Genome-wide systematic characterization of the HAK/KUP/KT gene family and its expression profile during plant growth and in response to low-K+ stress in Saccharum by Xiaomin Feng, Yongjun Wang, Nannan Zhang, Zilin Wu, Qiaoying Zeng, Jiayun Wu, Xiaobin Wu, Lei Wang, Jisen Zhang, Yongwen Qi

“…The divergence time of the HAK/KUP/KT gene family was estimated to range from 134.8 to 233.7 Mya based on Ks analysis, suggesting that it is an ancient gene family in plants. …”
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Establishing a molecular toolbox of lineage-specific real-time RT-PCR assays for the characterization of foot-and-mouth disease viruses circulating in Asia by Meruyert A. Saduakassova, Meruyert A. Saduakassova, Britta A. Wood, Elisabeth Henry, Ashley R. Gray, Valérie Mioulet, Akhmetzhan A. Sultanov, Jemma Wadsworth, Nick J. Knowles, Antonello Di Nardo, Donald P. King, Katarzyna Bachanek-Bankowska

“…This panel included five new rRT-PCR assays designed to detect lineages O/ME-SA/PanAsia-PanAsia-2, O/ME-SA/Ind-2001, O/SEA/Mya-98, O/CATHAY, and A/ASIA/Sea-97, along with three published rRT-PCR assays for A/ASIA/Iran-05, A/ASIA/G-VII, and Asia1 serotypes. …”
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Molecular systematics of Malaysian mahseer and phylogeography of Tor douronensis (valenciennes) by Hassan, Nadiatul Hafiza

“…The sharing of haplotype HapTD1 between samples from Semadang (91.3%), Bakun Dam (25%), Bau (86.4%), Entabai River (6.7%) and Terbat (100%) indicated the historical interconnection of drainages of southern and central Sarawak during the Tertiary and Quaternary Periods via the Sunda River (10-5 mya). Overall, the phylogenetic analyses of the three mitochondrial genes and a nuclear gene have provided better insights into the evolutionary relationships and taxonomy analysis of the Asian cyprinids in relation to Malaysian Mahseer. …”
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Effect of detergent, herbs and spices on the growth of Vibrio parahaemolyticus biofilm in seafood by Nillian, Elexson

“…A total of 394 samples were collected from wet markets (n=201) and hypermarkets (n=193), consisting of cockles (Anadara granosa), clams (Mya arenaria), shrimps (Penaeous spp.) and squids (Loligo opalescens). …”
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Genomic insights into biased allele loss and increased gene numbers after genome duplication in autotetraploid Cyclocarya paliurus by Rui-Min Yu, Ning Zhang, Bo-Wen Zhang, Yu Liang, Xiao-Xu Pang, Lei Cao, Yi-Dan Chen, Wei-Ping Zhang, Yang Yang, Da-Yong Zhang, Er-Li Pang, Wei-Ning Bai

“…Our population genomic analyses suggested a single origin of autotetraploids and recent divergence (~ 0.57 Mya) from diploids, with minimal interploidy admixture. …”
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The Genome of the Mimosoid Legume <i>Prosopis cineraria</i>, a Desert Tree by Naganeeswaran Sudalaimuthuasari, Rashid Ali, Martin Kottackal, Mohammed Rafi, Mariam Al Nuaimi, Biduth Kundu, Raja Saeed Al-Maskari, Xuewen Wang, Ajay Kumar Mishra, Jithin Balan, Srinivasa R. Chaluvadi, Fatima Al Ansari, Jeffrey L. Bennetzen, Michael D. Purugganan, Khaled M. Hazzouri, Khaled M. A. Amiri

