Interventions to reduce harm from continued tobacco use. by Lindson-Hawley, N, Hartmann-Boyce, J, Fanshawe, T, Begh, R, Farley, A, Lancaster, T

“…Where it was not possible to meta-analyse data, we summarized findings narratively. <br/>MAIN RESULTS: Twenty-four trials evaluated interventions to help those who smoke to cut down the amount smoked or to replace their regular cigarettes with PREPs, compared to placebo, brief intervention, or a comparison intervention. …”

FTIR studies of chemical processes by Few, J, Julian Few

“…While emission from NO₂ was observed, it was weak, and therefore it was concluded that the main reaction products were CO, O(³P) and NO X ²Π(<em>v</em> = 0). …”

Understanding the physics of perovskite solar cells for stable and efficient multijunction photovoltaics by Thiesbrummel, J

“…An increased mobile ion density with a corresponding increased field screening leads to a decrease in the steady-state power conversion efficiency mainly due to a large reduction in current density, while the efficiency at high scan speeds (>1000 V/s) where the ions are immobilised is much less affected. …”

Short-course oral steroids alone for chronic rhinosinusitis by Head, K, Chong, L, Hopkins, C, Philpott, C, Burton, M, Schilder, A

“…We used GRADE to assess the quality of the evidence for each outcome; this is indicated in italics. <strong>Main results:</strong> We included eight RCTs (474 randomised participants), which compared oral corticosteroids with placebo or no intervention. …”

Cholinesterase inhibitors for dementia with Lewy bodies, Parkinson's disease dementia and cognitive impairment in Parkinson's disease. by Rolinski, M, Fox, C, Maidment, I, Mcshane, R

“…Statistical analysis was conducted using Review Manager version 5.0. MAIN RESULTS: Six trials met the inclusion criteria for this review, in which a total of 1236 participants were randomised. …”

Vitrectomy with internal limiting membrane (ILM) peeling versus vitrectomy with no peeling for idiopathic full-thickness macular hole (FTMH) by Spiteri Cornish, K, Lois, N, Scott, N, Burr, J, Cook, J, Bochie, C, Tadayoni, R, La Cour, M, Christensen, U, Kwok, A

“…For two outcomes we also used the IPD to perform adjusted analyses using regression methods. MAIN RESULTS: We identified and included four RCTs; these were conducted in Denmark, France, Hong Kong and the United Kingdom/Republic of Ireland and randomised 47, 80, 49 and 141 participants respectively.There was no evidence of a difference in the primary outcome (distance visual acuity at six months), nor in distance visual acuity at 12 months between randomised groups. …”

A study of metastable atomic and molecular levels by Williams, O

“…Atomic recombination is slow so that the oxygen is present mainly in the atomic form.</p> The intensity of the 5577Å forbidden line was recorded as a function of time during the afterglow period which followed a discharge pulse. …”

Genome-wide genetic analyses highlight MAPK signalling in the pathogenesis of endometriosis by UImari, O, Rahmioglu, N, Nyholt, D, Vincent, K, Missmer, S, Becker, C, Morris, A, Montgomery, G, Zondervan, K

“…Statistical enrichment analysis was performed using the MAGENTA (Meta-Analysis Gene-set Enrichment of variaNT Associations) software.</p> <h4>Main Results and the Role of Chance</h4> <p>The first genome-wide association analysis for Stage A endometriosis revealed a novel locus, rs144240142 (P = 6.45 × 10−8, OR = 1.71, 95% CI = 1.23–2.37), an intronic single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) within MAP3K4. …”

Electronic cigarettes for smoking cessation and reduction. by McRobbie, H, Bullen, C, Hartmann-Boyce, J, Hajek, P

“…We included randomized cross-over trials and cohort follow-up studies that included at least one week of EC use for assessment of adverse events.One review author extracted data from the included studies and another checked them. Our main outcome measure was abstinence from smoking after at least six months follow-up, and we used the most rigorous definition available (continuous, biochemically validated, longest follow-up). …”

A national registry to assess the value of cardiovascular magnetic resonance imaging after primary percutaneous coronary intervention pathway activation: a feasibility cohort study by Harris, J, Brierley, R, Pufulete, M, Bucciarelli-Ducci, C, Stokes, E, Greenwood, J, Dorman, S, Anderson, R, Rogers, C, Wordsworth, S, Berry, S, Reeves, B

