Lack of decline in hepatitis C virus incidence among HIV-positive men who have sex with men during 1990–2014 by van Santen, D, van der Helm, J, Del Amo, J, Meyer, L, D'Arminio Monforte, A, Price, M, Béguelin, C, Zangerle, R, Sannes, M, Porter, K, Geskus, R, Prins, M

“…Trends differed by geographical region; while incidence appears to have stabilized in Western Europe and remained stable in Southern Europe, it continued to increase in Northern Europe in recent years. Time from HIV to HCV infection significantly decreased over calendar time (p<0.001).…”

Iron anchors and mooring in the ancient Mediterranean (until ca. 1500 CE) by Votruba, G

“…Reintroduction of upward-oriented arm designs from northern Europe around the 13th c. CE, and incorporation of hydraulic mechanized smithing developments, heralded a revolution of anchoring technology. …”

T cells, more than antibodies, may prevent symptoms developing from respiratory syncytial virus infections in older adults by Salaun, B, De Smedt, J, Vernhes, C, Moureau, A, Öner, D, Bastian, AR, Janssens, M, Balla-Jhagjhoorsingh, S, Aerssens, J, Lambert, C, Coenen, S, Butler, CC, Drysdale, SB, Wildenbeest, JG, Pollard, AJ, Openshaw, PJM, Bont, L

“…</p> <p><strong>Methods:</strong> This study formed part of the RESCEU older-adults prospective-cohort study in Northern Europe (2017–2019; NCT03621930) in which a thousand participants were followed over an RSV season. …”

No association between educational level and pancreatic cancer incidence in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition. by van Boeckel, P, Boshuizen, H, Siersema, P, Vrieling, A, Kunst, A, Ye, W, Sund, M, Michaud, D, Gallo, V, Spencer, E, Trichopoulou, A, Benetou, V, Orfanos, P, Cirera, L, Duell, E, Rohrmann, S, Hemann, S, Masala, G, Manjer, J, Mattiello, A, Lindkvist, B, Sánchez, M, Pala, V, Peeters, P, Braaten, T

“…In addition, no statistically significant associations were observed for age groups (adjusted RII(≤ 60 years)=0.85, 95% CI 0.44-1.64, adjusted RII(&gt;60 years)=1.18, 95% CI 0.73-1.90), gender (adjusted RII(male)=1.20, 95% CI 0.68-2.10, adjusted RII(female)=0.96, 95% CI 0.56-1.62) or geographical region (adjusted RII(Northern Europe)=1.14, 95% CI 0.81-1.61, adjusted RII(Middle Europe)=1.72, 95% CI 0.93-3.19, adjusted RII(Southern Europe)=0.75, 95% CI 0.32-1.80). …”

MtDNA diversity among four Portuguese autochthonous dog breeds: a fine-scale characterisation by Santa-Rita Pedro, Pereira Filipe, Pereira Luísa, van Asch Barbara, Lima Manuela, Amorim António

“…In contrast, the Azores Cattle Dog did not share any haplotypes with the other Portuguese breeds, but with dogs sampled in Northern Europe. This suggested that the Azores Cattle Dog descended maternally from Northern European dogs rather than Portuguese mainland dogs. …”
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Arctic Development in Connection with the Northern Sea Route: A Review of Ecological Risks and Ways to Avoid Them by Irina Makarova, Dmitry Makarov, Polina Buyvol, Aleksandr Barinov, Larysa Gubacheva, Eduard Mukhametdinov, Vadim Mavrin

“…As research methods, we have chosen system and comparative analyses of open sources; national development strategies of the Russian Federation (primarily), China, Northern Europe, and the USA (partially); and scientific articles from the Scopus and Elibrary databases. …”
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Barriers and bridges for sustaining functional habitat networks: A macroecological system analysis of wet grassland landscapes by Per Angelstam, Michael Manton, Ingrid Stjernquist, Tómas Grétar Gunnarsson, Richard Ottvall, Mats Rosenberg, Ole Thorup, Per Wedholm, Jaanus Elts, Davis Gruberts

“…We used evidence‐based knowledge and practical experience generated in three steps. (1) Experts from 8 wet grassland landscapes in northern Europe's west and east mapped factors linked to patterns and processes, and management and governance, in social‐ecological systems that affect states and trends of wet grasslands as green infrastructures for wader birds. (2) To understand wader conservation problems and their dynamic in wet grassland landscapes, and to identify key issues for successful conservation, we applied group modeling using causal loop diagram mapping. (3) Validation was made using the historic development in two additional wet grassland landscapes. …”
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Medieval Bourgeois Tenement Houses as an Archetype for Contemporary Architectural and Construction Solutions: The Example of Historic Downtown Gdańsk by Antoni Taraszkiewicz, Karol Grębowski, Karolina Taraszkiewicz, Jarosław Przewłócki

“…In the cities of northern Europe, these tenements were characterised by a block based on an elongated rectangular plan, covered with a gable roof with a ridge oriented perpendicularly to the street. …”
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Effects of invasive Rosa rugosa on Baltic coastal dune communities depend on dune age by Marcin W. Woch, Paweł Kapusta, Małgorzata Stanek, Katarzyna Możdżeń, Irena M. Grześ, Elżbieta Rożej-Pabijan, Anna M. Stefanowicz

“…It spreads spontaneously in coastal areas of western, central and northern Europe, posing a threat to dune habitats, including those indicated in the EU Habitats Directive as particularly valuable. …”
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Organising the self-employed: combining community unionism, coworking and cooperativism across contexts [version 1; peer review: 1 approved, 2 approved with reservations] by Paolo Borghi, Frederick Harry Pitts, Annalisa Murgia