“…We also observed an amplification of NBS-LRR disease-resistance genes correlated with LTR-associated retrotransposition, and identified 410 retrogenes with an active burst of chimeric retrogene creation that approximately occurred at the same time of divergence of <i>P. cineraria</i> from a common lineage with <i>P. alba</i>~23 Mya. These retrogenes include many biotic defense responses and abiotic stress stimulus responses, as well as the early Nodulin 93 gene. …”
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A likely autotetraploidization event shaped the Chinese mahogany (Toona sinensis) genome by Jianyu Wang, Ziyi Yang, Tianyu Lei, Yan Zhang, Qimeng Xiao, Zijian Yu, Jiaqi Zhang, Sangrong Sun, Qiang Xu, Shaoqi Shen, Zimo Yan, Mengnan Fang, Yue Ding, Zihan Liu, Qianwen Zhu, Ke Ren, Yuxin Pan, Haibin Liu, Jinpeng Wang

“…Here, by reanalysing the T. sinensis genome, we found evidence of a tetraploidization event (T. sinensis special tetraploidization, TST) that occurred approximately 15–17 million years ago (MYA) after the core eudicot-common hexaploidization (ECH or gamma) event. …”
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A Study on the Anti-NF-κB, Anti-<i>Candida</i>, and Antioxidant Activities of Two Natural Plant Hormones: Gibberellin A4 and A7 by Bruno Dias Nani, Pedro Luiz Rosalen, Josy Goldoni Lazarini, Janaína de Cássia Orlandi Sardi, Diego Romário-Silva, Leonardo Pereira de Araújo, Mateus Silva Beker dos Reis, Isadora Breseghello, Thiago Mattar Cunha, Severino Matias de Alencar, Nelson José Freitas da Silveira, Marcelo Franchin

“…The GA4 and GA7 in vitro anti-<i>Candida</i> effects against <i>Candida albicans</i> (MYA 2876) were determined (MIC and MFC). GA7 was also evaluated regarding the viability of <i>C. albicans</i> preformed biofilm (microplate assay). …”
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The synergistic effects of hydroxychavicol and amphotericin B towards yeast-hyphae transition and the germination of Candida albicans by Wan H.A.W. Harun, PhD, Che O.N. Zulaila, MSc, Ayesha Fahim, PhD, Nasar U.M. Allah, MSc

“…Methods: The antifungal susceptibility of hydroxychavicol (HC) and Amphotericin B (AMB) separately and in a mixture (HC + AMB) against Candida albicans ATCC 14053, Candida parapsilosis ATCC 22019, Candida tropicalis ATCC 13803, and Candida dubliniensis ATCC MYA-2975 was determined by broth microdilution technique. …”
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High-Quality Genomes and High-Density Genetic Map Facilitate the Identification of Genes From a Weedy Rice by Fei Li, Zhenyun Han, Weihua Qiao, Junrui Wang, Junrui Wang, Yue Song, Yongxia Cui, Yongxia Cui, Jiaqi Li, Jiaqi Li, Jinyue Ge, Danjing Lou, Weiya Fan, Danting Li, Baoxuan Nong, Zongqiong Zhang, Yunlian Cheng, Lifang Zhang, Xiaoming Zheng, Qingwen Yang

“…The genome harbored a total size of 375.8 Mb, a scaffold N50 of 24.1 Mb, and originated approximately 0.32 million years ago (Mya) and was more closely related to Oryza sativa ssp. japonica. and contained 672 unique genes. …”
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TILLING-by-Sequencing⁺ Reveals the Role of Novel Fatty Acid Desaturases (GmFAD2-2s) in Increasing Soybean Seed Oleic Acid Content by Naoufal Lakhssassi, Valéria Stefania Lopes-Caitar, Dounya Knizia, Mallory A. Cullen, Oussama Badad, Abdelhalim El Baze, Zhou Zhou, Mohamed G. Embaby, Jonas Meksem, Aicha Lakhssassi, Pengyin Chen, Amer AbuGhazaleh, Tri D. Vuong, Henry T. Nguyen, Tarek Hewezi, Khalid Meksem

