Preconditioning of Human Mesenchymal Stem Cells to Enhance Their Regulation of the Immune Response by Saparov, Arman, Ogay, Vyacheslav, Nurgozhin, Talgat, Jumabay, Medet, Chen, William C. W.

“…However, a harsh environment at the site of tissue injury/inflammation with insufficient oxygen supply, abundance of reactive oxygen species, and presence of other harmful molecules that damage the adoptively transferred cells collectively lead to low survival and engraftment of the transferred cells. …”
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Controlling topological entanglement in engineered protein hydrogels with a variety of thiol coupling chemistries by Tang, Shengchang, Olsen, Bradley D

“…The addition of trifunctional coupling agents causes incomplete crosslinking and introduces branching architecture to the protein molecules. The high-frequency plateau modulus and the entanglement plateau modulus can be tuned by changing the ratio of difunctional chain extender to the trifunctional branching unit. …”
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Terahertz multiheterodyne spectroscopy using laser frequency combs by Hayton, Darren J., Gao, Jian-Rong, Reno, John L., Yang, Yang, Burghoff, David Patrick, Hu, Qing

“…The terahertz region is of great importance for spectroscopy since many molecules have absorption fingerprints there. Frequency combs based on terahertz quantum cascade lasers feature broadband coverage and high output powers in a compact package, making them an attractive option for broadband spectroscopy. …”
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Metal–organic frameworks for electronics and photonics by Léonard, François, Dinca, Mircea

“…Because MOFs are composed of organic molecules linking metal centers in ways that are not usually conducive to the formation of free-charge carriers or low-energy charge-transport pathways, they are typically insulators. …”
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Molybdenum chloride catalysts for Z-selective olefin metathesis reactions by Koh, Ming Joo, Nguyen, Thach T., Torker, Sebastian, Hoveyda, Amir H., Lam, Jonathan K, Hyvl, Jakub, Schrock, Richard Royce

“…The use of such molybdenum monoaryloxide chloride complexes enables the synthesis of representative biologically active molecules and trifluoromethyl analogues of medicinally relevant compounds. …”
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Deconstruction of the Ras switching cycle through saturation mutagenesis by Bandaru, Pradeep, Shah, Neel H, Bhattacharyya, Moitrayee, Barton, John P, Kondo, Yasushi, Cofsky, Joshua C, Gee, Christine L, Chakraborty, Arup K, Kortemme, Tanja, Ranganathan, Rama, Kuriyan, John

“…Ras proteins are highly conserved signaling molecules that exhibit regulated, nucleotide-dependent switching between active and inactive states. …”
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Gas-Phase Structure Determination of Dihydroxycarbene, One of the Smallest Stable Singlet Carbenes by Crabtree, Kyle N., McCaslin, Laura, Martinez, Oscar, Stanton, John F., McCarthy, Michael C., Womack, Caroline C., Field, Robert W

“…Carbenes are reactive molecules of the form R[superscript 1]-C̈-R[superscript 2] that play a role in topics ranging from organic synthesis to gas‐phase oxidation chemistry. …”
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Hyperstage Graphite: Electrochemical Synthesis and Spontaneous Reactive Exfoliation by Jeon, Intak, Yoon, Bora, He, Maggie, Swager, Timothy M

“…An electrochemical method is reported for the formation of what is referred to as a Hyperstage-1 graphite intercalation compound (GIC), which has a very large interlayer spacing d[subscript 001] > 15.3 Å and contains disordered interstitial molecules/ions. This material is highly activated and undergoes spontaneous exfoliation when reacted with diazonium ions to produce soluble graphenes with high functionalization densities of one pendant aromatic ring for every 12 graphene carbons. …”
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Charge Recombination in Phosphorescent Organic Light-Emitting Diode Host–Guest Systems through QM/MM Simulations by Zhu, Tianyu, Van Voorhis, Troy

“…A new reaction coordinate is introduced to measure the electrostatic interactions between the host and guest molecules. Ionization potentials and electron affinities of the host show broader distributions as the host–guest interaction increases. …”
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Absolute Quantification of Matrix Metabolites Reveals the Dynamics of Mitochondrial Metabolism by Freinkman, Elizaveta, Birsoy, Kıvanç, Chen, Walter W., Wang, Tim, Sabatini, David

“…While metabolite profiling by mass spectrometry is widely applied at the whole-cell level, it is not routinely possible to measure the concentrations of small molecules in mammalian organelles. We describe a method for the rapid and specific isolation of mitochondria and use it in tandem with a database of predicted mitochondrial metabolites (“MITObolome”) to measure the matrix concentrations of more than 100 metabolites across various states of respiratory chain (RC) function. …”
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Multiplexed and portable nucleic acid detection platform with Cas13, Cas12a, and Csm6 by Kellner, Max J., Gootenberg, Jonathan S, Joung, Julia, Collins, James J., Zhang, Feng, Abudayyeh, Omar O.