“…</jats:p> </jats:sec> <jats:sec id="abs1-7"> <jats:title>Main outcome measures</jats:title> <jats:p>A. Feasibility parameters – (1) patient consent implemented at all hospitals, (2) data extracted from more than one HIS and successfully linked for &gt; 90% of consented patients at all four hospitals, (3) HIS data successfully linked with Hospital Episode Statistics (HES) and Patient Episode Database Wales (PEDW) for &gt; 90% of consented patients at all four hospitals and (4) CMR requested and carried out for ≥ 10% of patients activating the PPCI pathway in CMR hospitals. …”

Traction control for electric vehicles with independently driven wheels by Ewin, N

“…</p> <p>A review of the literature shows that a wide range of control methods is used for traction control of EVs. These are mainly focused on control of an individual wheel, with only a minority being advanced to the experimental stage of verication. …”

Randomised controlled trials of conventional antipsychotic versus new atypical drugs, and new atypical drugs versus clozapine, in people with schizophrenia responding poorly to, or... by Lewis, S, Davies, L, Jones, P, Barnes, T, Murray, R, Kerwin, R, Taylor, D, Hayhurst, K, Markwick, A, Lloyd, H, Dunn, G

“…If the medication needed to be changed, the clinician was asked to prescribe another drug within the same class, if possible. Main outcome measures: The primary outcome was the Quality of Life Scale (QLS). …”

GABAergic cell types and modulation of GABAergic synaptic transmission by group III metabotropic glutamate receptors in the human neocortex by Lukacs, IP

“…I studied and compared the molecular expression and synaptic targets of DBCs and PMCs using immunohistochemistry and electron microscopy.</p> <p>My main results are the following: 1. I identified 5 different GABAergic interneuron types based on the distribution of their dendrites and axon, including DBCs, PMCs, axo-axonic cells (AACs), neurogliaform cells (NGCs) and rosehip cells (RHCs). 2. …”

Epidermal growth factor receptor blockers for the treatment of ovarian cancer by Morrison, J, Thoma, C, Goodall, R, Lyons, T, Gaitskell, K, Wiggans, A, Bryant, A

“…</p><p> Data collection and analysis: Two review authors independently abstracted data, assessed risk of bias, and performed GRADE assessment.</p><p> Main results: From 6105 references obtained through the literature search and an additional 15 references derived from grey literature searches, we identified seven RCTs that met our inclusion criteria and included 1725 participants. …”

Violence, socioeconomic disadvantage and interpersonal protective factors for adolescents’ resilience in education in the Eastern Cape, South Africa by Herrero-Romero, R

“…</p> <p><b>Policy considerations:</b> Three main policy considerations are suggested by these findings. …”

Seeing beyond the smoke: smallholder farming in Papua New Guinea in a changing world by Hazenbosch, M

“…Farmers highlighted that the main challenges they face included crop diseases of their cash crops, land shortages and lack of training. …”

Investigation of autoantibodies to soluble, onconeural or transmembrane autoantigens in patients with autoimmune-mediated neurological diseases by Chang, P-S

“…The same strategy did not work for Ma1, Ma2, CDR2, SOX1, and KLHL11 but they did over-express as cytosolic antigens. The main reason for the surface expression of these targets is to eliminate the background of cytosol and nuclear staining seen in fixed CBAs and immunohistochemistry (IHC).…”

Interventions for preventing weight gain after smoking cessation. by Parsons, A, Shraim, M, Inglis, J, Aveyard, P, Hajek, P

“…Where appropriate, we performed meta-analysis using the Mantel-Haenszel method for smoking and inverse variance for weight using a fixed-effect model. MAIN RESULTS: We found evidence that pharmacological interventions aimed at reducing post-cessation weight gain resulted in a significant reduction in weight gain at the end of treatment (dexfenfluramine (-2.50kg [-2.98kg to -2.02kg], fluoxetine (-0.80kg [-1.27kg to -0.33kg], phenylpropanolamine (PPA) (-0.50kg [-0.80kg to -0.20kg], naltrexone (-0.76kg [-1.51kg to -0.01kg])). …”

Bionomics of Anopheles latens in Kapit, Sarawak, Malaysian Borneo in relation to the transmission of zoonotic simian malaria parasite Plasmodium knowlesi by Tan, C.H., Vythilingam, I., Matusop, A., Chan, S.T., Singh, B.

“…Conclusion Anopheles latens is the main vector for P. knowlesi malaria parasites in the Kapit District of Sarawak, Malaysian Borneo. …”
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Psychological factors associated with body weight status among overweight and obese children in Kedah, Malaysia by Abdul Karim, Wan Mohd Nurussabah

“…However, from the study, either one of the classifications was recommended to be used to avoid confusion of main contributing factor. Which BWS classifications is more accurate was not studied. …”
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