GDF5 SNP rs143383 is associated with lumbar disc disease in northern European women. by Williams, F, Popham, M, Hart, D, de Schepper, E, Bierma-Zeinstra, S, Hofman, A, Uitterlinden, A, Arden, N, Cooper, C, Spector, T, Valdes, A, van Meurs, J

“…CONCLUSION: Using 5 population cohorts from Northern Europe we have identified a variant in the gene GDF5 as a risk factor for LDD in women. …”

Analysis of FGGY as a risk factor for sporadic amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. by Es, V, Van Vught, P, Veldink, J, Andersen, P, Birve, A, Lemmens, R, Cronin, S, Van Der Kooi, A, Visser, MD, Schelhaas, H, Hardiman, O, Ragoussis, I, Lambrechts, D, Robberecht, W, Wokke, J, Ophoff, R, Van Den Berg, L

“…We concluded that common genetic variation in FGGY is not associated with susceptibility to sporadic ALS in genetically homogeneous populations from northern Europe.…”

The 11-year solar cycle – mechanisms for surface impact. by Brown, M, Gray, L

“…The 11-year period solar cycle in the sun’s output impacts the winter surface climate of Northern Europe and the Atlantic. This occurs through a chain of dynamical processes, illustrated below, that we are only only just starting to understand. …”

GDF5 single-nucleotide polymorphism rs143383 is associated with lumbar disc degeneration in Northern European women. by Williams, F, Popham, M, Hart, D, de Schepper, E, Bierma-Zeinstra, S, Hofman, A, Uitterlinden, A, Arden, N, Cooper, C, Spector, T, Valdes, A, van Meurs, J

“…CONCLUSION: Our findings in 5 population cohorts from Northern Europe indicate that a variant in the GDF5 gene is a risk factor for LDD in women. …”

Carbon-isotope records of the Early Jurassic (Toarcian) oceanic anoxic event from the Valdorbia (Umbria-Marche Apennines) and Monte Mangart (Julian Alps) sections: palaeoceanograph... by Sabatino, N, Neri, R, Bellanca, A, Jenkyns, H, Baudin, F, Parisi, G, Masetti, D

“…These successions are characterized by the occurrence of black shales showing relatively low total organic carbon concentrations (compared with coeval strata in Northern Europe), generally <2% and low hydrogen indices. …”

An experimental and theoretical investigation of the migration of moisture in cocoa beans by Suddaby, Anthony J. R.

“…The aim of the research has been to determine experimentally the bulk moisture diffusion coefficient for cocoa, and, by quantifying it, to investigate the contribution of such diffusion to wetting and mould damage that has occurred on the surface of cargoes during shipment from West Africa to Northern Europe.…”
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New genes in inflammatory bowel disease: lessons for complex diseases? by Gaya, DR, Russell, RK, Nimmo, ER, Satsangi, J

“… <p style="text-align:justify;"> The chronic inflammatory bowel diseases Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis are common causes of gastrointestinal disease in northern Europe, affecting as many as one in 250 people. …”

Intercontinental influence of NO[subscript x] and CO emissions on particulate matter air quality by Leibensperger, Eric M., Mickley, Loretta J., Jacob, Daniel J., Barrett, Steven R. H.

“…US NO[subscript x] and CO emissions increase annual mean PM in northern Europe and eastern China by up to 0.25 μg m[superscript −3]. …”
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Variability of fish consumption within the 10 European countries participating in the European Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC) study by Welch, A, Lund, E, Amiano, P, Dorronsoro, M, Brustad, M, Kumle, M, Rodriguez, M, Lasheras, C, Janzon, L, Jansson, J, Luben, R, Spencer, E, Overvad, K, Tjønneland, A, Clavel-Chapelon, F, Linseisen, J, Klipstein-Grobusch, K, Benetou, V, Zavitsanos, X, Tumino, R, Galasso, R, Bueno-de-Mesquita, H, Ocké, M, Charrondière, U, Slimani, N

“…However, the greatest intake of very fatty fish was in the coastal areas of northern Europe (Denmark, Sweden and Norway) and in Germany. …”

Variability of fish consumption within the 10 European countries participating in the European Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC) study. by Welch, A, Lund, E, Amiano, P, Dorronsoro, M, Brustad, M, Kumle, M, Rodriguez, M, Lasheras, C, Janzon, L, Jansson, J, Luben, R, Spencer, E, Overvad, K, Tjønneland, A, Clavel-Chapelon, F, Linseisen, J, Klipstein-Grobusch, K, Benetou, V, Zavitsanos, X, Tumino, R, Galasso, R, Bueno-De-Mesquita, H, Ocké, M, Charrondière, U, Slimani, N

“…However, the greatest intake of very fatty fish was in the coastal areas of northern Europe (Denmark, Sweden and Norway) and in Germany. …”

Interpretations of footprints in the Bronze Age Rock Art of South Scandinavia by Skoglund, P, Nimura, C, Bradley, R

