<i>Daphnia magna</i> Multigeneration Exposure to Carbendazim: Gene Transcription Responses by Ana Rita R. Silva, Patrícia V. Silva, Ana Raquel Soares, M. Nazaret González-Alcaraz, Cornelis A. M. van Gestel, Dick Roelofs, Gabriela Moura, Amadeu M. V. M. Soares, Susana Loureiro

“…The results showed that carbendazim caused changes in genes involved in the response to stress, DNA replication/repair, neurotransmission, ATP production, and lipid and carbohydrate metabolism at concentrations already found in the environment. …”
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A High-Sugar Diet Consumption, Metabolism and Health Impacts with a Focus on the Development of Substance Use Disorder: A Narrative Review by Kacper Witek, Karolina Wydra, Małgorzata Filip

“…Both food and addictive substances change the sensitivity of the brain rewarding neurotransmission signalling. The results of the collected studies could be important in assessing sugar intake, especially via maternal dietary patterns, from the clinical perspective of SUD prevention or pre-existing emotional disorders. …”
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Structural investigation of human cystine/glutamate antiporter system xc− (Sxc−) using homology modeling and molecular dynamics by Tran Dieu Hang, Huynh Minh Hung, Pauline Beckers, Nathalie Desmet, Mohamed Lamrani, Ann Massie, Emmanuel Hermans, Kenno Vanommeslaeghe

“…In addition, Sxc− is important in the central nervous system, playing a complex role in regulating glutamatergic neurotransmission and glutamate toxicity. Accordingly, this transporter is considered a potential target for the treatment of cancer as well as neurodegenerative diseases. …”
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Dopamine receptor DRD1 expression (mRNA, protein level) in peripheral blood lymphocytes and prognosis of antipsychotic therapy by A. M. Zabotina, A. S. Zhuravlev, M. N. Grunina, R. F. Nasyrova, E. V. Volkova, A. A. Tyurin, O. V. Limankin, A. P. Otmakhov, E. M. Krupitsky, N. G. Neznanov, A. E. Taraskina

“…Peripheral blood lymphocytes (PBL) are the research object of neurotransmission receptors.The objective was to study DRD1 gene expression (mRNA, protein level) in PBL as a possible biomarker of olanzapine and haloperidol therapy prognosis.Methods and Materials. …”
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Modulation of excitatory and inhibitory systems in autism spectrum disorder: the role of cannabinoids by S. Marini, L. D’Agostino, C. Ciamarra, A. Gentile

“…Although the etiopathogenesis of autism has not yet been elucidated, past literature has highlighted an imbalance between glutamatergic and gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA)-ergic neurotransmission (Harada et al. J Autism Dev Disord 2011;41:447-54.). …”
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The delta opioid receptor agonist KNT‐127 relieves innate anxiety‐like behavior in mice by suppressing transmission from the prelimbic cortex to basolateral amygdala by Ayako Kawaminami, Daisuke Yamada, Toshinori Yoshioka, Azumi Hatakeyama, Moeno Nishida, Keita Kajino, Tsuyoshi Saitoh, Hiroshi Nagase, Akiyoshi Saitoh

“…Abstract Aim Excitatory projections from the prelimbic cortex (PL) to the basolateral nucleus of the amygdala (BLA) are implicated in the regulation of anxiety‐like behaviors, and we previously demonstrated that anxiolytic‐like effects of the selective delta‐opioid receptor (DOP) agonist KNT‐127 is involved in suppressing glutamate neurotransmission in the PL. Here, we investigated the mechanisms underlying the anxiolytic‐like effect of KNT‐127 in mice by combining optogenetic stimulation of the PL–BLA pathway with behavioral analyses. …”
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SMN deficiency perturbs monoamine neurotransmitter metabolism in spinal muscular atrophy by Valeria Valsecchi, Francesco Errico, Valentina Bassareo, Carmen Marino, Tommaso Nuzzo, Paola Brancaccio, Giusy Laudati, Antonella Casamassa, Manuela Grimaldi, Adele D’Amico, Manolo Carta, Enrico Bertini, Giuseppe Pignataro, Anna Maria D’Ursi, Alessandro Usiello

