Xanthogranulomatous Pyelonephritis in a Transplant Kidney Leading to Severe Allograft Dysfunction by Usman Baig, Ahmad Mirza, Payaswini Vasanth, Laura Mulloy, Shameem Beigh, Imran Gani

“…Transplant kidney biopsy was consistent with the diagnosis of XPN, showing xanthoma cells, which are pathognomonic for this condition. Following antibiotic treatment, allograft function improved and return to dialysis was averted. …”
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Tumor carcinóide: contributo da ecocardiografia para o diagnóstico. by Pedro Amador, Lígia Mendes, Sara Gonçalves, José Ferreira Santos, Filipe Seixo, Leonor Parreira, Luís Soares

“…The patient was treated with furosemide, warfarine, digoxin and octreotide and there was clinical improvement.The echocardiogram was very useful, establishing the provisory diagnosis of a rare disease based on pathognomonic echocardiographic features.…”
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A Case of Paraneoplastic Anti-TIF1-γ Antibody-Positive Dermatomyositis Presenting with Generalized Edema and Associated with Aortic Aneurysm by Raven Bennett, Katherine Bradley, Iman Salem, David Weiner, Dhrumil Patel, Jeffrey Cloutier, Nicole Pace, Dorothea Barton

“…Dermatomyositis (DM) is a rare autoimmune inflammatory disease characterized by pathognomonic skin findings, often accompanied by myositis beginning with proximal weakness [...]…”
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Obstructive sleep apnoea with co existent Kleine-Levine syndrome in a middle-aged man by Gopal Chawla, Ram Niwas, Naveen Dutt, Mukesh Kumar Swamy

“…Hypersomnia is a symptom which is pathognomonic of patients with Kleine-Levin syndrome (KLS), but the cause of this finding remains undefined. …”
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Case Report: Sapho Syndrome Previously Mistaken for Paget's Disease by Shane T. Musick, Nathan Hill

“…After an MVA, the full extent of his disease was detected via incidental imaging, which demonstrated sclerosis and ankylosis of the lumbar spine, sclerosis of the clavicles, and the pathognomonic bull’s head configuration on bone scan. …”

IMUNOHISTOKIMIA PADA KONDILOMATA AKUMINATA by Meidyta Sinantryana Widyaswari, Hans Lumintang, Troef Soemarno

“…Koilocytes considered pathognomonic for HPV lesions, these findings sometimes don’t appear on CA, and histopathology was not accurate, that immunohistochemistry with MIB-1 (Ki-67) and p16 can beused. …”
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Mitral bones in mitral stenosis: A rare presentation by Onteddu Joji Reddy, Polysetty Obuleswar Prasad, Jamkhana Abdul Gafoor, Munirajulu Rajanikanth

“…Pulmonary ossification is a rare late sequelae that is virtually pathognomonic of mitral stenosis. Mitral bone is nothing but pulmonary ossification that can be seen in cases of severe Mitral stenosis. …”
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Tracking the emergence of a novel genotype of Decapod hepanhamaparvovirus in shrimp using laser microdissection and next generation sequencing. by Roberto Cruz-Flores, Arun K Dhar

“…Employing Laser Microdissection (LMD), we dissected cells containing intranuclear inclusion bodies pathognomonic for DHPV infection from histological sections. …”
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Surgical excision and distilled water lysis of a congenital corneal intrastromal cyst by Leanne M. Little, M.D., Craig W. See, M.D.

