Effects of Different Technological Forms of the Perilla frutescens in the Diet on Ruminal Fermentation, Milk and Plasma Fatty Acid Composition, Ruminal Biohydrogenation and Milk Qu... by Selma Büyükkılıç Beyzi, İsmail Ülger, Emrah Kaya, Buğra Ocak, Yusuf Konca

“…The experiment was implemented in a double 4 × 4 Latin square trial design, and sampling was carried out for 7 days after 21 days of adaptation. …”
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Effects of choline chloride on the ruminal microbiome at 2 dietary neutral detergent fiber concentrations in continuous culture by J.A. Arce-Cordero, P. Fan, H.F. Monteiro, X. Dai, K.C. Jeong, A.P. Faciola

“…Eight dual-flow continuous-culture fermentors were arranged in a duplicated 4 × 4 Latin square as a 2 × 2 factorial with the following treatments: (1) 30% NDF-control (30% NDF diet, no supplemental choline); (2) 30% NDF-Cho (30% NDF diet plus 1.9 g of choline ion per kg of dry matter); (3) 40% NDF-control (40% NDF diet, no supplemental choline); and (4) 40% NDF-Cho (40% NDF diet plus 1.9 g of choline ion per kg of dry matter). …”
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Productive Performance of Lactating Crossbred Dairy Cows Fed with Wheat Straw-Based Densified Complete Feed Block by Kasa Biratu, Mengistu Urge, Getu Kitaw, Fekede Feyissa, Adegbola T. Adesogan

“…Four mid-lactating multiparous cows with 2–5 parity having similar milk yield (8–10 l·day−1) were evaluated using 4 × 4 Latin square design for a total of 84 days. The treatments include natural pasture hay supplemented with a concentrate mixture at the rate of 0.5 kg·l−1 of milk yield·cow−1 (T1) and three different wheat straw-based DCFBs in the ratio of 50 : 50 (T2), 40 : 60 (T3), and 30 : 70 (T4). …”
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Higher Concentration of Dietary Selenium, Zinc, and Copper Complex Reduces Heat Stress-Associated Oxidative Stress and Metabolic Alteration in the Blood of Holstein and Jersey Stee... by A-Rang Son, Seon-Ho Kim, Mahfuzul Islam, Song-Jin Oh, Man-Jeong Paik, Sung-Sill Lee, Sang-Suk Lee

“…Holstein steers and Jersey steers were separately maintained under a 3 × 3 Latin square design during the summer conditions. For each trial, the treatments included Control (Con; fed basal TMR without additional mineral supplementation), NM (NRC recommended mineral supplementation group; [basal TMR + (Se 0.1 ppm + Zn 30 ppm + Cu 10 ppm) as DM basis]), and HM (higher than NRC recommended mineral supplementation group; [basal TMR + (Se 3.5 ppm + Zn 350 ppm + Cu 28 ppm) as DM basis]). …”
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Dietary enrichment of resistant starches or fibers differentially alter the feline fecal microbiome and metabolite profile by Anne H. Lee, Aashish R. Jha, Sungho Do, Elisa Scarsella, Justin Shmalberg, Amy Schauwecker, Andrew J. Steelman, Ryan W. Honaker, Kelly S. Swanson

“…Twelve healthy adult domestic shorthair cats (age = 9.6 ± 4.0 year; body weight = 3.9 ± 1.0 kg) were used in a replicated 3 × 3 Latin square design to test diets that were enriched with: (1) resistant starch (ERS), (2) a fiber-prebiotic-probiotic blend (FPPB), or (3) a fiber-prebiotic-probiotic blend + immune-modulating ingredients (iFPPB). …”
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Effects of particle size and toasting of fava beans and forage source on nutrient digestibility, ruminal fermentation, and metabolizable protein supply in dairy cows by W.J. Wang, M. Larsen, M.R. Weisbjerg, M. Johansen, A.L.F. Hellwing, P. Lund

