Reactive desorption electrospray ionization linear ion trap mass spectrometry of latest-generation counterfeit antimalarials via noncovalent complex formation. by Nyadong, L, Green, MD, De Jesus, V, Newton, P, Fernández, F

“…Besides its well-established high-throughput capabilities, a unique feature of DESI is that chemical reactions between the charged spray microdroplets and surface molecules can be exploited to enhance ionization. Here, we present a rapid screening assay for artesunate antimalarials based on reactive DESI. …”

Transcription of influenza A virus genes by Fodor, E, Poon, L, Mikulasova, A, Mingay, L, Brownlee, G

“…By contrast, polyadenylation of influenza virus mRNA molecules is performed by the viral RNA polymerase by reiterative copying of a U5-7 sequence near the 5' end of the vRNA template. …”

T cell development and T cell responses in mice with mutations affecting tyrosines 292 or 315 of the ZAP-70 protein tyrosine kinase. by Magnan, A, Di Bartolo, V, Mura, A, Boyer, C, Richelme, M, Lin, Y, Roure, A, Gillet, A, Arrieumerlou, C, Acuto, O, Malissen, B, Malissen, M

“…To address the role of these residues in T cell development and in the function of primary T cells, we have generated mice that express ZAP-70 molecules with Tyr to Phe substitution at position 292 (Y292F) or 315 (Y315F). …”

Stochasticity and spatial heterogeneity in T-cell activation. by Burroughs, N, Van Der Merwe, P

“…Activation occurs in an intrinsically noisy environment, requiring only a handful of agonist peptide-major histocompatibility complex molecules, thus making consideration of signal to noise of prime importance in understanding sensitivity and specificity. …”

Isotopic hydration of cellobiose: vibrational spectroscopy and dynamical simulations. by Pincu, M, Cocinero, E, Mayorkas, N, Brauer, B, Davis, B, Gerber, R, Simons, J

“…This conformation is maintained when the temperature is increased to ∼300 K and it continues to be maintained when the cellobiose (or lactose) unit is hydrated by one or two explicitly bound water molecules. Despite individual fluctuations in the intra- and intermolecular hydrogen bonding pattern and some local structural motions, the water molecules remain locally bound and the isolated carbohydrates remain trapped within the cis potential well. …”

Adaptation of HIV-1 to human leukocyte antigen class I. by Kawashima, Y, Pfafferott, K, Frater, J, Matthews, P, Payne, R, Addo, M, Gatanaga, H, Fujiwara, M, Hachiya, A, Koizumi, H, Kuse, N, Oka, S, Duda, A, Prendergast, A, Crawford, H, Leslie, A, Brumme, Z, Brumme, C, Allen, T, Brander, C, Kaslow, R, Tang, J, Hunter, E, Allen, S, Mulenga, J

“…A focal point is the interaction between genes encoding human leukocyte antigen (HLA) and those encoding HIV proteins. HLA molecules present fragments (epitopes) of HIV proteins on the surface of infected cells to enable immune recognition and killing by CD8(+) T cells; particular HLA molecules, such as HLA-B*57, HLA-B*27 and HLA-B*51, are more likely to mediate successful control of HIV infection. …”

The influenza A Virus M2 channel: a molecular modeling and simulation study by Sansom, M, Kerr, I, Smith, G, Son, H

“…The open channel is suggested to contain a wire of H-bonded water molecules which enables proton permeability.…”

Quantification of postprandial triglyceride-rich lipoproteins in healthy men by retinyl ester labeling and simultaneous measurement of apolipoproteins B-48 and B-100. by Karpe, F, Bell, M, Björkegren, J, Hamsten, A

“…Approximately 2000 and 4000 RP molecules were carried in each chylomicron particle in the 3- and 6-hour samples, respectively, in contrast to the remnant fractions in which 100 to 600 RP molecules were found for each lipoprotein particle. …”

Differences in apolipoprotein and lipid composition between human chylomicron remnants and very low density lipoproteins isolated from fasting and postprandial plasma. by Björkegren, J, Karpe, F, Milne, R, Hamsten, A

“…The triglyceride, cholesterol and apoC-II contents of large (Sf 60-400) chylomicron remnants were significantly higher compared with large VLDL particles, while the small (Sf 20-60) chylomicron remnants contained significantly more apoC-II molecules but fewer apoC-I molecules than small VLDL. …”

Synthesis and biology of resolvins D3, E1 and hybrids and synthesis of bridge-substituted bicyclo[1.1.1]pentanes by Urbitsch, F