“…Our findings highlight a previously unrecognized harmful influence of low SMN levels on the expression of critical enzymes involved in monoamine metabolism, suggesting that SMN-inducing therapies may modulate catecholamine neurotransmission. These results may also be relevant for setting therapeutic approaches to counteract peripheral metabolic defects in SMA.…”
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Clinical and Genetic Overview of Paroxysmal Movement Disorders and Episodic Ataxias by Giacomo Garone, Alessandro Capuano, Lorena Travaglini, Federica Graziola, Fabrizia Stregapede, Ginevra Zanni, Federico Vigevano, Enrico Bertini, Francesco Nicita

“…The wide number of genes involved in the pathogenesis of PMDs reflects a high complexity of molecular bases of neurotransmission in cerebellar and basal ganglia circuits. …”
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The κ-opioid receptor-induced autophagy is implicated in stress-driven synaptic alterations by Christos Karoussiotis, Aggeliki Sotiriou, Alexia Polissidis, Alexandra Symeonof, Danae Papavranoussi-Daponte, Vassiliki Nikoletopoulou, Zafiroula Georgoussi

“…Recent evidence has shown that G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) are direct sensors of the autophagic machinery and opioid receptors regulate neuronal plasticity and neurotransmission with an as yet unclarified mechanism. …”
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Multi-Targeting Neuroprotective Effects of <i>Syzygium aromaticum</i> Bud Extracts and Their Key Phytocompounds against Neurodegenerative Diseases by Himadri Sharma, Dan Yeong Kim, Kyu Hwan Shim, Niti Sharma, Seong Soo A. An

“…The complex AD pathophysiology involves various factors such as oxidative stress, neuroinflammation, amyloid-beta (Aβ) aggregation, disturbed neurotransmission, and apoptosis. The available drugs suffer from a range of side effects and are not able to cover different aspects of the disease. …”
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Association study between polymorphisms of dopamine transporter gene (SLC6A3), dopamine D1 receptor gene (DRD1), and autism by Azza Abdel Aziz Azzam, Dina Mohammad Rasheed Bahgat, Rasha Mohamad Hosny Shahin, Ranaih Massoud Azme Nasralla

“…The DA transporter gene SLC6A3 (solute carrier family 6, member 3) is a crucial regulator of DA homeostasis and neurotransmission. SLC6A3 gene has many polymorphisms which are associated with hangs in gene expression that may affect extracellular DA levels. …”
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371 Fractalkine isoforms using gene therapy differentially regulate microglia activation and vascular damage in the diabetic retina by Derek Rodriguez, Kaira A. Church, Alicia N. Pietramale, Sandra M. Cardona, Difernando Vanegas, Isabel A. Muzzio, Kevin R. Nash, Astrid E. Cardona

“…Future studies will test the effects of rAAV-sFKN and rAAV-mFKN on microglia inflammatory cytokine release, optic nerve damage and synaptic neurotransmission, peripheral immune responses, and transcriptomic changes in microglia during diabetes. …”
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Human Cystathionine γ-Lyase Is Inhibited by <i>s</i>-Nitrosation: A New Crosstalk Mechanism between NO and H₂S by Dalila G. F. Fernandes, João Nunes, Catarina S. Tomé, Karim Zuhra, João M. F. Costa, Alexandra M. M. Antunes, Alessandro Giuffrè, João B. Vicente

