Polyoma BK virus: an emerging opportunistic infectious agent of the human central nervous system by Rodrigo Lopes da Silva, M.D.

“…Recent evidence suggests that in addition to the JC virus (the other member of the same family known to be strongly neurotropic and responsible for the progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy), BK virus can infect and cause clinically relevant disease in the human central nervous system. …”
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Not All Strokes Are Strokes - An Example of Diagnostic Confirmation Bias by Melanie Dani, Sophie Bowen-Carpenter, Patrick J McGown

“…Cerebrospinal fluid was positive for the JC virus, leading to a diagnosis of progressive multifocal leucoencephalopathy (PML). …”
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Natalizumab-associated progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy in patients with multiple sclerosis: risk reduction, management and possibilities for subsequent immunoregulation by Natalia V. Khachanova, Alexey N. Boyko, Maria V. Shumilina, Inna V. Smagina, Nadezhda A. Malkova, Stella A. Sivertseva, Ekaterina V. Popova, Timur I. Khaibullin

“…As a strategy for potentially reducing the frequency of the NTZ-associated PML, while maintaining the high therapy efficacy, in addition to the widely-used risk stratification strategy based on anti-JC virus antibody index and therapy duration, we propose the administration of NTZ with an extended dosing interval. …”
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A case report of simultaneous PML-IRIS during corticosteroids tapering in a patient with an anti-synthetase syndrome [v1; ref status: indexed, http://f1000r.es/2l6] by Guillaume Martin-Blondel, David Brassat, Hervé Dumas, Emmanuelle Uro-Coste, Daniel Adoue, Hans Lassmann, Michel Clanet

“…We highlight that, in the setting of IRIS, the low-level of the JC virus viral load requires a sensitive PCR assay before excluding PML.…”
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Progressive Multifocal Leukoencephalopathy and Systemic Lupus Erythematosus: Focus on Etiology by Shala Ghaderi Berntsson, Evangelos Katsarogiannis, Filipa Lourenço, Maria Francisca Moraes-Fontes

“…Progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy (PML) caused by reactivation of the JC virus (JCV), a human polyomavirus, occurs in autoimmune disorders, most frequently in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). …”
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Title not available by Fernando Assis Ferreira Melo, Ana Caroline Fonseca Bezerra, Bárbara Brasil Santana, Marluísa Oliveira Guimarães Ishak, Ricardo Ishak, Izaura Maria Vieira Cayres-Vallinoto, Antonio Carlos Rosário Vallinoto

“…This study evaluated the relative occurrences of BK virus (BKV) and JC virus (JCV) infections in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD). …”
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5′-Nor-3-Deaza-1′,6′-Isoneplanocin, the Synthesis and Antiviral Study by Qi Chen, Stewart W. Schneller, Chong Liu, Kathryn L. Jones, Tyler Singer

“…Antiviral assays showed activity against the JC virus (EC₅₀ = 1.12 µM for (4′<i>R</i>)-<b>8</b>; EC₅₀ = 59.14 µM for (4′<i>S</i>)-<b>7</b>) and inactivity of both compounds against several DNA and RNA viruses. …”
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Progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy: current treatment options and future perspectives by Dejan Pavlovic, Andriani C. Patera, Fredrik Nyberg, Marianne Gerber, Maggie Liu

“…Current prophylaxis and treatment of PML are focused on immune reconstitution, restoration of immune responses to JC virus infection, and eventual suppression of immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome. …”
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Efficacy and Side Effects of Natalizumab Therapy in Patients with Multiple Sclerosis by Robert Hoepner, Simon Faissner, Anke Salmen, Ralf Gold, Andrew Chan

“…Therapeutic efficacy has to be weighed against the risk of developing potentially fatal progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy (PML), an opportunistic infection by JC-virus (JCV) with an incidence of 3.4/1000 (95% CI 3.08–3.74) in Nat treated MS patients. …”
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Best practice in the use of natalizumab in multiple sclerosis by Óscar Fernández

“…However, natalizumab treatment has been associated with a risk of progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy (PML), a potentially fatal condition caused by JC virus (JCV) activation. When this condition was detected in a clinical trial shortly after approval, the drug was immediately and voluntarily withdrawn from the market. …”
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The London position statement of the World Congress of Gastroenterology on Biological Therapy for IBD with the European Crohn's and Colitis Organisation: safety. by Van Assche, G, Lewis, J, Lichtenstein, G, Loftus, E, Ouyang, Q, Panes, J, Siegel, C, Sandborn, W, Travis, S, Colombel, J

