Efficacy of RTS,S/AS01E malaria vaccine and exploratory analysis on anti-circumsporozoite antibody titres and protection in children aged 5-17 months in Kenya and Tanzania: a rando... by Olotu, A, Lusingu, J, Leach, A, Lievens, M, Vekemans, J, Msham, S, Lang, T, Gould, J, Dubois, M, Jongert, E, Vansadia, P, Carter, T, Njuguna, P, Awuondo, K, Malabeja, A, Abdul, O, Gesase, S, Mturi, N, Drakeley, C, Savarese, B, Villafana, T, Lapierre, D, Ballou, W, Cohen, J, Lemnge, M

“…The primary endpoint was time to first clinical malaria episode, defined as the presence of fever (temperature ≥37·5°C) and a Plasmodium falciparum density of 2500/μL or more. Follow-up was 12 months for children from Korogwe and 15 months for children from Kilifi. …”

Data driven approaches to improve the drug discovery process: a virtual screening quest in drug discovery by Ebejer, JP

“…</p><p>Lastly, we describe the fruitful application of structure-based and ligand-based virtual screening methods to <em>Plasmodium falciparum</em> Subtilisin-like Protease 1 (PfSUB1), an important drug target in the human stages of the life-cycle of the malaria parasite. …”

Distribution of the main malaria vectors in Kenya by Okara, R, Sinka, M, Minakawa, N, Mbogo, C, Hay, S, Snow, R

“…The geo-located species-presence data were displayed and described administratively, using first-level administrative units (province), and biologically, based on the predicted spatial margins of <em>Plasmodium falciparum</em> transmission intensity in Kenya for the year 2009. …”

Assessment of precision in growth inhibition assay (GIA) using human anti-PfRH5 antibodies by Miura, K, Diouf, A, Fay, MP, Barrett, JR, Payne, RO, Olotu, AI, Minassian, AM, Silk, SE, Draper, SJ, Long, CA

“…<p><strong>Background</strong><br> For blood-stage malaria vaccine development, the in vitro growth inhibition assay (GIA) has been widely used to evaluate functionality of vaccine-induced antibodies (Ab), and <em>Plasmodium falciparum</em> reticulocyte-binding protein homolog 5 (RH5) is a leading blood-stage antigen. …”

Exhausted CD4+ T cells during malaria exhibit reduced mTORc1 activity correlated with loss of T-bet expression by Villegas-Mendez, A, Khandelwal, G, McGowan, LM, Dookie, RS, Haley, MJ, George, C, Sims, D, Lord, GM, Sinclair, LV, Jenner, RG, Couper, KN

“…In this study, we show that Ag-experienced (&lt;i&gt;Ag-exp&lt;/i&gt;) CD4&lt;sup&gt;+&lt;/sup&gt; T cell exhaustion during &lt;i&gt;Plasmodium yoelii&lt;/i&gt; nonlethal infection occurs alongside the reduction in mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) activity and restriction in CD4&lt;sup&gt;+&lt;/sup&gt; T cell glycolytic capacity. …”

Evolution of genetic markers for drug resistance after the introduction of dihydroartemisinin–piperaquine as first-line anti-malarial treatment for uncomplicated falciparum malaria... by Rahmasari, FV, Asih, PBS, Rozi, IE, Wangsamuda, S, Risandi, R, Dewayanti, FK, Permana, DH, Syahrani, L, Prameswari, HD, Basri, HH, Bustos, MDG, Charunwatthana, P, Dondorp, AM, Imwong, M, Syafruddin, D

“…Annual therapeutic efficacy studies (TES) done in the last 12 years showed continued high treatment efficacy in uncomplicated Plasmodium falciparum malaria. Although these studies did not show evidence for artemisinin resistance, a slight increase in Late Treatment Failure was observed over time. …”

Anti-gametocyte antigen humoral immunity and gametocytemia during treatment of uncomplicated falciparum malaria: a multi-national study by O'Flaherty, K, Chan, J-A, Cutts, JC, Zaloumis, SG, Ashley, EA, Phyo, AP, Drew, DR, Dondorp, AM, Day, NP, Dhorda, M, Fairhurst, RM, Lim, P, Amaratunga, C, Pukrittayakamee, S, Hien, TT, Htut, Y, Mayxay, M, Faiz, MA, Mokuolu, OA, Onyamboko, MA, Fanello, C, Takashima, E, Tsuboi, T, Theisen, M, Nosten, F, Beeson, JG, Simpson, JA, White, NJ, Fowkes, FJI

