Incentives for smoking cessation by Notley, C, Gentry, S, Livingstone-Banks, J, Bauld, L, Perera, R, Conde, M, Hartmann-Boyce, J

“…We analysed studies carried out in mixed populations separately from those carried out in pregnant populations. <p><strong> Main results</strong></p> Forty‐eight mixed‐population studies met our inclusion criteria, recruiting more than 21,924 participants; 15 of these are new to this version of the review. …”

Home monitoring with IT-supported specialist management versus home monitoring alone in patients with heart failure: design and baseline results of the SUPPORT-HF 2 randomized tria... by Rahimi, K, Woodward, M, Korshidi, R, Perez, A, Fernandez, C, Martin, M, Mohseni, H, Rodriguez, R, Allison, M, Conrad, N, Fleming-Brown, D, Hedgecott, D, Cross, D

“…Despite no active medical intervention, patients found the system useful, mainly because of the reassurance and sense of connectivity that the monitoring system provided.18 Building on these studies, we designed a trial to evaluate the efficacy of an IT-supported system for remote specialist medical management and patient support. …”

Alternatives, and adjuncts, to prophylactic platelet transfusion for people with haematological malignancies undergoing intensive chemotherapy or stem cell transplantation by Desborough, M, Estcourt, L, Doree, C, Trivella, M, Hopewell, S, Stanworth, S, Murphy, M

“…Two review authors assessed risk of bias in the included studies and extracted data independently. MAIN RESULTS: We identified 16 eligible trials. Four trials are ongoing and two have been completed but the results have not yet been published (trial completion dates: April 2012 to February 2017). …”

Coblation versus other surgical techniques for tonsillectomy by Pynnonen, M, Brinkmeier, J, Thorne, M, Chong, L, Burton, M

“…We used GRADE to assess the quality of the evidence for each outcome; this is indicated in italics. <strong>Main results</strong> We included 29 studies, with a total of 2561 participants. …”

Tobacco packaging design for reducing tobacco use by McNeill, A, Gravely, S, Hitchman, S, Bauld, L, Hammond, D, Hartmann-Boyce, J

“…We have summarised findings narratively.<br/><br/> Main results <br/> Fifty-one studies met our inclusion criteria, involving approximately 800,000 participants. …”

EEBO-TCP Phase 1 Texts (XML Files TEI P3) by Siefring, J, Huber, E, Blaney, J, Charles, S, Willcox, P

“…Any handwritten material has been excluded, and damage is indicated usually by a < GAP DESC=”illegible” >, but no information about the reason for damage is given; 4) Encoding of TCP texts is, in the main, structural. Textual divisions (and hierarchies) are defined and given a type. …”

Interventions to reduce tobacco use in people experiencing homelessness by Vijayaraghavan, M, Elser, H, Frazer, K, Lindson, N, Apollonio, D

“…We also extracted data on quit attempts, effects on mental and substance‐use severity, and meta‐analyzed these outcomes where sufficient data were available. <p><strong>Main results</strong></p> We identified 10 studies involving 1634 participants who smoked combustible tobacco at enrolment. …”

Transfusion of red blood cells stored for shorter versus longer duration for all conditions by Shah, A, Brunskill, S, Desborough, M, Doree, C, Trivella, M, Stanworth, S

“…<br/><br/> <strong>Data collection and analysis</strong> We used standard Cochrane methods. <br/><br/> <strong>Main results</strong> We included 22 trials (42,835 participants) in this review. …”

Too much, too little, too dirty: the evolution of water risks and governance in Guwahati, India by Fanaian, S

“…Through an integrated assessment of these three risks, I understand the difference (and similarities) in modes of governance based on a systems perspective that links social, urban and water systems. The main research objective is to understand how and why centralized models of urban governance develop and persist despite the diversity of actors involved in addressing water risks within resource-strapped intermediate riverine cities. …”

The manuscripts of Macrobius' Commentary on the Somnium Scipionis by Barker-Benfield, B

“…VI deals with an abbreviated form of the Macrobius' text, containing the mainly astronomical section from I.14, 21 to II.9, 10, found in many German manuscripts of the 10th and 11th centuries. …”

Ambivalent character of leave policies development in Croatia: between pronatalist and gender equality agenda by Dobrotic, I

“…On the one hand, with the onset of transition, Croatia has experienced a shift in main paradigm driving the leave policy development, which brought in new policy goals and instruments. …”

Interactive telemedicine: effects on professional practice and health care outcomes by Flodgren, G, Rachas, A, Farmer, A, Inzitari, M, Shepperd, S