“…Six Danish Holstein dairy cows fitted with ruminal, duodenal, and ileal cannulas were used in a 6 × 4 incomplete Latin square design with 4 periods of 21-d duration. …”
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Levels and degradability of crude protein in digestive metabolism and performance of dairy cows by Bruna Gomes Alves, Cristian Marlon de Magalhães Rodrigues Martins, Dannylo de Oliveira Sousa, Marcos André Arcari, Francisco Palma Rennó, Marcos Veiga Santos

“…In both experiments, 15 Holstein cows with 585 ± 40 kg of body weight were distributed in a Latin square design with five contemporary squares, three periods of 21 days and three treatments. …”
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Energy and Ileal Digestible Amino Acid Concentrations for Growing Pigs and Performance of Weanling Pigs Fed Fermented or Conventional Soybean Meal by Y. Wang, W. Q. Lu, D. F. Li, X. T. Liu, H. L. Wang, S. Niu, X. S. Piao

“…In Exp. 2, eight barrows (initial BW of 26.8±1.5 kg) were fitted with ileal T-cannulaes and used in a replicated 4×4 Latin square design. Three corn-starch-based diets were formulated using each of the 3 soybean products as the sole source of AA. …”
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Effect of increasing dietary inclusion of whole cottonseed on nutrient digestibility and milk production of high-producing dairy cows by A.M. Bales, J.M. dos Santos Neto, A.L. Lock

“…Twenty-four multiparous Holstein cows (mean ± SD; 52.7 ± 2.63 kg/d milk; 104 ± 23 DIM) were randomly assigned to treatment sequences in a replicated 4 × 4 Latin square design with 21-d periods. Treatments were increasing doses of WCS at 0%, 8%, 16%, and 24% DM, with WCS replacing soybean meal and hulls to maintain similar diet nutrient composition (% DM) of NDF (32%), forage NDF (21%), starch (27%), and CP (17%). …”
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Grazed barley for dairy cows in small-scale systems in the highlands of Mexico by Aída Gómez-Miranda, Felipe López-González, Rodolfo Vieyra-Alberto, Carlos M. Arriaga-Jordán

“…Twelve Holstein cows were grouped in a randomised 3 × 3 Latin Square design, replicated four times, with 14-day experimental periods. …”
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Milk production is unaffected by replacing barley or sodium hydroxide wheat with maize cob silage in rations for dairy cows by L. Hymøller, A.L.F. Hellwing, P. Lund, M.R. Weisbjerg

“…Both studies were organised as a 3×3 Latin square with three experimental periods and three different mixed rations. …”
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Impact of post-ruminally infused macronutrients on bovine mammary gland expression of genes involved in fatty acid synthesis, energy metabolism, and protein synthesis measured in R... by Kelly Nichols, André Bannink, Jurgen van Baal, Jan Dijkstra

“…Gene expression in mammary gland secretory cells was measured using RNA isolated from milk fat globules from 6 Holstein-Friesian cows receiving 5-d abomasal infusions of saline, essential amino acids (AA), or glucose (GG) or palm olein (LG) without (LAA) or with (HAA) essential AA, according to a 6 × 6 Latin square design. RNA was isolated from milk fat samples collected on d 5 of infusion and subjected to real-time quantitative PCR. …”
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Influence of dietary fibre on nutrient digestibility and energy utilisation in growing pigs fed diets varying in soluble and insoluble fibres from co-products by G.I. Lee, M.S. Hedemann, H. Jørgensen, K.E. Bach Knudsen

“…The experiment was performed as a 4 × 4 Latin square design (four diets and four periods) using four growing pigs (66.2 ± 7.8 kg) surgically fitted with a T-cannula in the end of the small intestine. …”
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Effect of condensed tannins from on rumen fermentation, methane production and population of rumen protozoa in heifers fed low-quality forage by Angel T. Piñeiro-Vázquez, Jorge R. Canul-Solis, Guillermo O. Jiménez-Ferrer, José A. Alayón-Gamboa, Alfonso J. Chay-Canul, Armin J. Ayala-Burgos, Carlos F. Aguilar-Pérez, Juan C. Ku-Vera

