Extended Geometry and Probability Model for GNSS+ Constellation Performance Evaluation by Lingdong Meng, Jiexian Wang, Junping Chen, Bin Wang, Yize Zhang

“…What is more, the inclusion of the polar LEO constellation can significantly improve GNSS service performance. …”
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HST-NNC: A Novel Hybrid Satellite-Terrestrial Communication With NOMA and Network Coding Systems by Michail Karavolos, Nikolaos Nomikos, Demosthenes Vouyioukas, P. Takis Mathiopoulos

“…In this paper, a combined NOMA-NC (NNC) scheme is presented and integrated into an HSTN consisting of a low earth orbit (LEO) satellite belonging to an LEO constellation, a terrestrial base station (BS), and multiple terrestrial mobile terminals (MTs). …”
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A Novel Satellite PRN Code Assignment Method Based on Improved RLF Algorithm by Weiwei Wang, Ye Tian, Lang Bian, Guoyong Wang, Yansong Meng, Lixin Zhang

“…Due to the low altitude, the LEO constellation requires more satellites to cover the entire globe and more Pseudo Random Noise (PRN) codes to realize Code Division Multiple Access (CDMA), which means greater receiver storage resources and receiver acquisition time. …”
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Doppler Positioning of Dynamic Targets with Unknown LEO Satellite Signals by Chaoqun Yang, Bo Zang, Bowen Gu, Liang Zhang, Chuanjin Dai, Lulan Long, Zongchang Zhang, Linlin Ding, Hongbing Ji

“…A new concept of global navigation based on Doppler measurements from a large low Earth orbit (LEO) constellation is investigated that has potential to serve as a complement or backup to global navigation satellite systems (GNSSs) to provide navigation and positioning services in GNSS denial environments. …”
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Strategy of Multi-Beam Spot Allocation for GEO Data Relay Satellite Based on Modified K-Means Algorithm by Huiliang Liu, Yao Chu, Yulong Zhang, Weiguo Hou, Yinqiao Li, Yuan Yao, Yaxing Cai

“…The multi-beam satellite not only offers concurrent access to a large number of objects, but can also meet the high data requirements toward specific coverage of the LEO constellation. However, the multi-beam satellite often faces the mismatch problem of spot allocation and data requirements, which can cause an overload traffic jam or a waste of resources. …”
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Satellite-Based Non-Terrestrial Networks in 5G: Insights and Challenges by Ata Sattarzadeh, Yun Liu, Abdelrahim Mohamed, Ruiliang Song, Pei Xiao, Zhiqun Song, Haipeng Zhang, Rahim Tafazolli, Chuanfeng Niu

“…Among different NTNs, low earth orbit (LEO) satellites have gained increasing attention in recent years and several companies have filed federal communication commission (FCC) proposals to deploy their LEO constellation in space. This is mainly due to several desired features such as large capacity and low latency. …”
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Impacts of Orbital and Constellation Parameters on the Number and Spatiotemporal Coverage of LEO-LEO Occultation Events by Congliang Liu, Gottfried Kirchengast, Yueqiang Sun, Veronika Proschek, Xin Wang, Longfei Tian, Qifei Du, Weihua Bai, Chunjun Wu, Peng Hu, Guangyuan Tan

“…Finally, the number, timeliness, and global coverage fraction of occultation events for two-orbit and multi-orbit LEO-LEO constellations were calculated and analyzed. The results show that: ① the orbit inclination and RAAN are the main impacting parameters followed by orbital height, while the RAAN precession is a relevant modulation factor; ② co-planar counter-rotating receiving and transmitting satellite orbits are confirmed to be ideal for a two-satellite LEO-LEO constellation; ③ polar and near-polar orbit constellations most readily achieve global coverage of occultation events; near-equator orbit constellations with supplementary receiving and transmitting satellite orbit planes also readily form the occultation event geometry, though the occultation events are mainly distributed over low and low-to-middle latitude zones; and ④ a well-designed larger LEO-LEO occultation constellation, composed of 36–72 satellites, can meet the basic requirements of global numerical weather prediction for occultation numbers and timeliness, yielding 23,000–38,000 occultation events per day and achieving 100% global coverage in 12–18 h.…”
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Symbolic Analysis in Fakhri Heravi's "Haft Keshvar" Based on Astronomical and Mythological Perspectives by Hamid Jafari GhariyehAli, zahra jafari