“…Bridge-substituted BCPs were thought to arise from carbene insertion into 2-substituted bicyclo[1.1.0]butanes. These molecules are poorly precedented and three strategies were examined for their synthesis. …”

Halogen bonding interlocked host systems for recognition and sensing of anions by Mullaney, B, Benjamin Mullaney

“…</p> <p><em>Chapter 3</em> details the synthesis and anion complexation investigations of halogen and hydrogen bonding naphthalene-based acyclic and interlocked rotaxane host molecules.</p> <p><em>Chapter 4</em> presents receptors based on the 4,4'-bis-triazole-2,2'-bipyridyl motif. …”

IκB kinase 2 but not NF-κB-inducing kinase is essential for effective DC antigen presentation in the allogeneic mixed lymphocyte reaction by Andreakos, E, Smith, C, Monaco, C, Brennan, F, Foxwell, B, Feldmann, M

“…Using an adenoviral gene transfer method to efficiently express dominant-negative (dn) forms of these molecules in monocyte-derived DCs, we found that IKK2dn but not NIKdn inhibited the allogeneic MLR. …”

Activation of the immune-metabolic receptor GPR84 enhances inflammation and phagocytosis in macrophages by Recio, CP, Lucy, D, Purvis, GSD, Iveson, P, Zeboudj, L, Iqbal, AJ, Lin, D, O’Callaghan, C, Davison, L, Griesbach, E, Russell, AJ, Wynne, GM, Dib, L, Monaco, C, Greaves, DR

“…Ex vivo studies revealed that GPR84 mRNA expression is increased by LPS and other pro-inflammatory molecules in different murine and human macrophage populations. …”

Estimation of hepatitis B virus cccDNA persistence in chronic infection using within-host evolutionary rates by Lythgoe, KA, Lumley, SF, McKeating, JA, Matthews, PC

“…There is considerable interest in determining the lifespan of cccDNA molecules to design and evaluate new curative treatments. …”

Valpha24-JalphaQ-independent, CD1d-restricted recognition of alpha-galactosylceramide by human CD4(+) and CD8alphabeta(+) T lymphocytes. by Gadola, S, Dulphy, N, Salio, M, Cerundolo, V

“…In contrast to Valpha24(+)Vbeta11(+)NKT(inv) cells, Valpha24(-)/CD1d-alphaGC-specific T cells express either CD8alphabeta or CD4 molecules, but they are never CD4 CD8 double negative. …”

Prioritisation of active compounds that are novel scaffolds using a data-driven approach by Patel, H

“…<p>A primary aim of drug discovery is to find novel molecules that are active against a target of therapeutic relevance. …”

Toll-like receptor 8 agonist and bacteria trigger potent activation of innate immune cells in human liver by Jo, J, Tan, A, Ussher, J, Sandalova, E, Tang, X, Tan-Garcia, A, To, N, Hong, M, Chia, A, Gill, US, Kennedy, P, Tan, K, Lee, K, De Libero, G, Gehring, A, Willberg, C, Klenerman, P, Bertoletti, A

“…To understand whether hepatic immune cells tune their response to different infectious challenges, we probed mononuclear cells purified from human healthy and diseased livers with distinct pathogen-associated molecules. We discovered that only the TLR8 agonist ssRNA40 selectively activated liver-resident innate immune cells to produce substantial quantities of IFN-γ. …”

Quantifying conformational changes in the TCR:pMHC-I binding interface by McMaster, B, Thorpe, CJ, Rossjohn, J, Deane, CM, Koohy, H

“…Using their surface bound T cell antigen receptors (TCRs), these cells screen millions of antigens presented by major histocompatibility complex (MHC) or MHC-like molecules. In other protein families, the dynamics of protein-protein interactions have important implications for protein function. …”

The structure of guanosine-thymidine mismatches in B-DNA at 2.5-A resolution. by Hunter, W, Brown, T, Kneale, G, Anand, N, Rabinovich, D, Kennard, O

“…The hydration is also similar with solvent molecules bridging the functional groups of the bases via hydrogen bonds. …”

Synthesis of 3,4-fused y-lactone-y-lactam and y-lactonepyrrolidine bicyclic systems / Nur Aini Azib by Azib, Nur Aini

“…In this study, bicyclic moieties 3,4-fused y-lactone-y-lactam and y-lactone-pyrrolidine were chosen as the target molecules due to their highly functionalized structures and their ability to be bioactive 5,5-bicyclic molecules. …”
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