“…We reported risk ratios (RR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) for dichotomous outcomes, and mean differences (MD) for continuous outcomes.We included 93 eligible trials (N = 22,047 participants), which evaluated the effectiveness of interactive TM delivered in addition to (32% of studies), as an alternative to (57% of studies), or partly substituted for usual care (11%) as compared to usual care alone.The included studies recruited patients with the following clinical conditions: cardiovascular disease (36), diabetes (21), respiratory conditions (9), mental health or substance abuse conditions (7), conditions requiring a specialist consultation (6), co morbidities (3), urogenital conditions (3), neurological injuries and conditions (2), gastrointestinal conditions (2), neonatal conditions requiring specialist care (2), solid organ transplantation (1), and cancer (1).Telemedicine provided remote monitoring (55 studies), or real-time video-conferencing (38 studies), which was used either alone or in combination. The main TM function varied depending on clinical condition, but fell typically into one of the following six categories, with some overlap: i) monitoring of a chronic condition to detect early signs of deterioration and prompt treatment and advice, (41); ii) provision of treatment or rehabilitation (12), for example the delivery of cognitive behavioural therapy, or incontinence training; iii) education and advice for self-management (23), for example nurses delivering education to patients with diabetes or providing support to parents of very low birth weight infants or to patients with home parenteral nutrition; iv) specialist consultations for diagnosis and treatment decisions (8), v) real-time assessment of clinical status, for example post-operative assessment after minor operation or follow-up after solid organ transplantation (8) vi), screening, for angina (1).The type of data transmitted by the patient, the frequency of data transfer, (e.g. telephone, e-mail, SMS) and frequency of interactions between patient and healthcare provider varied across studies, as did the type of healthcare provider/s and healthcare system involved in delivering the intervention.We found no difference between groups for all-cause mortality for patients with heart failure (16 studies; N = 5239; RR:0.89, 95% CI 0.76 to 1.03, P = 0.12; I(2) = 44%) (moderate to high certainty of evidence) at a median of six months follow-up. …”

A therapeutic-only versus prophylactic platelet transfusion strategy for preventing bleeding in patients with haematological disorders after myelosuppressive chemotherapy or stem c... by Crighton, GL, Estcourt, L, Wood, EM, Trivella, M, Doree, C, Stanworth, SJ

“…</p> <p><strong>Data collection and analysis</strong> We used standard methodological procedures expected by The Cochrane Collaboration.</p> <p><strong>Main results</strong> We identified seven RCTs that compared therapeutic platelet transfusions to prophylactic platelet transfusions in haematology patients undergoing myelosuppressive chemotherapy or HSCT. …”

Clinician-targeted interventions to influence antibiotic prescribing behaviour for acute respiratory infections in primary care: an overview of systematic reviews by Tonkin-Crine, S, Tan, P, van Hecke, O, Wang, K, Roberts, N, McCullough, A, Hansen, M, Butler, C, Mar, D

“…The results are presented as a narrative overview. </p><p> Main results: We included eight reviews in this overview: five Cochrane Reviews (33 included trials) and three non-Cochrane reviews (11 included trials). …”

Video feedback for parental sensitivity and attachment security in children under five years by O'Hara, L, Smith, ER, Barlow, J, Livingstone, N, Herath, NINS, Wei, Y, Spreckelsen, TF, Macdonald, G

“…</p> <p><strong>Data collection and analysis</strong></p> <p>We used standard methodological procedures expected by Cochrane.</p> <p><strong>Main results</strong></p> <p>This review includes 22 studies from seven countries in Europe and two countries in North America, with a total of 1889 randomised parent‐child dyads or family units. …”

Molecular probes for biological functions by Brocklehurst, J, Brocklehurst, J. R.

“…</li> <li>biochemical systems of differing complexity were studied using ANS (1-anilino-naphthalene-8-sulphonate) and other probes to see what sort of information this probe technique could give. The two main biochemical systems used were:- (i) the ligand induced conformational change of glutamate dehydrogenase (GDH) and, (ii) energy dependent structural changes in submitochondrial particles (SMP). …”

Saba Hassan - Thesis submitted in partial fulfilment of the degree of Doctor of Clinical Psychology (DClinPsych) by Hassan, S

“…In phase 3, staff rated their confidence and knowledge as being higher post training; main differences included psychological explanations of FOF and introduction of cognitive restructuring strategies. …”

Barriers and facilitators to healthcare workers’ adherence with infection prevention and control (IPC) guidelines for respiratory infectious diseases: a rapid qualitative evidence... by Houghton, C, Meskell, P, Delaney, H, Smalle, M, Glenton, C, Booth, A, Chan, XHS, Devane, D, Biesty, LM

“…We examined each review finding to identify factors that may influence intervention implementation and developed implications for practice. <br><br> <p><strong>Main results</strong> We found 36 relevant studies and sampled 20 of these studies for our analysis. …”

Modelling and optimisation of electrochemical and bioelectrochemical systems for environmental sustainability by Yang, Z

“…The contrasting results between different operating modes are shown to be mainly induced by the different length of the available time and the different manner of the substrate supply. …”

Ear drops for the removal of ear wax by Aaron, K, Cooper, T, Warner, L, Burton, M

“…We used GRADE to assess the quality of the evidence for each outcome; this is indicated in italics. <strong>Main results</strong> We included 10 studies, with 623 participants (900 ears). …”