“…Segmental duplication of <i>GmFAD2-1A</i>/<i>GmFAD2-1B</i>, <i>GmFAD2-2A/GmFAD2-2C</i>, <i>GmFAD2-2A/GmFAD2-2D</i>, and <i>GmFAD2-2D/GmFAD2-2C</i> have occurred about 10.65, 27.04, 100.81, and 106.55 Mya, respectively. Using TILLING-by-Sequencing+ technology, we successfully identified 12, 8, 10, 9, and 19 EMS mutants at the <i>GmFAD2-2A</i>, <i>GmFAD2-2B</i>, <i>GmFAD2-2C</i>, <i>GmFAD2-2D</i>, and <i>GmFAD2-2E</i> genes, respectively. …”
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Out of the Qinghai-Tibetan plateau: Origin, evolution and historical biogeography of Morchella (both Elata and Esculenta clades) by Qing Meng, Qing Meng, Zhanling Xie, Zhanling Xie, Hongyan Xu, Hongyan Xu, Jing Guo, Jing Guo, Yongpeng Tang, Ting Ma, Qingqing Peng, Bao Wang, Bao Wang, Yujing Mao, Yujing Mao, Shangjin Yan, Jiabao Yang, Jiabao Yang, Deyu Dong, Deyu Dong, Yingzhu Duan, Fan Zhang, Taizhen Gao

“…However, the diversity of Morchella in the QTPs has been poorly investigated, especially in phylogenetic diversity, origin, and biogeography.MethodsThe genealogical concordance phylogenetic species recognition (GCPSR, based on Bayesian evolutionary analysis using sequences from the internal transcribed spacer (ITS), nuclear large subunit rDNA (nrLSU), translation elongation factor 1-α (EF1-α), and the largest and second largest subunits of RNA polymerase II (RPB1 and RPB2)), differentiation time estimation, and ancestral region reconstruction were used to infer Morchella’s phylogenetic relationships and historical biogeography in the QTPs.ResultsFirstly, a total of 18 Morchella phylogenetic species are recognized in the QTPs, including 10 Elata clades and 8 Esculenta clades of 216 individuals Secondly, the divergences of the 18 phylogenetic species were 50.24–4.20 Mya (Eocene-Pliocene), which was closely related to the geological activities in the QTPs. …”
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Population structure and evolutionary history of the greater cane rat (Thryonomys swinderianus) from the Guinean Forests of West Africa by Isaac A. Babarinde, Isaac A. Babarinde, Adeniyi C. Adeola, Adeniyi C. Adeola, Adeniyi C. Adeola, Chabi A. M. S. Djagoun, Lotanna M. Nneji, Agboola O. Okeyoyin, George Niba, Ndifor K. Wanzie, Ndifor K. Wanzie, Ojo C. Oladipo, Ayotunde O. Adebambo, Semiu F. Bello, Said I. Ng’ang’a, Wasiu A. Olaniyi, Victor M. O. Okoro, Babatunde E. Adedeji, Omotoso Olatunde, Adeola O. Ayoola, Adeola O. Ayoola, Moise M. Matouke, Yun-yu Wang, Oscar J. Sanke, Saidu O. Oseni, Christopher D. Nwani, Robert W. Murphy

“…Evolutionary analyses of CYTB suggests that South African population might have diverged from other populations about 6.1 (2.6–10.18, 95% CI) MYA. Taken together, this study reveals the population status and evolutionary history of grasscutter populations in the region.…”
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The chromosome-level genome of Eucommia ulmoides provides insights into sex differentiation and α-linolenic acid biosynthesis by Qingxin Du, Qingxin Du, Qingxin Du, Zixian Wu, Panfeng Liu, Panfeng Liu, Panfeng Liu, Jun Qing, Jun Qing, Jun Qing, Feng He, Feng He, Feng He, Lanying Du, Lanying Du, Lanying Du, Zhiqiang Sun, Zhiqiang Sun, Zhiqiang Sun, Lili Zhu, Hongchu Zheng, Zongyi Sun, Long Yang, Lu Wang, Lu Wang, Lu Wang, Hongyan Du, Hongyan Du, Hongyan Du

