Sedentism and plant cultivation in northeast China emerged during affluent conditions. by Gideon Shelach-Lavi, Mingyu Teng, Yonaton Goldsmith, Ido Wachtel, Chris J Stevens, Ofer Marder, Xiongfei Wan, Xiaohong Wu, Dongdong Tu, Roi Shavit, Pratigya Polissar, Hai Xu, Dorian Q Fuller

“…Here we present results of excavations of two single-occupation early Neolithic sites (dated to 7.9 and 7.4 ka) and two high-resolution archaeological surveys in northeast China, which capture the earliest stages of sedentism and millet cultivation in the second oldest center of domestication in the Old World. The transition to sedentism coincided with a significant transition to wetter conditions in north China, at 8.1-7.9 ka. …”
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Prevalence of Ehrlichia canis and Hepatozoon canis in sheltered dogs in southern Aburrá Valley, Colombia by Azucena Cabrera-Jaramillo, Santiago Monsalve, Esteban Arroyave, Juan-David Rodas

“…Only one sequence of H. canis exhibited a phylogenic divergence concerning H. canis previously reported in Brazil and the Old World. Conclusions: This study confirms the circulation of E. canis and H. canis in asymptomatic shelter dogs in the south-central zone of the Aburrá Valley, province of Antioquia, Colombia. …”
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Molecular identification of Leishmania isolates obtained from patients suspected as having cutaneous leishmaniasis referred to reference laboratories from Yazd province in central... by Farzaneh Mirzaie, Gilda Eslami, Mohammad Hossein Yosefi, Nader Pestehchian

“…The dominant etiologic agents of CL in the Old World are Leishmania major and Leishmania tropica. …”
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Rip Van Winkle’s Coat: Inheriting the American Republic by Matthew Redmond

“…Paine and Jefferson, in propounding their vision of a new republic detached from Old World tyranny, continually assert every generation’s right to take only what it desires from prior generations, the better to reshape themselves and their nation as they see fit. …”
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Evidence for a higher number of species of Odontotermes (Isoptera) than currently known from Peninsular Malaysia from mitochondrial DNA phylogenies. by Shawn Cheng, Laurence G Kirton, Jothi M Panandam, Siti S Siraj, Kevin Kit-Siong Ng, Soon-Guan Tan

“…Termites of the genus Odontotermes are important decomposers in the Old World tropics and are sometimes important pests of crops, timber and trees. …”
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Review of Mammarenavirus Biology and Replication by Steven J. Hallam, Takaaki Koma, Junki Maruyama, Slobodan Paessler

“…The Mammarenaviruses contain viruses responsible for causing human hemorrhagic fever diseases including New World viruses Junin, Machupo, Guanarito, Sabia, and Chapare virus and Old World viruses Lassa, and Lujo virus. These two groups of arenaviruses share the same genome organization composed of two ambisense RNA segments. …”
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Large-scale analysis of <it>Macaca fascicularis </it>transcripts and inference of genetic divergence between <it>M. fascicularis </it>and <it>M. mulatta</it> by Sugano Sumio, Suzuki Yutaka, Hida Munetomo, Inoue Itsuro, Uno Yasuhiro, Tanuma Reiko, Hirata Makoto, Kameoka Yosuke, Hashimoto Katsuyuki, Osada Naoki, Terao Keiji, Kusuda Jun, Takahashi Ichiro

“…</p> <p>Conclusion</p> <p>Transcript data from Old World monkeys provide a means not only to determine the evolutionary difference between human and non-human primates but also to unveil hidden transcripts in the human genome. …”
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Grooming up the hierarchy: the exchange of grooming and rank-related benefits in a new world primate. by Barbara Tiddi, Filippo Aureli, Gabriele Schino

“…Therefore, allogrooming is expected to be directed up the dominance hierarchy and to occur more often between females with adjacent ranks. Although data from Old World primates generally support the model, studies on the relation between grooming and dominance rank in the New World genus Cebus have found conflicting results, showing considerable variability across groups and species. …”
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Wine Tourism in the Valencian Community: A Comparative Analysis by Bartolomé Marco-Lajara, Patrocinio Zaragoza-Sáez, Javier Martínez-Falcó, Armand Gilinsky

“…Wine tourism is increasingly considered as a strategic element in the wine producing countries of the Old World. In the case of Spain, several researchers have studied the role of wine routes in boosting the competitiveness of a territory, increasing wine production, improving the quality of life of citizens and the respect for the environment. …”
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The Acari Hypothesis, IV: revisiting the role of hygiene in allergy by Andrew C. Retzinger, Gregory S. Retzinger

“…In this report, it is proposed that two adaptations of catarrhine primates, i.e., Old World monkeys, apes and humans, evolved to deter acarian species: firstly, the expansion of eccrine glands across the entirety of body surface area, and, secondly, the secretion of sweat by those glands. …”
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Evidence for restriction of ancient primate gammaretroviruses by APOBEC3 but not TRIM5alpha proteins. by David Perez-Caballero, Steven J Soll, Paul D Bieniasz

