5-HT1A receptor sensitivity in major depression. A neuroendocrine study with buspirone. by Cowen, P, Power, A, Ware, C, Anderson, I

“…Within the limitations that attend the use of buspirone as a 5-HT1A probe, our data suggest that the decrement in serotonin neurotransmission at post-synaptic 5-HT1A receptors in depression is due to decreased serotonin release rather than impaired responsivity of post-synaptic 5-HT1A receptors.…”

Upregulation of AMPA receptor GluR2 (GluA2) subunits in subcortical ischemic vascular dementia is repressed in the presence of Alzheimer's disease. by Mohamed, N, Zhao, Y, Lee, J, Tan, MG, Esiri, M, Wilcock, G, Smith, A, Wong, P, Chen, C, Lai, M

“…Glutamatergic AMPA receptors are of clinical significance in dementia because of their roles in mediating fast excitatory neurotransmission and other synaptic events relevant to cognition. …”

State and trait abnormalities in serotonin function in major depression. by Bhagwagar, Z, Whale, R, Cowen, P

“…CONCLUSIONS: Our data support the proposal that some aspects of impaired 5-HT neurotransmission may be trait markers of vulnerability to depression. …”

Structure and function of the SIT1 proline transporter in complex with the COVID-19 receptor ACE2 by Li, HZ, Pike, ACW, Lotsaris, I, Chi, G, Hansen, JS, Lee, SC, Rödström, KEJ, Bushell, SR, Speedman, D, Evans, A, Wang, D, He, D, Shrestha, L, Nasrallah, C, Burgess-Brown, NA, Vandenberg, RJ, Dafforn, TR, Carpenter, EP, Sauer, DB

“…In addition to its crucial role in protein structure, the secondary amino acid modulates neurotransmission and regulates the kinetics of signaling proteins. …”

Targeting neuronal nitric oxide synthase with gene transfer to modulate cardiac autonomic function. by Mohan, R, Golding, S, Heaton, D, Danson, E, Paterson, D

“…Functionally, adenovirus-nNOS can increase cardiac vagal responsiveness by facilitating cholinergic neurotransmission and decrease beta-adrenergic excitability. …”

Hammerhead ribozymes reduce central nervous system (CNS)-derived neuronal nitric oxide synthase messenger RNA in a human cell line. by Maniotis, D, Wood, M, Phylactou, L

“…Neuronal nitric oxide synthase (nNOS) is an important molecule involved in normal central nervous system function (e.g. vasodilation, neurotransmission.) and disease (e.g. oxidative stress). …”

Evaluation of the effect of chronic antidepressant treatment on neurokinin-1 receptor expression in the rat brain. by Sartori, S, Burnet, P, Sharp, T, Singewald, N

“…Clinically effective antidepressants are thought to exert their therapeutic effects by facilitating central monoamine neurotransmission. However, recent data showing that neurokinin-1 receptor (NK1R) antagonists have antidepressant properties in both animal and clinical studies raise the possibility that classical antidepressants may also influence NK1R expression in the brain. …”

Comparison of neurochemical and BOLD signal contrast response functions in the human visual cortex by Ip, I, Emir, U, Parker, A, Campbell, J, Bridge, H

“…Our results suggest that complementary measures of neurotransmission and energy metabolism are in partial agreement: BOLD and glutamate signals were linear with image contrast, however a significant increase in glutamate concentration was evident only at the highest intensity level. …”

Cyclic nucleotide regulation of cardiac sympatho-vagal responsiveness. by Li, D, Paterson, D

“…Recent studies have identified that a significant component of autonomic dysfunction associated with several cardiovascular pathologies resides at the end organ, and is coupled to impairment of cyclic nucleotide targeted pathways linked to abnormal intracellular calcium handling and cardiac neurotransmission. Emerging evidence also suggests that cyclic nucleotide coupled phosphodiesterases (PDEs) play a key role limiting the hydrolysis of cAMP and cGMP in disease, and as a consequence this influences the action of the nucleotide on its downstream biological target. …”

Crystal structure of a human GABAA receptor by Miller, P, Aricescu, A

“…These results offer new insights into the signalling mechanisms of pentameric ligand-gated ion channels and enhance current understanding of GABAergic neurotransmission. © 2014 Macmillan Publishers Limited. …”

Dynamic tuneable G protein-coupled receptor monomer-dimer populations by Dijkman, P, Castell, O, Goddard, A, Munoz-Garcia, J, de Graaf, C, Wallace, M, Watts, A

“…G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) are the largest class of membrane receptors, playing a key role in the regulation of processes as varied as neurotransmission and immune response. Evidence for GPCR oligomerisation has been accumulating that challenges the idea that GPCRs function solely as monomeric receptors; however, GPCR oligomerisation remains controversial primarily due to the difficulties in comparing evidence from very different types of structural and dynamic data. …”