“…<strong>Introduction: </strong>Understanding the human immune response to Plasmodium falciparum gametocytes and its association with gametocytemia is essential for understanding the transmission of malaria as well as progressing transmission blocking vaccine candidates. …”

An optimised age-based dosing regimen for single low-dose primaquine for blocking malaria transmission in Cambodia by Leang, R, Khu, N, Mukaka, M, Debackere, M, Tripura, R, Kheang, S, Chy, S, Kak, N, Buchy, P, Tarantola, A, Menard, D, Roca-Felterer, A, Fairhurst, R, Kheng, S, Muth, S, Ngak, S, Dondorp, A, White, N, Taylor, W

“…BACKGROUND: In 2012, the World Health Organization recommended the addition of single low-dose primaquine (SLDPQ, 0.25 mg base/kg body weight) to artemisinin combination therapies to block the transmission of Plasmodium falciparum without testing for glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency. …”

Vertical stratification of adult mosquitoes (diptera: culicidae) within a tropical rainforest in Sabah, Malaysia by Hayley L. Brant, Robert M. Ewers, Indra Vythilingam, Chris Drakeley, Suzan Benedick, John D. Mumford

“…Malaria cases caused by Plasmodium knowlesi, a simian parasite naturally found in long-tailed and pig-tailed macaques, are increasing rapidly in Sabah, Malaysia. …”
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Vertical stratification of adult mosquitoes (Diptera: Culicidae) within a tropical rainforest in Sabah, Malaysia by Hayley L. Brant, Robert M. Ewers, Indra Vythilingam, Chris Drakeley, Suzan Benedick, John D. Mumford

“…Background: Malaria cases caused by Plasmodium knowlesi, a simian parasite naturally found in long-tailed and pig-tailed macaques, are increasing rapidly in Sabah, Malaysia. …”
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Sequencing and analysis of chromosome 1 of Eimeria tenella reveals a unique segmental organization. by Ling , King Hwa, Rajandream, Marie Adèle, Rivailler, Pierre, Ivens, Alasdair C., Yap, Soon J., Madeira, Alda Maria Backx Noronha, Mungall, Karen L., Billington, Karen J., Yee, Wai Y., Bankier, Alan T., Carroll, Fionnadh, Durham, Alan Mitchell, Peters, Nick T., Loo, Shu S., Isa, M. N M, Novaes, Jeniffer, Quail, Michael A., Rosli, Rozita, Shamsudin, Mariana Nor, Sobreira, Tiago José Pascoal, Tivey, Adrian R., Wai, Siew F., White, Sarah E., Wu, Xikun, Kerhornou, Arnaud X., Blake, Damer P., Mohamed, Rahmah I., Shirley, Martin W., Gruber, Arthur, Berriman, Matthew, Tomley, Fiona M Fiona, Dear, Paul H., Wan, Kiew Lian

“…Eimeria falls in the same phylum (Apicomplexa) as several human and animal parasites such as Cryptosporidium, Toxoplasma, and the malaria parasite, Plasmodium. Here we report the sequencing and analysis of the first chromosome of E. tenella, a chromosome believed to carry loci associated with drug resistance and known to differ between virulent and attenuated strains of the parasite. …”
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Detection of diverse Wolbachia 16S rRNA sequences at low titers from malaria vectors in Kayin state, Myanmar [version 4; peer review: 2 approved, 1 approved with reservations] by Sunisa Sawasdichai, Victor Chaumeau, Tee Dah, Thithiworada Kulabkeeree, Ladda Kajeechiwa, Monthicha Phanaphadungtham, Muesuwa Trakoolchengkaew, Praphan Kittiphanakun, Yanada Akararungrot, Kyi Oo, Gilles Delmas, Nicholas J. White, François H. Nosten

“…Background : Natural Wolbachia infections in malaria mosquitoes were recently reported in Africa, and negatively correlated with the development of Plasmodium falciparum in the vectors. The occurrence and effects of Wolbachia infections outside Africa have not been described and may have been underestimated. …”
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The effect of irrigation on malaria vector bionomics and transmission intensity in western Ethiopia by Werissaw Haileselassie, Endalew Zemene, Ming-Chieh Lee, Daibin Zhong, Guofa Zhou, Behailu Taye, Alemayehu Dagne, Wakgari Deressa, James W. Kazura, Guiyun Yan, Delenasaw Yewhalaw