“…Coworking.Union collaborated with Cooperative, a freelancer cooperative based in Northern Europe, with a view to emulate aspects of its model in the UK. …”
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Automated Indicator Mineral Analysis of Fine-Grained Till Associated with the Sisson W-Mo Deposit, New Brunswick, Canada by H. Donald Lougheed, M. Beth McClenaghan, Daniel Layton-Matthews, Matthew I. Leybourne, Agatha Natalie Dobosz

“…Exploration under thick glacial sediment cover is an important facet of modern mineral exploration in Canada and northern Europe. Till heavy mineral concentrate (HMC) indicator mineral methods are well established in exploration for diamonds, gold, and base metals in glaciated terrain. …”
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Regional climate model projections underestimate future warming due to missing plant physiological CO2 response by Clemens Schwingshackl, Edouard L Davin, Martin Hirschi, Silje Lund Sørland, Richard Wartenburger, Sonia I Seneviratne

“…Annual maximum temperatures rise additionally by about 0.6 K (0.1 K in southern, 1.2 K in northern Europe) by 2070–2099, explaining about 67% of the stronger annual maximum temperature increase in GCMs compared to RCMs. …”
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The baseline for micro- and mesoplastic pollution in open Baltic Sea and Gulf of Riga beach by Inta Dimante-Deimantovica, Alise Bebrite, Māris Skudra, Inga Retike, Maija Viška, Jānis Bikše, Marta Barone, Anda Prokopovica, Sanda Svipsta, Juris Aigars

“…Here, we set the baseline for micro- and mesoplastic pollution distribution in 24 beaches along the Latvian coastline (Northern Europe, Baltic states), filling the existing knowledge gap and contributing to the global understanding of microplastic particles presence, transport, and the processes governing its dynamics. …”
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Health Status of Bycaught Common Eiders (<i>Somateria mollissima</i>) from the Western Baltic Sea by Luca A. Schick, Peter Wohlsein, Silke Rautenschlein, Arne Jung, Joy Ometere Boyi, Gildas Glemarec, Anne-Mette Kroner, Stefanie A. Barth, Ursula Siebert

“…The Common Eider (<i>Somateria mollissima</i>) inhabits the entire northern hemisphere. In northern Europe, the flyway population reaches from the southern Wadden Sea to the northern Baltic coast. …”
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Competition between Usutu virus and West Nile virus during simultaneous and sequential infection of Culex pipiens mosquitoes by Haidong Wang, Sandra R. Abbo, Tessa M. Visser, Marcel Westenberg, Corinne Geertsema, Jelke J. Fros, Constantianus J. M. Koenraadt, Gorben P. Pijlman

“…In recent years, WNV is also frequently detected in Northern Europe, thereby expanding the area where both viruses co-circulate. …”
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Molting incidents of Hyalomma spp. carrying human pathogens in Germany under different weather conditions by Lidia Chitimia-Dobler, Andrea Springer, Daniel Lang, Alexander Lindau, Katrin Fachet, Gerhard Dobler, Ard M. Nijhof, Christina Strube, Ute Mackenstedt

“…Abstract Background Hyalomma marginatum and H. rufipes are two-host tick species, which are mainly distributed in southern Europe, Africa to central Asia but may also be found in Central and Northern Europe through introduction by migratory birds. …”
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More than three-fold increase in compound soil and air dryness across Europe by the end of 21st century by Ankit Shekhar, Nina Buchmann, Vincent Humphrey, Mana Gharun

“…Our results also indicate that this increase in frequency of extreme compound dryness (between reference and 1991–2021 period) is largely due to increased SM-VPD coupling across Northern Europe, and due to decreasing SM and/or increasing VPD trend across Central and Mediterranean Europe. …”
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The quasi 16-day wave in mesospheric water vapor during boreal winter 2011/2012 by D. Scheiben, B. Tschanz, K. Hocke, N. Kämpfer, S. Ka, J. J. Oh

“…The activity of the quasi 16-day wave in mesospheric water vapor during boreal winter 2011/2012 is strongest over northern Europe, the North Atlantic Ocean and northwestern Canada. …”
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High Species Diversity but Low Specificity to Ectomycorrhizal Tree Partners Exhibited by Native Truffle Species (<i>Tuber</i> spp., Pezizales) in Poland, Central Europe by Robin Wilgan

“…Among them, about 80% of truffle species were widely distributed across the continent and represented by similar or higher numbers of records in Northern Europe, i.e., above the 48th parallel north, than in Southern Europe. …”
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Atmospheric processes affecting the separation of volcanic ash and SO₂ in volcanic eruptions: inferences from the May 2011 Grímsvötn eruption by F. Prata, M. Woodhouse, H. E. Huppert, A. Prata, T. Thordarson, S. Carn

“…The eruption of Grímsvötn, a subglacial volcano under the Vatnajökull glacier in Iceland during 21–28 May 2011 produced one of the most spectacular examples of ash and SO₂ separation, which led to errors in the forecasting of ash in the atmosphere over northern Europe. Satellite data from several sources coupled with meteorological wind data and photographic evidence suggest that the eruption column was unable to sustain itself, resulting in a large deposition of ash, which left a low-level ash-rich atmospheric plume moving southwards and then eastwards towards the southern Scandinavian coast and a high-level predominantly SO₂ plume travelling northwards and then spreading eastwards and westwards. …”
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