Antidopaminergic effects of dietary tyrosine depletion in healthy subjects and patients with manic illness. by McTavish, S, McPherson, M, Harmer, C, Clark, L, Sharp, T, Goodwin, G, Cowen, P

“…CONCLUSIONS; Decreased tyrosine availability to the brain attenuates pathological increases in dopamine neurotransmission following methamphetamine administration and putatively in mania.…”

Elevated cortical glutamate in young people at increased familial risk of depression. by Taylor, M, Mannie, Z, Norbury, R, Near, J, Cowen, P

“…These findings suggest that abnormalities in glutamate neurotransmission may reflect a trait marker of vulnerability to depression.…”

Neuregulin 1 and schizophrenia: genetics, gene expression, and neurobiology. by Harrison, P, Law, A

“…NRG1 is a pleiotropic growth factor, important in nervous system development and functioning; roles include the modulation of neuronal migration, synaptogenesis, gliogenesis, neuron-glia communication, myelination, and neurotransmission. Understanding the neurobiology of NRG1 and its involvement in schizophrenia is challenged by the complexity of the gene, which gives rise to multiple functionally distinct isoforms, including six "types" of NRG1 defined by 5' exon usage. …”

Biological insights from 108 schizophrenia-associated genetic loci. by Schizophrenia Working Group of the Psychiatric Genomics Consortium

“…Many findings have the potential to provide entirely new insights into aetiology, but associations at DRD2 and several genes involved in glutamatergic neurotransmission highlight molecules of known and potential therapeutic relevance to schizophrenia, and are consistent with leading pathophysiological hypotheses. …”

Synthesis, Cholinesterase Inhibitory Activity And Molecular Docking Study Of Piperidone-Grafted Pyrimidine And Thiazolopyrimidine Derivatives by Basiri, Alireza

“…Based on the cholinergic hypothesis, loss of cholinergic neurons in AD patients’ brain leads to the decline of acetylcholine (ACh) neurotransmitter level and eventually causes severe dysfunctions in the cholinergic neurotransmission. Thus, increasing the ACh levels is a promising therapeutic approach to restore the substantial impairment of memory and cognitive dysfunctions in AD patients. …”
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Impaired neuronal and vascular responses to angiotensin II in a rabbit congestive heart failure model by Alexander Nap, Charly NW Belterman, Marie-Jeanne Mathy, Jippe C Balt, Martin Pfaffendorf, Pieter A van Zwieten

“…Stimulation-evoked SNS-neurotransmission was similar in both groups (CHF versus control). …”
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Reward Deficiency Syndrome (RDS) Surprisingly Is Evolutionary and Found Everywhere: Is It “Blowin’ in the Wind”? by Kenneth Blum, Thomas McLaughlin, Abdalla Bowirrat, Edward J. Modestino, David Baron, Luis Llanos Gomez, Mauro Ceccanti, Eric R. Braverman, Panayotis K. Thanos, Jean Lud Cadet, Igor Elman, Rajendra D. Badgaiyan, Rehan Jalali, Richard Green, Thomas A. Simpatico, Ashim Gupta, Mark S. Gold

“…The resultant reward neurotransmission deficiencies interfere with the pleasure derived from satisfying powerful human physiological drives. …”
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Fractional amplitude of low-frequency fluctuations associated with μ-opioid and dopamine receptor distributions in the central nervous system after high-intensity exercise bouts by Henning Boecker, Marcel Daamen, Marcel Daamen, Angelika Maurer, Luisa Bodensohn, Judith Werkhausen, Marvin Lohaus, Christian Manunzio, Ursula Manunzio, Alexander Radbruch, Ulrike Attenberger, Juergen Dukart, Juergen Dukart, Neeraj Upadhyay

“…IntroductionDopaminergic, opiod and endocannabinoid neurotransmission are thought to play an important role in the neurobiology of acute exercise and, in particular, in mediating positive affective responses and reward processes. …”
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Differences in neurotoxic outcomes of organophosphorus pesticides revealed via multi-dimensional screening in adult and regenerating planarians by Danielle Ireland, Siqi Zhang, Veronica Bochenek, Jui-Hua Hsieh, Christina Rabeler, Zane Meyer, Zane Meyer, Eva-Maria S. Collins, Eva-Maria S. Collins, Eva-Maria S. Collins, Eva-Maria S. Collins, Eva-Maria S. Collins

“…Twenty-two “mechanistic control compounds” known to target pathways suggested in the literature to be affected by OPs (cholinergic neurotransmission, serotonin neurotransmission, endocannabinoid system, cytoskeleton, adenyl cyclase and oxidative stress) and 2 negative controls were also screened. …”
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