“…The lodging of the king and reminds the reader of the Leo Constellation and the King’s name stands for the Sun, which respectively imply resurrection, eternity, life, warmth, light and authority. …”
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Enhancing Satellite Non-Terrestrial Networks Through Advanced Constellation Management: Optimizing In-Orbit Resources for NB-IoT by Arnau Singla, Anna Calveras, Francesc Betorz, Joan A. Ruiz-De-Azua

“…It addresses the challenges of managing the operations of Low Earth Orbit (LEO) constellations for the Internet of Things (IoT), emphasizing intermittent connectivity and resource constraints. …”
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LEO Small-Satellite Constellations for 5G and Beyond-5G Communications by Israel Leyva-Mayorga, Beatriz Soret, Maik Roper, Dirk Wubben, Bho Matthiesen, Armin Dekorsy, Petar Popovski

“…Besides enhanced mobile broadband (eMBB) and massive machine-type communications (mMTC), LEO constellations can support ultra-reliable communications (URC) with relaxed latency requirements of a few tens of milliseconds. …”
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Future Technologies for Train Communication: The Role of LEO HTS Satellites in the Adaptable Communication System by Alessandro Vizzarri, Franco Mazzenga, Romeo Giuliano

“…The paper analyzes the LEO constellations of Starlink and OneWeb using public data. …”
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Precise orbit determination for LEO satellites: single-receiver ambiguity resolution using GREAT products by Xingxing Li, Yujie Qin, Keke Zhang, Jiaqi Wu, Wei Zhang, Qian Zhang, Hongmin Zhang

“…In recent years, the large Low Earth Orbit (LEO) constellations have become a hot topic due to their great potential to improve the Global Navigation Satellite Systems (GNSS) positioning performance. …”
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Emergence of second-generation low earth orbit satellite constellations : a prospective technical, economic, and policy analysis by Foreman, Veronica L. (Veronica Lynn)

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Design optimisation of low earth orbit constellation based on BeiDou Satellite Navigation System precise point positioning by Jing Liu, Jinming Hao, Yan Yang, Zheyu Xu, Weiping Liu, Renzhe Wu

“…In this study, NSGA‐III optimisation algorithm was used to design two hybrid configurations of 177 and 186 LEO constellations for enhancing the BeiDou Satellite Navigation System (BDS). …”
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Performance analysis of LEO mobile satellite systems with DS-CDMA and FDMA/TDMA by Fu, Hongyi.

“…In a comparison of the satellite systems adopting geostationary and non-geostationary orbits, low earth orbit (LEO) constellations have attracted greater attention because of their small propagation delay and high link margin. …”
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Valuation of On-Orbit Servicing in Proliferated Low-Earth Orbit Constellations by Luu, Michael, Hastings, Daniel E.

“…Designing OOS systems for LEO constellations differs from that of GEO based systems, this difference is attributed to LEO’s proliferation of satellites, environmental effects (J2 nodal precession, drag), and different constellation patterns. …”
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On-Orbit Servicing System Architectures for Proliferated Low Earth Orbit Constellations by Luu, Michael Adam

“…Designing OOS systems for LEO constellations differs from that of GEO based systems, this difference is attributed to LEO’s proliferation of satellites, environmental effects (J2 nodal precession, drag), and different constellation patterns. …”
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NC-OFDM Satellite Communication Based on Compressed Spectrum Sensing by Yong Wang, Hehao Niu, Qingsong Zhao, Lei Wang, Yue Gao, Zhi Lin

“…With the fast development of giant LEO constellations, the effective spectrum utilization has been regarded as one of the key orientations for satellite communications. …”
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Development of Optical Communication Terminals for Increasing Connectivity on Small Satellites by Kammerer III, William John

“…An interesting new architecture has been recently enabled with the advent of pLEO constellations where their networking infrastructure can be implemented as a relay and downlink communication architecture with the potential to dramatically increase link availability time for small satellites. …”
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Review of On-Orbit Servicing Considerations for Low-Earth Orbit Constellations by Luu, Michael, Hastings, Daniel E.

“…More recently, the space industry is rapidly deploying a high number of satellites in proliferated low-earth orbit (LEO) constellations at orders of magnitude not seen before. …”
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