Neuroanatomical differences in Latinx children from rural farmworker families and urban non-farmworker families and related associations with pesticide exposure by Mohammadreza Khodaei, Dorothy L. Dobbins, Paul J. Laurienti, Sean L. Simpson, Thomas A. Arcury, Sara A. Quandt, Kim A. Anderson, Richard P. Scott, Jonathan H. Burdette

“…Here we used voxel-based morphometry (VBM) and diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) from magnetic resonance images (MRI) to investigate neuroanatomical differences between Latinx children (n = 71) from rural, farmworker families (FW; n = 48) and urban, non-farmworker families (NFW; n = 23). …”
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Prospective study validating a multidimensional treatment decision score predicting the 24-month outcome in untreated patients with clinically isolated syndrome and early relapsing... by Antonios Bayas, Ulrich Mansmann, Begum Irmak Ön, Verena S. Hoffmann, Achim Berthele, Mark Mühlau, Markus C. Kowarik, Markus Krumbholz, Makbule Senel, Verena Steuerwald, Markus Naumann, Julia Hartberger, Martin Kerschensteiner, Eva Oswald, Christoph Ruschil, Ulf Ziemann, Hayrettin Tumani, Ioannis Vardakas, Fady Albashiti, Frank Kramer, Iñaki Soto-Rey, Helmut Spengler, Gerhard Mayer, Hans Armin Kestler, Oliver Kohlbacher, Marlien Hagedorn, Martin Boeker, Klaus Kuhn, Stefan Buchka, Florian Kohlmayer, Jan S. Kirschke, Lars Behrens, Hanna Zimmermann, Benjamin Bender, Nico Sollmann, Joachim Havla, Bernhard Hemmer, the ProVal-MS study group

“…The score supports clinical decision-making regarding the options of early (within 6 months after study baseline) platform medication (Interferon beta, glatiramer acetate, dimethyl/diroximel fumarate, teriflunomide), or no immediate treatment (> 6 months after baseline) of patients with early RR-MS and CIS by predicting the probability of new or enlarging lesions in cerebral magnetic resonance images (MRIs) between 6 and 24 months. Further objectives are refining the MS-TDS score and providing data to identify new markers reflecting disease course and severity. …”
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Mobility-related brain regions linking carotid intima-media thickness to specific gait performances in old age by Xin Zhang, Heyang Lu, Min Fan, Weizhong Tian, Mei Cui, Yanfeng Jiang, Chen Suo, Tiejun Zhang, Kelin Xu, Yingzhe Wang, Xingdong Chen

“…Quantitative parameters were summarized into independent gait domains with factor analysis. Magnetic resonance images were obtained on a 3.0-Tesla scanner, and the volumes of fifteen brain regions related to motor function (primary motor, sensorimotor), visuospatial attention (inferior posterior parietal lobules, superior posterior parietal lobules), executive control function (dorsolateral prefrontal cortex, anterior cingulate), memory (hippocampus, entorhinal cortex), motor imagery (precuneus, parahippocampus, posterior cingulated cortex), and balance (basal ganglia: pallidum, putamen, caudate, thalamus) were computed using FreeSurfer and the Desikan-Killiany atlas. …”
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Contouring techniques in cardiac magnetic resonance assessment of right ventricular volumes in repaired tetralogy of fallot by Freya M. Lodge, William E. Moody, Christopher J. McAloon, Victoria M. Stoll, Hani Mahmoud-Elsayed, Richard P. Steeds, Benjamin Holloway, Lucy E. Hudsmith

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Dosimetric Effects of Air Cavities for MRI-Guided Online Adaptive Radiation Therapy (MRgART) of Prostate Bed after Radical Prostatectomy by Jonathan Pham, Minsong Cao, Stephanie M. Yoon, Yu Gao, Amar U. Kishan, Yingli Yang

