THE SHIA ARMED GROUPS AND THE FUTURE OF IRAQ by Kardo Karim RACHED, Ahmed Omar BALI

“…In this article, we try to identify the impact of the Shia militias in Iraq on the future of this country. We maintain that these armed groups will be a destabilising factor for Iraq and its neighbours, and they will worsen and deepen the sectarian division in the Middle East. …”
Get full text

At the intersection of public and private morality by Anne Zimmerman

“…He aims to create a civilian militia to “physically stand in defense.”[8] While other states also have civil liberties extremists operating in a sphere well to the right of libertarians, the documented reasons to ignore a stay-at-home order or not issue them at all tend to have some link to advisors giving unscientific recommendations and people failing to believe the developing science supporting the high risk. …”
Get full text

Something Mightier: Marginalization, Occult Imaginations and the Youth Conflict in the Oil-Rich Niger Delta Etwas, das mächtiger ist: Marginalisierung, okkulte Vorstellungen und de... by Edlyne Anugwom

“…It argues that the asymmetric power between the federal government/transnational oil corporations (TNOCs) and the militias may have privileged the invocation of the supernatural as a critical agency of strength and courage by the youth militias. …”
Get full text

Can Volunteer Forces Deter Great Power War? Evidence from the Baltics by Lionel Beehner, Liam Collins

“…However, what about the resolve, resilience, and willingness of ordinary civilians who voluntarily organize and arm themselves as reservist militias to defend their homeland? Can well-armed volunteers in smaller states deter larger powers? …”
Get full text

Erdogan's Foreign Policy Against Kurds in Syria: A Turkish Military and Political Strategy by Diana Setiawati, Enno Haya Gladya Naranta

“…This includes changing Turkey's strategy to deal with Kurdish militias in Syria because Kurdish militias in Syria are considered dangerous by forming the PKK. …”
Get full text

Driving Out ISIS From Libya: What Lies Ahead? by Ahmad Saiful Rijal Hassan, Mohamed Sinan Siyech

“…Still the oil-rich nation is deeply divided by rival factions and armed militias.…”
Get full text
Get full text

The failure of democracy in Yemen: An analysis of external dimension by Fakirah, Galal Ibrahim

“…Within the events of the political crisis, that started to appear in 2006, and the failure of dialogue between the regime and the political opposition in 2010, and blow of Arab Spring winds to Yemen in the beginning of 2011, it appears clearly that democracy building strongly faced serious challenges and closing doors.Although the Gulf Cooperation Council's Initiative in Nov.2011 gave some hopes to find some outlets, and suggested what we call the transition period of two years in order to reach a presidential and parliamentary elections, the invasion of the Yemeni Capital in Sep. 2014 by Houthis militias, the cover allied between former president Salah and the Houthis militias, and the outbreak of armed extension by this militias to control the other govern orates all over the country, and hence the announcement of Zero Time to launch the Decisive Storm by the allied forces leaded by Saudi Arabia in March, 2015 to bring back the legitimate president Hadi to power, all these events stopped the process of democracy building and pushed this process to the Grand Failure Station. …”
Get full text

As Ordens Militares em combate nos finais da Idade Média: o caso da Guerra da Sucessão de Castela (1475-1479) by António Carlos Martins Costa

“…Within the peninsular area, where these militias were established since the twelfth century to fight the Muslims in the Reconquista, we can look at the hinge to modernity his martial aspect, not always considered by historiography for this time of transitions at war. …”
Get full text

Les régions anglophones du Cameroun, théâtre d’un conflit oublié by Serge Loungou, Serges Meye Ndong

“…The North-West and South-West regions of Cameroon, traditionally known as NOSO, are the scene of an armed conflict pitting government forces against pro-independence militias. This asymmetrical confrontation, which has its roots in the vicissitudes of the dual Franco-British colonial heritage, began in October 2017, when activists claiming to be from the Southern Cameroons Ambazonia Consortium United Front (SCACUF) symbolically proclaimed the independence of their regions under the banner of the "Republic of Ambazonia" and created armed militias to fight the presence of the Cameroonian state in the English-speaking zone. …”
Get full text

Produzione, commercio e modelli di armi nella Toscana duecentesca by Marco Merlo

“…The article aims to assess the material reality of the 13th century armaments in use by the Tuscan militias, through the analysis of written and iconographic sources.…”
Get full text

Adıyaman and Its Vicinity During the National Struggle by Hamdi Doğan

“…Besides Adıyaman, this article also deals with the military assistance given to the militias in Antep, Urfa and Maraş against the occupation by the French army. …”
Get full text

Contiguità, interclassismi e rotture rivoluzionarie nella Sicilia borbonica. Realtà e rappresentazione di un incerto sodalizio tra opposizione politica ed elementi criminali by Fabrizio LA MANNA

“…In particular, the essay analyzes the effects of the process of the democratization of violence, consisting in the management of latifundia through the use of private militias, composed of men belonging to criminal networks which progressively acquire greater autonomy. …”
Get full text

Dr. Carlos Manuel Miyares Cao, an example of an outstanding doctor by Ernesto Miyares Díaz

“…During his student life, he collaborated with important activities that took place at his time, being founder of the revolutionary militias. During his medical studies, he was a founder member of the University Militias "José Antonio Echeverría".  …”
Get full text

Pulperos, pardos and indepeendence in Venezuela. 1812-1814 by Jaika Tejada Soria

“…A particular case is to try to consolidate that blacks and duns militias should be apart from the whites, this also is demonstrated in the payments, since the whites pay more than the blacks and the dun ones. …”
Get full text

The militarization process in Tucumán during the first half of the 19th century: experiences and identities of the popular groups. by Marisa Davio

“…The process of institutionalization of the military force reverberated in the interpersonal area in the individuals who took part in the militias and the regular army during the irst half of the 19th century. …”
Get full text

The Kurdistan Independence Referendum and Constitutional Self-Determination by Omar Yousef Shehabi

“…In retrospect, Kurdish leaders seem to have overreached politically, as the Iraqi armed forces and allied militias have in recent days seized Kirkuk Governorate from Kurdish control. …”
Get full text

Ao Sul das Cortes: a Independência na Província do Rio Grande de São Pedro do Sul by Marcia Eckert Miranda

“…In this article, the Independence process in the Província de São Pedro is analyzed, taking into consideration the military character of this society, the importance of militias, the cleavages and debates as to the distinct political projects and the consolidation of the province's economical and political elites's interests in the paths of the old platin colonies.…”
Get full text

Migración y Milicia en la España trasatlántica del siglo XIX: auge y caída del imperialismo popular by Albert Garcia-Balañà

“…Colonial migration to metropolitan destinations (Cuba, Puerto Rico, Spanish Africa ...) and the formation of colonial militias, potential areas of social promotion and popular politicization. …”
Get full text

Catalysts and Networks for Stability by MGen Andy Salmon

“…Operation Charge of the Knights in the Spring of 2008, which cleared extremist militias out of Basra, created a strategic opportunity for building stability in that troubled Province. …”
Get full text

The Legacy of Civil War Dynamics: State Building in Mexico, 1810–1910 by Luz Marina Arias, Luis De la Calle

“…The analysis shows that municipalities where local militias were organized have a higher number of public servants and a larger budget per capita in the early 1900s than municipalities with an insurgent legacy, relative to those with no conflict. …”
Get full text