for the progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy), BK virus can infect and cause clinically relevant disease in the human central nervous system. …”
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Progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy developing in a fludarabine naïve patient with chronic lymphocytic leukemia by Melissa G Ooi, Peter J Kelly, Michael Farrell, Philip Murphy, Peter O’Gorman

“…Intrathecal cytosine arabinoside although unsuccessful in this patient, is a therapeutic option to consider in patients experiencing side effects from systemic therapy.Keywords: progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy, chronic lymphocytic leukemia, JC virus, fludarabine, intrathecal cytosine arabinoside…”
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Progressive Multifocal Leukoencephalopathy Diagnosed by Metagenomic Next-Generation Sequencing of Cerebrospinal Fluid in an HIV Patient by Huan Xia, Yuanlin Guan, Silvère D. Zaongo, Han Xia, Ziyu Wang, Zhongfang Yan, Ping Ma

“…Herein, we report a case in which mNGS was used to identify JC virus from the cerebrospinal fluid sample of an HIV positive patient with progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy (PML).…”
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Progressive Multifocal Leukoencephalopathy [version 1; referees: 2 approved] by Laura Adang, Joseph Berger

“…The etiologic agent of PML is a small, ubiquitous polyomavirus, the JC virus (JCV, also known as JCPyV), for which at least 50% of the adult general population is seropositive. …”
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Exploring the role of NCCR variation on JC polyomavirus expression from dual reporter minicircles. by Anne-Sophie L'Honneur, Hervé Leh, Fanny Laurent-Tchenio, Uriel Hazan, Flore Rozenberg, Stéphanie Bury-Moné

“…JC virus (JCV), a ubiquitous human polyomavirus, can cause fatal progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy (PML) in immune compromised patients. …”
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