“…These endogenous retroviruses appear quite widespread in the genomes of old world primates but failed to colonize the human germline. …”
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Evolutionary time-scale of the begomoviruses: evidence from integrated sequences in the Nicotiana genome. by Pierre Lefeuvre, Gordon W Harkins, Jean-Michel Lett, Rob W Briddon, Mark W Chase, Benoit Moury, Darren P Martin

“…We evaluate these various geminivirus origin hypotheses using Bayesian coalescent-based approaches to date firstly the Nicotiana GRD integration events, and then the divergence of the NW and Old-World (OW) begomoviruses. Besides rejecting the possibility of a<2 MYA OW-NW begomovirus split, we could also discount that it may have occurred concomitantly with the breakup of Gondwanaland 110 MYA. …”
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Phylogenetic study and taxonomic revision of the Xanthoparmelia mexicana group, including the description of a new species (Parmeliaceae, Ascomycota) by Alejandrina Barcenas-Peña, Steven D. Leavitt, Jen-Pan Huang, Felix Grewe, H. Thorsten Lumbsch

“…X. mexicana s. str. is less isidiate than X. pedregalensis and has salazinic and consalazinic acid, occasionally with norstictic acid; whereas X. pedregalensis contains salazinic and norstictic acids and an unknown substance. Samples from the Old World, morphologically agreeing with X. mexicana, are only distantly related to X. mexicana s. str. …”
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A comparison of humans and baboons suggests germline mutation rates do not track cell divisions. by Felix L Wu, Alva I Strand, Laura A Cox, Carole Ober, Jeffrey D Wall, Priya Moorjani, Molly Przeworski

“…Our mutation rate estimates for baboons raise a further puzzle, suggesting a divergence time between apes and Old World monkeys of 65 million years, too old to be consistent with the fossil record; reconciling them now requires not only a slowdown of the mutation rate per generation in humans but also in baboons.…”
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Evolution of <it>African cassava mosaic virus </it>by recombination between bipartite and monopartite begomoviruses by Tiendrébéogo Fidèle, Lefeuvre Pierre, Hoareau Murielle, Harimalala Mireille A, De Bruyn Alexandre, Villemot Julie, Traoré Valentin SE, Konaté Gnissa, Traoré Alfred S, Barro Nicolas, Reynaud Bernard, Traoré Oumar, Lett Jean-Michel

“…Since all genomic components have a typical genome organization of Old World bipartite begomoviruses, this new species was provisionally named African cassava mosaic Burkina Faso virus (ACMBFV). …”
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Examination of the APOBEC3 Barrier to Cross Species Transmission of Primate Lentiviruses by Amit Gaba, Ben Flath, Linda Chelico

“…SIV has been transmitted between Old World Monkeys and to hominids. Here we examine the adaptations that enabled such events and the ongoing impact of the APOBEC3-Vif interface on HIV in humans.…”
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Comparative descriptions of the pupae of five species of the <i>Culicoides imicola complex</i> (Diptera, Ceratopogonidae) from South Africa by Hilda Nevill, G.J. Venter, R. Meiswinkel, E.M. Nevill

“…The viruses causing the economically important livestock diseases of African horse sickness (AHS) and bluetongue (BT) are transmitted by biting midges of the genus Culicoides (Diptera, Cerato po gonidae). In the Old World the most important vectors of these diseases are Culicoides imicola Kieffer, 1913, Culicoides brevitarsis Kieffer, 1917 and Culicoides bolitinos Meiswinkel, 1989. …”
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Battle in the New World: Helicoverpa armigera versus Helicoverpa zea (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae). by José P F Bentivenha, Silvana V Paula-Moraes, Edson L L Baldin, Alexandre Specht, Ivana F da Silva, Thomas E Hunt

“…The corn earworm Helicoverpa zea (Boddie) and the old world bollworm Helicoverpa armigera (Hübner) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) are allopatric species and occur in important agricultural crops. …”
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Saurios de Colombia: Lista actualizada, y distribución de ejemplares colombianos en los museos Saurios de Colombia: Lista actualizada, y distribución de ejemplares colombianos en l... by Ayala Stephen C.

“…For each species there is the name, author, year described, a list of the states where museum specimens were captured, and an overall list of New and Old World museums having Colombian specimens in their</span></p> <span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: ";Times New Roman";,";serif";;">collection.…”
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Taxonomic and systematic revisions to the North American Nimravidae (Mammalia, Carnivora) by Paul Z. Barrett

“…Eusmilus is determined to represent a non-valid genus for North American taxa, suggesting non-validity for Old World nimravid species as well. Finally, Hoplophoneus mentalis is found to be a junior synonym of Hoplophoneus primaevus, while the validity of Hoplophoneus oharrai is reinstated.…”
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