“…Although drawings of ships are most often discussed, this paper focuses on representations of feet. In Northern Europe ship motifs are often associated with cosmologies based on the movement of the sun. …”

Rock art: a marker of concepts and practices by Nimura, C, O'Sullivan, R, Hommel, P

“…In this paper, we discuss some of the methods used to analyse rock art and cultural connectivity, drawing on examples from three regions: Northern Europe, the Eurasian Steppe, and East Asia. We present ideas for how existing methods for this type of analysis could be reworked, specifically discussing multi-media comparison within archaeological contexts.…”

Visions of volcanoes by Pyle, D

“…This article explores written and visual representations of volcanoes and volcanic activity in the long nineteenth century, with the particular perspective of writers from the non-volcanic regions of northern Europe. I show how the language of fire was used in both first-hand and fictionalized accounts of people’s interactions with volcanoes and experiences of volcanic phenomena, and how the routine and often implicit linkage of ‘fire’ with ‘combustion’, as an explanation for the deep forces at play within and beneath volcanoes, slowly changed as the formal scientific study of volcanoes developed. …”

High Cretaceous biostratigraphy at Tercis, south-west France by Hancock, J, Peake, N, Burnett, J, Dhondt, A, Kennedy, W, Stokes, R

“…The appearance at Tercis of the much quoted Maastrichtian indices Hoploscaphites constrictus and Pachydiscus neubergicus is around the middle of the Lower Maastrichtian on the belemnite scale of northern Europe. The base of the Maastrichtian on the belemnite scale has not been fixed with precision in Tercis Quarry, but it must still be higher than the disappearance-level of Globotruncanita calcarata (Cushman). …”

High frequency of antibodies to IA-2, but lower frequencies of GAD65, ZnT8 and Tspan7 antibodies, in Asian patients with Type 1 diabetes by Tombs, M, Johnson, CC, McLaughlin, KA, Koh, A, Choon, W, Christie, MR, Boehm, BO

“…The incidence of Type 1 diabetes is substantially higher in Northern Europe than in Asia and this variation in disease incidence may be linked to differences in autoimmune responses to islet antigens such as proinsulin, glutamate decarboxylase (GAD65), IA-2, zinc transporter-8 (ZnT8) or the recently described autoantigen, tetraspanin-7 (Tspan7). …”

Meal patterns across 10 European countries – results from the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC) calibration study by Perez-Cornago, A, Huseinovic, E, Winkvist, A, Slimani, N, Park, M, Freisling, H, Boeing, H, Buckland, G, Schwingshackl, L, Weiderpass, E, Rostgaard-Hansen, A, Tjonneland, A, Affret, A, Boutron-Ruault, M, Fagherazzi, G, Katzke, V, Kuhn, T, Naska, A, Orfanos, P, Trichopolou, A, Pala, V, Palli, D, Ricceri, F, Santucci de Magistris, M, Tumino, R, Engeset, D, Emget, T, Skeie, G, Barricarte, A, Bonet, C, Chirlaque, M, Amiano, P, Quiros, J, Sanchez, M, Dias, J, Drake, I, Wennberg, M, Boer, J, Ocke, M, Verschuren, W, Lassale, C, Riboli, E, Ward, H, Berteus Forslund, H

“…Likewise, a south-north gradient was found for daily energy intake from snacks, with 13-20% (women) and 10-17% (men) in Mediterranean countries compared to 24-34% (women) and 23-35% (men) in central/northern Europe.</p> <h4>Conclusion</h4> <p>We found distinct differences in meal patterns with marked diversity for intake frequency and lunch and snack consumption between Mediterranean and central/northern European countries. …”

Reverse by Wang, Sijia

“…This fantasy novella tells the story of Harper, a girl from an East Asian family, who travels alone to a small town in Northern Europe to find solace before Christmas after breaking up with her girlfriend, because of her family’s objections. …”
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The Latin Life of Gruffudd ap Cynan, British kingdoms and the Scandinavian past by Winkler, E

“…Understudied despite the publication of Paul Russell’s edition (2005), the Vita Griffini Filii Conani remains a missing piece of a larger puzzle: the flourishing of Latin historical writing in eleventh- and twelfth-century Britain and northern Europe. This article sets the Vita in its wider British and European context, and assesses the significance of Gruffudd’s Scandinavian heritage against the realities of political experience. …”

Maastrichtian ammonites from the Biscay region (France, Spain) by Ward, P, Kennedy, W

“…This represents the most refined, and first properly documented, ammonite zonation for the Maastrichtian of western Europe, and can be directly correlated with the belemnite zonation developed for the white chalks of northern Europe. The extinction of the last ammonites, documented here, occurred at relatively high standing diversity and appears to have been sudden and catastrophic. …”

The waves at the Mulberry Harbours by Jackson, Z, Grey, S, Adcock, T, Taylor, P, Bidlot, J

“…The Mulberry Harbours were used during the Second World War as part of Operation Overlord, the invasion of northern Europe by the Allies in June 1944. This commenced with the D-Day landings on the Normandy beaches on 6th June. …”