“…Furthermore, two 0.35 T MRgART plans (‘Deformed’ and ‘Override’) were generated on a prostate bed patient’s (Patient B) daily magnetic resonance image (MRI) with artificial rectal air cavities of various sizes (0–3 cm, 0.5 cm increments) and on five prostate bed patient’s (Patient 1–5) daily MRIs (2 MRIs: Fraction A and B) with real air cavities. …”
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Race and Gender Differences in Anterior Cruciate Ligament Femoral Footprint Location and Orientation: A 3D‐MRI Study by Lihang Zhang, Tianwen Huang, Changzhao Li, Xing Xing, Diyang Zou, Dimitris Dimitriou, Tsung‐Yuan Tsai, Pingyue Li

“…This study aimed to identify potential race‐ or gender‐specific differences in the ACL femoral footprint location and ACL orientation, determine the correlation between the ACL orientation and the femoral footprint location. Methods Magnetic resonance images (MRIs) of 90 Caucasian participants and 90 matched Chinese subjects were used for reconstruction of three‐dimensional (3D) femur and tibial models. …”
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Development and validation of statistical shape models of the primary functional bone segments of the foot by Tamara M. Grant, Laura E. Diamond, Claudio Pizzolato, Bryce A. Killen, Daniel Devaprakash, Luke Kelly, Jayishni N. Maharaj, David J. Saxby

“…This study aimed to develop and validate statistical shape models of the functional segments in the foot: first metatarsal, midfoot (second-to-fifth metatarsals, cuneiforms, cuboid, and navicular), calcaneus, and talus; then, to assess reconstruction accuracy of these shape models using sparse anatomical data. Methods Magnetic resonance images of 24 individuals feet (age = 28 ± 6 years, 52% female, height = 1.73 ± 0.8 m, mass = 66.6 ± 13.8 kg) were manually segmented to generate three-dimensional point clouds. …”
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Quantitative analysis of the impact of respiratory state on the heartbeat-induced movements of the heart and its substructures by Benzhe Liang, Guanzhong Gong, Ying Tong, Lizhen Wang, Ya Su, Huadong Wang, Zhenkai Li, Hongyu Yan, Xiaohong Zhang, Yong Yin

“…Methods Twenty-three healthy volunteers were enrolled in this study, and cine four-dimensional magnetic resonance images were acquired during periods of end-inspiration breath holding (EIBH), end-expiration breath holding (EEBH), and deep end-inspiration breath holding (DIBH). …”
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Abnormalities of Hippocampal Subfield and Amygdalar Nuclei Volumes and Clinical Correlates in Behavioral Variant Frontotemporal Dementia with Obsessive–Compulsive Behavior—A Pilot... by Mu-N Liu, Li-Yu Hu, Chia-Fen Tsai, Chen-Jee Hong, Yuan-Hwa Chou, Chiung-Chih Chang, Kai-Chun Yang, Zi-Hong You, Chi Ieong Lau

“…Hippocampal subfield and amygdalar nuclei volumes were analyzed automatically using a 3T magnetic resonance image and FreeSurfer v7.1.1. All participants completed the Yale–Brown Obsessive–Compulsive Scale (Y-BOCS), Neuropsychiatric Inventory (NPI), and Frontal Behavioral Inventory (FBI). (4) Results: We observed remarkable reductions in bilateral total hippocampal volumes. …”
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A comparative study of establishing rabbit vertebral tumor model by two ways of CT-guided percutaneous puncture by Zhilong Wang, Taiyang Zuo, Wenli Lin, Yining Liang, Fangzhou Jiang, Yibing Li