“…We recently developed a platform termed SHERLOCK (specific high-sensitivity enzymatic reporter unlocking) that combines isothermal preamplification with Cas13 to detect single molecules of RNA or DNA. Through characterization of CRISPR enzymology and application development, we report here four advances integrated into SHERLOCK version 2 (SHERLOCKv2) (i) four-channel single-reaction multiplexing with orthogonal CRISPR enzymes; (ii) quantitative measurement of input as low as 2 attomolar; (iii) 3.5-fold increase in signal sensitivity by combining Cas13 with Csm6, an auxiliary CRISPR-associated enzyme; and (iv) lateral-flow readout. …”
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Antigen recognition-triggered drug delivery mediated by nanocapsule-functionalized cytotoxic T-cells by Mueller, Stephanie, Vrbanac, Vlad, Genel, Shy, Tager, Andrew M., Allen, Todd M., Jones, Richard Bradley, Kumari, Sudha, Walker, Bruce, Irvine, Darrell J

“…Cytotoxic T-Lymphocytes (CTLs) kill pathogen-infected or transformed cells following interaction of their T-cell receptors (TCRs) with foreign (e.g. virus-derived) peptides bound to MHC-I molecules on the target cell. TCR binding triggers CTLs to secrete perforin, which forms pores in the target cell membrane, promoting target death. …”
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A bottom-up perspective on ecosystem change in Mesozoic oceans by Knoll, Andrew H., Follows, Michael J

“…Another systemic change in Mesozoic marine ecosystems, less widely appreciated than the first, may help to explain the observed animal record. Fossils, biomarker molecules, and molecular clocks indicate a major shift in phytoplankton composition, as mixotrophic dinoflagellates, coccolithophorids and, later, diatoms radiated across shelves. …”
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A Time-Based Approach to Stochastic Modeling of Intracellular Signaling Events by Mayalu, Michaelle N, Asada, Haruhiko

“…The state of a particular node protein is dependent on the binding order of molecules from various pathways. The probability of a particular binding order is evaluated using state dependent transduction time probabilities associated with each pathway. …”
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Strong Electronic Coupling of Molecular Sites to Graphitic Electrodes via Pyrazine Conjugation by Zhang, Guanghui, Miller, Jeffrey T., Jackson, Megan, Oh, Seokjoon, Kaminsky, Corey Jarin, Chu, Sterling B, Surendranath, Yogesh

“…From these observations, we construct a mechanistic model for GCC sites in which ET behavior is identical to that of catalytically active metal surfaces rather than to that of molecules in solution. These results suggest that GCCs provide a versatile platform for bridging molecular and heterogeneous electrocatalysis.…”
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The Role of Hydrogen Bonding in the Folding/Unfolding Process of Hydrated Lysozyme: A Review of Recent NMR and FTIR Results by Mallamace, Domenico, Fazio, Enza, Corsaro, Carmelo, Mallamace, Francesco

“…The other important effect is performed by water molecules and by their ability to form a complex network of hydrogen bonds whose dynamics influence the mobility of protein amino acids. …”
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Xenoprotein engineering via synthetic libraries by Gates, Zachary P, Vinogradov, Alexander Alexandrovich, Quartararo, Anthony James, Bandyopadhyay, Anupam, Choo, Zi-Ning, Evans, Ethan Daniel, Halloran, Kathryn, Mijalis, Alexander James, Mong, Surin Khai, Simon, Mark, Standley, Eric Alan, Styduhar, Evan, Tasker, Sarah Zinnen, Touti, Faycal, Weber, Jessica Marie, Wilson, Jessica Laura, Jamison, Timothy F, Pentelute, Bradley L.

“…Chemical methods have enabled the total synthesis of protein molecules of ever-increasing size and complexity. However, methods to engineer synthetic proteins comprising noncanonical amino acids have not kept pace, even though this capability would be a distinct advantage of the total synthesis approach to protein science. …”
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Classifying superheavy elements by machine learning by Gong, Sheng, Wu, Wei, Wang, Fancy Qian, Liu, Jie, Zhao, Yu, Shen, Yiheng, Wang, Shuo, Sun, Qiang, Wang, Qian

“…For superheavy elements, although relativistic quantum-mechanical calculations for the single atoms are more accurate and reliable than those for their molecules and crystals, there is no study reported to classify elements solely based on atomic properties. …”
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Advances in Engineering and Application of Optogenetic Indicators for Neuroscience by Subach, Fedor V., Piatkevich, Kiryl D., Murdock, Mitchell H., Subach, Fedor V., Murdock, Mitchell

“…By monitoring key signaling molecules noninvasively, we can better appreciate how information is processed and integrated within intact circuits. …”
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Autonomously designed free-form 2D DNA origami by Zhang, Fei, Qi, Xiaodong, Yan, Hao, Jun, Hyungmin, Shepherd, Tyson R, Ratanalert, Sakul, Bathe, Mark

“…Scaffolded DNA origami offers the unique ability to organize molecules in nearly arbitrary spatial patterns at the nanometer scale, with wireframe designs further enabling complex 2D and 3D geometries with irregular boundaries and internal structures. …”
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