“…The authors propose that OCT findings are pathognomonic for corneal intrastromal cysts and that cyst excision combined with distilled water osmolysis at the time of debridement may be beneficial in conserving tissue integrity.…”
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A complicated path to the CRMO diagnosis – case of a 9 year old girl whose story comes full circle by Joanna Świdrowska-Jaros, Elżbieta Smolewska

“…It is a diagnosis of exclusions since no clinical signs and symptoms are pathognomonic. Radiological tests are often essential, but bone biopsy may be needed in unclear cases. …”
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Tuberculous osteomyelitis of the scapula masquerading as metastasis by Ashish Singh, Parangama Chatterjee

“…However, as there are no pathognomonic imaging findings, the diagnosis rests on histopathological and microbiological confirmation. …”
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Facial plexiform neurofibroma in a 13-year-old girl with neurofibromatosis-1 by Satya Ranjan Misra, G Maragathavalli, Pavitra Baskaran, Varun Rastogi

“…These lesions frequently involve the trigeminal or upper cervical nerves- Though plexiform neurofibroma occurs in only 5% of patients with NF 1, it is considered pathognomonic feature of NF1. We present a case of plexiform neurofibroma in the left side of the face in a 13-year-old girl with NF1.…”
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Inflammatory pseudotumor of the lung, report of a patient by Gustavo Alonso Pérez Zavala, Francisco Javier Paz Peña, Barbarita Chirino Rivero, Johamel Ramos Valdés

“…Endobronchial lesion is an unusual event characterized by being a mesenchymatous tumor lack of typical clinical expression, with common symptoms in other diseases without pathognomonic clinical signs that describe it; diagnosis is usually histological and histochemical analysis of biopsy. …”
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Osteoid osteoma in a 16-year-old boy presenting with atrophy of the left thigh: diagnostic difficulties by Sinem Akgül, Akin Uzümcügil, M Fani Bozkurt, Meral Topçu

“… Osteoid osteoma is an osteoblastic benign lesion of the bone. The pathognomonic symptom is significant pain, which responds well to nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs. …”
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A case of Erdheim-Chester disease initially mistaken for retroperitoneal lymphoma by Sharifa K. Alduraibi, MD

“…Nonetheless, it is important to recognize both its unique radiographic findings, particularly, symmetric patchy sclerosis of the long bones, and the pathognomonic infiltration of foamy histiocytes with dense fibrosis, as patients can benefit from interferon-alpha therapy if ECD is established. …”
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Carcinomas in the bladder with papillary and pseudopapillary morphology - not always urothelial by Daniel Abensur Athanazio, Maiara Ferreira de Souza, Maria Estela Pompeu do Amaral

“…In many instances, the presence of papillary morphology is reassuring of the urothelial histogenesis of a high-grade invasive lesion but is not pathognomonic. Case presentation We reported herein four cases of carcinomas in the bladder with papillary morphology that had a final diagnosis different from urothelial carcinoma (3% of cases in a 42-month period). …”
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Cervicofacial Botryomycosis: Is Atopic Dermatitis a Predisposing Factor? by Markus Vincent Heppt, Jivko Kamarashev

“…A skin biopsy revealed granules consisting of Gram-positive bacterial colonies in a blossom-like assembly in the center and an eosinophilic rim in the periphery, which are pathognomonic features of botryomycosis. The lesions responded well to systemic antibiotics; however, they rapidly relapsed upon cessation of the treatment. …”
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Long‐standing laryngeal rhinoscleroma with rare Mikulicz cells by Raheem Peerani, Manish Shah, Brian Minnema, Hasan Ghaffar, Runjan Chetty, Jan Delabie, Bayardo Perez‐Ordonez, Daniel Xia

“…It is important to identify pathognomonic Mikulicz cells on microscopy, as these can be rare and the chronic inflammatory infiltrate can appear otherwise nonspecific on biopsies.…”
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Primary Ovarian Leiomyoma in A Premenopausal Woman: A Case Report by Mehri Sakhdari, Asieh Maleki

“…A definitive preoperative diagnosis is difficult due to the lack of pathognomonic signs or specific imaging features. Therefore, histopathological examination and immunohistochemical analysis are considered necessary. …”
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Osteochondroma of the Scapula in a 12-year-old Girl: An Unusual Case Report by Kunne Bharath Raja, K. L. Jagadishwar Rao

“…The presence of medullary and cortical bone with the continuity of the tumor is pathognomonic for osteochondroma. We report the case of a 12-year-old girl who was brought to the hospital by her mother with a painful slow-growing mass over the left scapula, with no limitations to the range of movements. …”
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