“…Objective: To investigate the difference of tumor formation rate of rabbit vertebral tumor model established by percutaneous injection of V×2 tumor tissue suspension and tumor mass under computed tomography (CT) guidance, and the imaging findings of CT, magnetic resonance images (MRI) and positron emission tomography with computed tomography (PET/CT) at 7 days, 14 days and 21 days after implantation, and preliminarily verify the safety and feasibility of microwave ablation (MWA), percutaneous vertebroplasty (PVP) and microwave ablation combined with percutaneous vertebroplasty (MWA + PVP) in rabbit VX2 vertebral tumor model. …”
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A biologically informed polygenic score of neuronal plasticity moderates the association between cognitive aptitudes and cortical thickness in adolescents by Xavier Navarri, Daniel E. Vosberg, Jean Shin, Louis Richer, Gabriel Leonard, G. Bruce Pike, Tobias Banaschewski, Arun L.W. Bokde, Sylvane Desrivières, Herta Flor, Antoine Grigis, Hugh Garavan, Penny Gowland, Andreas Heinz, Rüdiger Brühl, Jean-Luc Martinot, Marie-Laure Paillère Martinot, Eric Artiges, Frauke Nees, Dimitri Papadopoulos Orfanos, Luise Poustka, Sarah Hohmann, Juliane H. Fröhner, Michael N. Smolka, Nilakshi Vaidya, Henrik Walter, Robert Whelan, Gunter Schumann, Zdenka Pausova, Tomáš Paus

“…Here, we studied associations between PGS-NP, cognitive abilities, and thickness of the cerebral cortex, estimated from magnetic resonance images, in the Saguenay Youth Study (SYS, 533 females, 496 males: age=15.0 ± 1.8 years of age; cross-sectional), and the IMAGEN Study (566 females, 556 males; between 14 and 19 years; longitudinal). …”
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High blood lead level correlates with selective hippocampal subfield atrophy and neuropsychological impairments by Yi Shi, Yang Yang, Wenhao Li, Zaihua Zhao, Linfeng Yan, Wen Wang, Michael Aschner, Jianbin Zhang, Gang Zheng, Xuefeng Shen

“…The hippocampus was segmented into 12 subfields in each hemisphere in magnetic resonance images (MRIs). Then, the effect of altered hippocampal subfield volumes on brain functions were studied by seed-based functional connectivity (FC) analysis. …”
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Extreme deviations from the normative model reveal cortical heterogeneity and associations with negative symptom severity in first-episode psychosis from the OPTiMiSE and GAP studi... by Amanda Worker, Pierre Berthert, Andrew J. Lawrence, Seyed Mostafa Kia, Celso Arango, Richard Dinga, Silvana Galderisi, Birte Glenthøj, René S. Kahn, Anoushka Leslie, Robin M. Murray, Carmine M. Pariante, Christos Pantelis, Mark Weiser, Inge Winter-van Rossum, Philip McGuire, Paola Dazzan, Andre F. Marquand

“…T1-weighted brain magnetic resonance images from the GAP and OPTiMiSE samples were processed with Freesurfer V6.0.0 yielding 148 cortical thickness features. …”
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Automatic quality control of the numerical accuracy of EEG lead fields by Usama Riaz, Fuleah A Razzaq, Ariosky Areces-Gonzalez, Maria Carla Piastra, Maria L. Bringas Vega, Deirel Paz-Linares, Pedro A. Valdés-Sosa

“…Precise individualized EEG source localization is predicated on having accurate subject-specific Lead Fields (LFs) obtained from their Magnetic Resonance Images (MRI). LF calculation is a complex process involving several error-prone steps that start with obtaining a realistic head model from the MRI and finalizing with computationally expensive solvers such as the Boundary Element Method (BEM) or Finite Element Method (FEM). …”
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Diagnostic Value of Dynamic ¹⁸F-Fluorodeoxyglucose Positron Emission Tomography-Computed Tomography (¹⁸F-FDG PET-CT) in Cervical Lymph Node Metastasis of Naso... by Guanglie Li, Shuai Yang, Siyang Wang, Renwei Jiang, Xiwei Xu

“…Method: We first searched for cervical lymph nodes interested in static PET-CT, measured their SUV-Max values, and found the corresponding lymph nodes in magnetic resonance images before and after treatment. The valid or invalid groups were included according to the changes in lymph node size before and after treatment. …”
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