“…The α4 integrin antagonist natalizumab also carries a specific risk of progressive multifocal leucoencephalopathy and reactivation of JC virus infection. The immunogenicity of biological therapy is complex: all agents are potentially immunogenic and this can be reduced by combination with immunomodulators. …”

Infectious Risk Mitigation in Patients with Multiple Sclerosis under Disease-Modifying Therapies – the Experience of a Collaborative Neurology-Infectious Diseases Approach by Daniela Ferro, Beatriz Prista-Leão, Andreia Costa, André Silva-Pinto, Cândida Abreu, Maria José Sá

“…Vaccines for HAV, HBV, and Streptococcus pneumoniae were administered in 91%, 78%, and 88% of non-immune patients, respectively. JC virus serology monitoring prevented natalizumab (NTZ) initiation or prompted its switch in 34/122 patients. …”
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The use of natalizumab for multiple sclerosis by Brandstadter R, Katz Sand I

“…Keywords: review, efficacy, safety, progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy, JC virus, treatment…”
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A Case Control Study Reveals that Polyomaviruria Is Significantly Associated with Interstitial Cystitis and Vesical Ulceration. by Benjamin J Winter, Helen E O'Connell, Scott Bowden, Marcus Carey, Damon P Eisen

“…Polyomavirus in urine and bladder tissue was detected with species (JC virus vs. BK virus) specific, real-time PCR.Case patients were reflective of interstitial cystitis epidemiology with age range from 26-88 years (median 58) and female predominance (41/50 F). …”
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Head tremor and progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy in AIDS patients: report of two cases Tremor cefálico e leucoencefalopatia multifocal progressiva em pacientes com SIDA:... by Carlos R.M. Rieder, Sofia C. Ziomkowski

“…Progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy (PML) is caused by replication of JC virus in oligodendrocytes of immunocompromised patients. …”
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Leucoencefalopatía multifocal progresiva by Martha Gnocchi, Ronald Salamano, Graciela Mañana, Eduardo Lasalvia, Ruben Riera, Olga Hernández

“…Se destaca la gran importancia de la introducción de las técnicas de biología molecular en el estudio del líquido cefalorraquídeo (LCR), en particular de la reacción en cadena de la polimerasa (PCR), determinando la presencia de JC virus, directamente ligado a la enfermedad, lo cual resuelve la enorme mayoría de los casos. …”
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JC polyomavirus infection in candidates for kidney transplantation living in the Brazilian Amazon Region by Fernando Assis Ferreira Melo, Ana Caroline Fonseca Bezerra, Bárbara Brasil Santana, Marluísa Oliveira Guimarães Ishak, Ricardo Ishak, Izaura Maria Vieira Cayres-Vallinoto, Antonio Carlos Rosário Vallinoto

“…This study evaluated the relative occurrences of BK virus (BKV) and JC virus (JCV) infections in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD). …”
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Polyomaviruses BK and JC DNA infection in peripheral blood cells from blood donors by Malihe Fathi Haghighi, Noorossadat Seyyedi, Ali Farhadi, Farahnaz Zare, Leila Kasraian, Gholam Reza Refiei Dehbidi, Reza Ranjbaran, Abbas Behzad-Behbahani

“…ABSTRACT Objectives: To investigate the prevalence of human polyomavirus (BK and JC viruses) infection in peripheral blood mononuclear cells of healthy blood donors. …”
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Discriminating between JCPyV and BKPyV in Urinary Virome Data Sets by Rita Mormando, Alan J. Wolfe, Catherine Putonti

“…Polyomaviruses are abundant in the human body. The polyomaviruses JC virus (JCPyV) and BK virus (BKPyV) are common viruses in the human urinary tract. …”
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Myoclonus as an unusual presentation of progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy in a HIV positive patient by Lucian Chicea, Elena Cecilia Rosca, Ovidiu Rosca, M. Ciolan, Mihaela Simu

“…Progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy (PML) is a rare demyelinating disease of the CNS caused by oligodendroglial destruction due to JC virus. Usually it manifests with focal neurological deficits such as motor weakness, sensory abnormalities, visual disturbances, cognitive impairments, movement disorders having a low incidence in these patients. …”
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