“…The ‘gasotransmitters’ hydrogen sulfide (H₂S), nitric oxide (NO), and carbon monoxide (CO) act as second messengers in human physiology, mediating signal transduction via interaction with or chemical modification of protein targets, thereby regulating processes such as neurotransmission, blood flow, immunomodulation, or energy metabolism. …”
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Involvement of Histamine H₃ Receptor Agonism in Premature Ejaculation Found by Studies in Rats by Kazuhiro Kiyohara, Daisuke Uta, Yuuya Nagaoka, Yurika Kino, Hideki Nonaka, Midori Ninomiya-Baba, Takuya Fujita

“…These findings indicate that H₃R stimulation suppresses mechanical stimuli-evoked neuronal firing in the spinal–penile neurotransmission system, thereby resulting in prolonged EL. …”
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Genetic variation of rs12918566 affects GRIN2A expression and is associated with spontaneous movement response during sevoflurane anesthesia induction by Ming‐Hua Chen, Chao Fang, Na‐Yiyuan Wu, Yu‐Hao Xia, You‐Jie Zeng, Wen Ouyang

“…Abstract N‐methyl‐D‐aspartate (NMDA) receptors mediate excitatory neurotransmission in the nervous system and are preferentially inhibited by general anesthetics such as sevoflurane. …”
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Decreased Brain Serotonin in <i>rbfox1</i> Mutant Zebrafish and Partial Reversion of Behavioural Alterations by the SSRI Fluoxetine by Maja R. Adel, Ester Antón-Galindo, Edurne Gago-Garcia, Angela Arias-Dimas, Concepció Arenas, Rafael Artuch, Bru Cormand, Noèlia Fernàndez-Castillo

“…A potential mechanism by which <i>RBFOX1</i> may impact these disorders is through its modulation of serotonergic neurotransmission, a common target for pharmacological intervention in psychiatric conditions linked to <i>RBFOX1</i>. …”
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Effect of salidroside on neuroprotection and psychiatric sequelae during the COVID-19 pandemic: A review by Ting Zhu, Hui Liu, Shiman Gao, Ning Jiang, Shuai Chen, Weijie Xie

“…Herein, we systematically summarise, analyse and discuss the therapeutic effects of salidroside in the prevention and treatment of psychiatric sequelae as well as its roles in preventing the progression of mental disorders, and fully clarify the potential of salidroside as a widely applicable agent for preventing mental disorders caused by stress; the mechanisms underlying the potential protective effects of salidroside are involved in the regulation of the oxidative stress, neuroinflammation, neural regeneration and cell apoptosis in the brain, the network homeostasis of neurotransmission, HPA axis and cholinergic system, and the improvement of synaptic plasticity. …”
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Unveiling the pathophysiology of restless legs syndrome through transcriptome analysis by Maria P. Mogavero, Michele Salemi, Giuseppe Lanza, Antonio Rinaldi, Giovanna Marchese, Maria Ravo, Maria Grazia Salluzzo, Amedeo Antoci, Lourdes M. DelRosso, Oliviero Bruni, Luigi Ferini-Strambi, Raffaele Ferri

“…Nine main different network groups were significantly dysregulated in RLS: infections, inflammation, immunology, neurodegeneration, cancer, neurotransmission and biological, blood and metabolic mechanisms. …”
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Advances in understanding the pathogenesis of post-traumatic epilepsy: a literature review by Mingzhu Fang, Mingzhu Fang, Wanyu Liu, Jinmei Tuo, Jinmei Tuo, Jinmei Tuo, Mei Liu, Mei Liu, Fangjing Li, Lijia Zhang, Changyin Yu, Changyin Yu, Zucai Xu, Zucai Xu

“…Over time, long-term changes in neural circuit tissues, especially in the neocortex and hippocampus, lead to an imbalance between excitatory and inhibitory neurotransmission and an increased risk of spontaneous seizures. …”
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BDNF/TrkB pathway activation in D1 receptor-expressing striatal projection neurons plays a protective role against L-DOPA-induced dyskinesia by Assunta Pelosi, Yukari Nakamura, Jean-Antoine Girault, Denis Hervé

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