“…The collected mosquitoes were morphologically identified to species and tested for Plasmodium infection using circumsporozoite protein enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (CSP-ELISA). …”
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High insecticide resistance in the major malaria vector Anopheles coluzzii in Chad Republic by Sulaiman S. Ibrahim, Amen N. Fadel, Magellan Tchouakui, Ebai Terence, Murielle J. Wondji, Micareme Tchoupo, Clement Kérah-Hinzoumbé, Samuel Wanji, Charles S. Wondji

“…Results Anopheles coluzzii was the major vector found in N’djamena (100%) and Massakory (~ 94%). No Plasmodium was found in 147 bloodfed F0 An. coluzzii (82 from N’djamena and 65 from Massakory). …”
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Intermittent preventive treatment with Sulphadoxine-Pyrimethamine (IPTp-SP) is associated with protection against sub-microscopic P. falciparum infection in pregnant women during t... by Tobias O. Apinjoh, Vincent N. Ntui, Hanesh F. Chi, Marcel N. Moyeh, Cabrel T. Toussi, Joel M. Mayaba, Livinus N. Tangi, Pilate N. Kwi, Judith K. Anchang-Kimbi, Jodie Dionne-Odom, Alan T. N. Tita, Eric A. Achidi, Alfred Amambua-Ngwa, Vincent P. K. Titanji

“…DNA was extracted from dried blood spots by the Chelex-100 method and the Plasmodium falciparum status detected by nested PCR amplification of the 18SrRNA gene using specific predesigned primers. …”
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Significance of nested PCR testing for the detection of low-density malaria infection amongst febrile patients from the Malaria Elimination Demonstration Project in Mandla, Madhya... by Akansha Singh, Mrigendra P. Singh, Sneha Bhandari, Harsh Rajvanshi, Sekh Nisar, Vinay Telasey, Himanshu Jayswar, Ashok K. Mishra, Aparup Das, Harpreet Kaur, Altaf A. Lal, Praveen K. Bharti

“…Molecular diagnosis by nested PCR was performed targeting 18SrRNA gene for Plasmodium species. Results The prevalence of malaria was 2.50% (436/17405) diagnosed by PCR, 1.13% (196/17405) by RDT, and 0.68% (118/ 17,405) by microscopy. …”
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Gene expression profiling in blood from cerebral malaria patients and mild malaria patients living in Senegal by Alassane Thiam, Michel Sanka, Rokhaya Ndiaye Diallo, Magali Torres, Babacar Mbengue, Nicolas Fernandez Nunez, Fatou Thiam, Gora Diop, Geneviève Victorero, Catherine Nguyen, Alioune Dieye, Pascal Rihet

“…Abstract Background Plasmodium falciparum malaria remains a major health problem in Africa. …”
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Localization and tissue tropism of the symbiont Microsporidia MB in the germ line and somatic tissues of Anopheles arabiensis by Edward E. Makhulu, Thomas O. Onchuru, Joseph Gichuhi, Fidel G. Otieno, Anne W. Wairimu, Joseph N. Muthoni, Lizette Koekemoer, Jeremy K. Herren

“…The ability of Microsporidia MB to block Plasmodium transmission, together with its ability to spread within Anopheles populations and its avirulence to the host, makes it a very attractive candidate for developing a key strategy to stop malaria transmissions. …”
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Comparison on simultaneous capillary and venous parasite density and genotyping results from children and adults with uncomplicated malaria: a prospective observational study in Ug... by Aine Lehane, Moses Were, Martina Wade, Musleehat Hamadu, Megan Cahill, Sylvia Kiconco, Richard Kajubi, Francesca Aweeka, Norah Mwebaza, Fangyong Li, Sunil Parikh

“…Methods In a prospective observational study, children and adults presenting with uncomplicated Plasmodium falciparum malaria, simultaneous capillary and venous blood smears and dried blood spots were collected over 42-days following treatment with artemether-lumefantrine. …”
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Pathology and Pathogenesis of Eurasian Blackbirds (<i>Turdus merula</i>) Naturally Infected with Usutu Virus by Giuseppe Giglia, Gianfilippo Agliani, Bas B. Oude Munnink, Reina S. Sikkema, Maria Teresa Mandara, Elvio Lepri, Marja Kik, Jooske Ijzer, Jolianne M. Rijks, Christine Fast, Marion P. G. Koopmans, Monique H. Verheije, Andrea Gröne, Chantal B. E. M. Reusken, Judith M. A. van den Brand

“…Results confirm hepatosplenomegaly, coagulative necrosis and lymphoplasmacytic inflammation as major patterns of lesions and, for the first time, vasculitis as a novel virus-associated lesion. A USUV and <i>Plasmodium</i> spp. co-infection was commonly identified. …”
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