“…Genome evolution analysis indicated that E. ulmoides has undergone two whole-genome duplication events before the divergence of female and male, including core eudicot γ whole-genome triplication event (γ-WGT) and a recent whole genome duplication (WGD) at approximately 27.3 million years ago (Mya). Based on transcriptome analysis, EuAP3 and EuAG may be the key genes involved in regulating the sex differentiation of E. ulmoides. …”
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Selection of Vaccine Candidate for Foot-and-Mouth Disease Virus Serotype O Using a Blocking Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay by Yimei Cao, Kun Li, Xiangchuan Xing, Huifang Bao, Nana Huang, Guoqiang Zhu, Xingwen Bai, Pu Sun, Yuanfang Fu, Pinghua Li, Jing Zhang, Xueqing Ma, Dong Li, Zaixin Liu, Zengjun Lu

“…Binary ethylenimine inactivated vaccines, prepared from four representative circulating strains (FMDV O/Mya/98, SCGH/CHA/2016, O/Tibet/99, and O/XJ/CHA/2017) belonging to four lineages within three different topotypes of FMD virus (FMDV) serotype O in China, were used to vaccinate cattle (12–13 animals for each strain), sheep (12–13 animals for each strain), and pigs (10 animals for each strain). …”
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Comparative Analysis of Pseudo-nitzschia Chloroplast Genomes Revealed Extensive Inverted Region Variation and Pseudo-nitzschia Speciation by Ziyan He, Ziyan He, Ziyan He, Ziyan He, Yang Chen, Yang Chen, Yang Chen, Yang Chen, Yichao Wang, Yichao Wang, Yichao Wang, Yichao Wang, Kuiyan Liu, Kuiyan Liu, Kuiyan Liu, Kuiyan Liu, Qing Xu, Yang Li, Nansheng Chen, Nansheng Chen, Nansheng Chen, Nansheng Chen

“…Phylogenetic analysis of the divergence of nine Pseudo-nitzschia species indicated that these species appeared at approximately 41 Mya. This study provides critical cpDNA resources for future research on the biodiversity and speciation of Pseudo-nitzschia species.…”
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Mesyuarat Jawatankuasa Eksekutif Bil.19, 2008 : minit mesyuarat dan kertaskerja by 495834 Universiti Teknologi Malaysia

The biology of ELTD1/ADGRL4: a novel regulator of tumour angiogenesis by Favara, DM

“…</p> <p><strong>Results:</strong> ELTD1 arose 435 million years ago (mya) in bony fish and is present in all subsequent vertebrates. …”

Enfermedad de Hirschsprung by Gonzalo López Escobar

“…&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Es interesante cómo a finales del siglo pasado, y la primera década del presente, existió gran controversia, acerca de la causa y métodos de tratamiento de la llamada “dilatación idiopática del colon”, y fue MYA, en 1894, quien introdujo el término “MEGACOLON”.…”
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Molecular phylogeny and divergence time estimates for native giant clams (Cardiidae: Tridacninae) in the Asia-Pacific: Evidence from mitochondrial genomes and nuclear 18S rRNA gene... by Haitao Ma, Haitao Ma, Haitao Ma, Haitao Ma, Dongmei Yu, Jun Li, Jun Li, Jun Li, Jun Li, Yanping Qin, Yanping Qin, Yanping Qin, Yanping Qin, Yang Zhang, Yang Zhang, Yang Zhang, Yang Zhang, Zhiming Xiang, Zhiming Xiang, Zhiming Xiang, Zhiming Xiang, Yuehuan Zhang, Yuehuan Zhang, Yuehuan Zhang, Yuehuan Zhang, Ziniu Yu, Ziniu Yu, Ziniu Yu, Ziniu Yu

“…The divergence time of H. porcellanus and H. hippopus was about 10.64 Mya, this result is in agreement with the speculation that H. porcellanus also originated in Miocene. …”
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