“…Methods Five crossbred heifers (Bos taurus×Bos indicus) (BW: 295±6 kg) were fed chopped P. purpureum grass and increasing levels of L. leucocephala (0%, 20%, 40%, 60%, and 80% of dry matter [DM]) in a 5×5 Latin square design. Results The voluntary intake and methane production were measured for 23 h per day in respiration chambers; molar proportions of volatile fatty acids (VFAs) were determined at 6 h postprandial period. …”
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Changing the grazing session from morning to afternoon or including tannins in the diet was effective in decreasing the urinary nitrogen of dairy cows fed a total mixed ration and... by Claudio A. Pozo, Gilberto V. Kozloski, Maira Cuffia, José L. Repetto, Cecilia Cajarville

“…Nine Holstein cows were used in a triplicate 3 × 3 Latin square experiment with 3 experimental periods of 22 d. …”
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Effect of fish oil and vitamin E on sperm lipid peroxidation in dogs by Analía Lorena Risso, Francisco J. Pellegrino, Yanina Corrada, Mónica Marmunti, Mariana Gavazza, Alejandro Palacios, Alejandro E. Relling

“…Using an incomplete replicate 3 × 3 Latin square design, five dogs were allocated into three groups. …”
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Effect of the inclusion of lysine and methionine on the nutritional performance and ingestive behavior of lambs by Carolina Moreira Araújo, Gilberto de Lima Macedo Junior, Karla Alves Oliveira, Laura Ferrari Monteiro Varanis, Tamires Soares de Assis, Marco Tulio Santos Siqueira

“…Five 1/2Dorper x 1/2Santa Inês lambs, at approximately eight months of age and an average weight of 50 kg, were distributed in a 5x5 Latin square design, with five treatments and five replicates. …”
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Effects of different protein sources on fermentation metabolites and nutrient digestibility of brachycephalic dogs by Maria Isabel Gonzalez Urrego, Laura Fantucci de O. Matheus, Karine de Melo Santos, Mariane Ceschin Ernandes, Mariana Monti, Danilo Ferreira de Souza, Júlio Cesar de Carvalho Balieiro, Lúcio Francelino Araújo, Cristiana F. Ferreira Pontieri, Márcio Antonio Brunetto

“…Eight French bulldog adult dogs were arranged in a 4 × 4 Latin square design during the 28 d trial. Fresh faeces were collected for assessment of nutrient digestibility and analyses of faecal pH, SCFA, biogenic amines, ammonia and lactate. …”
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Optimisation and field validation of odour-baited traps for surveillance of Aedes aegypti adults in Paramaribo, Suriname by Tessa M. Visser, Marieke P. de Cock, Hélène Hiwat, Merril Wongsokarijo, Niels O. Verhulst, Constantianus J. M. Koenraadt

“…Finally, we confirmed laboratory results in the field in Paramaribo, Suriname, using the MB5 and BG-Lure odour blends, CO2 and the BG-Sentinel and BG-Bowl trap using a Latin Square design. Results The MB5 blend in combination with CO2 outperformed traps baited only with CO2 or MB5 in screen cage tests (P < 0.0001). …”
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Substituição parcial do farelo de soja por uréia na produção e composição Partial replacement of soybean meal by urea on production and milk physicochemical composition in Saanen g... by Michelle de Oliveira Maia, Ariosvaldo Nunes de Medeiros, Rita de Cássia Ramos do Egypto Queiroga, Edvaldo Mesquita Beltrão Filho, Roberto Germano Costa, Sandra Elisabeth Santiago Beltrão Santa Cruz

“…Eight Saanen goats, in an experimental design in Latin square (4 x 4), were used. The urea levels used in experimental diets were 0, 0.8, 1.6 and 2.4% and, soybean meal level were 25, 19, 13 and 7%, respectively. …”
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