Jim Crow Laws as Reflected in Langston Hughes� �Breakfast in Virginia� and �Trouble with the Angels� by , LISTIYANINGSIH, , Nur Saktiningrum S.S., M.Hum.

“…This graduating paper analyzes Jim Crow laws as reflected in Langston Hughesâ�� short stories â��Breakfast in Virginiaâ�� and â��Trouble with the Angelsâ��. …”

The Ressurection of the Old Southern Values and Black Response :: A Case Study on Jim Crow Laws by , REAWARUW, Petrus Titus, , Prof.Dra. Djuhertati Imam Muhni, MA.,Ph.D

Alive American History: Сivil War of Monuments by N. M. TRAVKINA

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ABD’DE ÖZGÜRLÜK OTOYOLU: AFROAMERİKAN SİVİL HAKLAR HAREKETİ VE ÖZELLİKLERİ by Fahriye Begum Yildizeli

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« Free spaces » en mouvement, des marges à l’activisme : les lieux du jazz au Sud des États-Unis by Philip Sadikalay

“…The marginalization of Afro-descendant communities has been consolidated in places and spaces of community “refuge” since the abolition of slavery in 1863, the Jim Crow laws of 1877, far into contemporary era. Jazz places and expressions illustrate how the experience of marginalization and withdrawal generate circumstances favorable to a movement leaving the margins towards the light, in a perspective of social praxis.…”
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The green book : documenting black mobility in twentieth-century America by Toh, Eunice

“…In 1877, Southern states, as a possible backlash to the Civil War and Reconstruction, imposed Jim Crow laws that formally relegated African Americans to the status of second-class citizens. …”
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Systemic Racism, Police Brutality of Black People, and the Use of Violence in Quelling Peaceful Protests in America by Williams C. Iheme

“…After the official abolition of slavery in the second half of the nineteenth century, the initial inability of Black people to own land, coupled with the various Jim Crow laws rendered the acquired freedom nearly insignificant in the face of poverty and hopelessness. …”
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Maintaining Ideology through Racial Distinction during the 1930s America in Ralph Ellison’s Invisible Man by Raisa Hani Tamara, Achmad Munjid

“…This novel is set during the post-reconstruction era of America, where Jim Crow laws were instituted. Therefore, the analysis of racial distinction in this novel is conducted using Post-Nationalist American Studies and Marxism approach. …”
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Undoing the Mirage of Racism through Philosophy of Race by Myron Moses Jackson

“…Tracing the trajectory from chattel slavery, the trail of tears, Jim Crow laws and lynchings, the civil rights movements, police brutality and profiling, to Black Lives Matter should we be believers or skeptics of racial progress? …”
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Understanding the U.S. Economy for Racial Healing

“…riots, lynchings and Jim Crow laws? between 1870 and 1940 cost the nation a number of African American patents for inventions and innovations equivalent to that produced by a medium-sized European country.36 Although we are beyond Jim Crow, there is still not equal opportunity to invent and innovate. …”
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Commission on Security and Cooperation in Europe (Helsinki Commission): Briefing on Truth, Reconciliation, and Healing Toward a Unified Future Thursday, July 18, 2019

“…Other systemic manifestations included Jim Crow laws used to humiliate and deny social contact, residential and school segregation, overt discrimination across all public and private opportunity avenues; lynching and terror through racial violence perpetrated by hate filled individuals and organizations such as the Ku Klux Klan and White Citizen's councils. …”
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IDEOLOGI DAN PERGERAKAN NATION OF ISLAM: MENJELASKAN KEHIDUPAN AFRICAN-AMERICAN MODERN by , ANGGITA PARAMESTI, , Dr. Nur  Rachmat  Yuliantoro, M.A. (IR)

“…They were despised and oppressed through Jim Crow law. This oppression has caused the raise of African-American movement with their famous slogan, â��First Class, whatever it takes.â�� This slogan was interpreted differently different groups. …”