An aspartyl protease defines a novel pathway for export of Toxoplasma proteins into the host cell by Michael J Coffey, Brad E Sleebs, Alessandro D Uboldi, Alexandra Garnham, Magdalena Franco, Nicole D Marino, Michael W Panas, David JP Ferguson, Marta Enciso, Matthew T O'Neill, Sash Lopaticki, Rebecca J Stewart, Grant Dewson, Gordon K Smyth, Brian J Smith, Seth L Masters, John C Boothroyd, Justin A Boddey, Christopher J Tonkin

“…We demonstrate that ASP5 cleaves a highly constrained amino acid motif that has similarity to the PEXEL-motif of Plasmodium parasites. We show that ASP5 matures substrates at both the N- and C-terminal ends of proteins and also controls trafficking of effectors without this motif. …”
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Reduced efficacy of albendazole against Ascaris lumbricoides in Rwandan schoolchildren by Jürgen Krücken, Kira Fraundorfer, Jean Claude Mugisha, Sabrina Ramünke, Kevin C. Sifft, Dominik Geus, Felix Habarugira, Jules Ndoli, Augustin Sendegeya, Caritas Mukampunga, Claude Bayingana, Toni Aebischer, Janina Demeler, Jean Bosco Gahutu, Frank P. Mockenhaupt, Georg von Samson-Himmelstjerna

“…Blood and faecal samples were analysed for co-infections with Plasmodium sp. and Giardia duodenalis, respectively. …”
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Mentorship on malaria microscopy diagnostic service in Ethiopia: baseline competency of microscopists and performance of health facilities by Bokretsion Gidey, Desalegn Nega, Adugna Abera, Abnet Abebe, Sindew Mekasha, Geremew Tasew, Mebrahtom Haile, Dereje Dillu, Degu Mehari, Ashenafi Assefa, Wondimeneh Liknew, Abeba G/Tsadik, Hussien Mohammed, Ermias Woldie, Tsegaye Getachew, Desalegn Ararso, Dereje Yenealem, Adisu Kebede, Kebede Etana, Gizachew Kedida, Hiwot Solomon, Getachew Tollera, Adugna Woyessa, Ebba Abate

“…Conclusion The study found significant false positive and false negative results in routine microscopy on slide re-checking of Plasmodium parasites. Moreover, reduced grade in parasite species identification was reported on the panel tests. …”
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Burden of malaria, impact of interventions and climate variability in Western Ethiopia: an area with large irrigation based farming by Werissaw Haileselassie, Daniel M. Parker, Behailu Taye, Randy E. David, Endalew Zemene, Ming-Chieh Lee, Daibin Zhong, Guofa Zhou, Tesfahun Alemu, Getnet Tadele, James W. Kazura, Cristian Koepfli, Wakgari Deressa, Delenasaw Yewhalaw, Guiyun Yan

“…The data showed that there is a high burden of malaria in the district. Plasmodium falciparum (Pf) was a predominant parasite species in the district with the maximum percentage of about 90. …”
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Household living conditions and individual behaviours associated with malaria risk: a community-based survey in the Limpopo River Valley, 2020, South Africa by Sean M. Patrick, Marc-Karim Bendiane, Taneshka Kruger, Bernice N. Harris, Megan A. Riddin, Helene Trehard, Christiaan de Jager, Riana Bornman, Jean Gaudart

“…Nevertheless, in some regions, seasonal epidemics may adversely affect the health of local populations. In South Africa, Plasmodium falciparum malaria is still present, with the Vhembe District experiencing an incidence rate of 3.79 cases/1000 person-years in 2018, particularly in the Limpopo River Valley, bordering Zimbabwe. …”
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Genetic variation in CSF2 (5q31.1) is associated with longitudinal susceptibility to pediatric malaria, severe malarial anemia, and all-cause mortality in a high-burden malaria and... by Lily E. Kisia, Qiuying Cheng, Evans Raballah, Elly O. Munde, Benjamin H. McMahon, Nick W. Hengartner, John M. Ong’echa, Kiprotich Chelimo, Christophe G. Lambert, Collins Ouma, Prakasha Kempaiah, Douglas J. Perkins, Kristan A. Schneider, Samuel B. Anyona

“…Abstract Plasmodium falciparum infections remain among the leading causes of morbidity and mortality in holoendemic transmission areas. …”
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The extended recovery ring-stage survival assay provides a superior association with patient clearance half-life and increases throughput by Sage Z. Davis, Puspendra P. Singh, Katelyn M. Vendrely, Douglas A. Shoue, Lisa A. Checkley, Marina McDew-White, Katrina A. Button-Simons, Zione Cassady, Mackenzie A. C. Sievert, Gabriel J. Foster, François H. Nosten, Timothy J. C. Anderson, Michael T. Ferdig

“…Here a modified RSA is presented, the extended Recovery Ring-stage Survival Assay (eRRSA), using 15 cloned patient isolates from Southeast Asia with a range of patient clearance half-lives, including parasite isolates with and without kelch13 mutations. Methods Plasmodium falciparum cultures were synchronized with single layer Percoll during the schizont stage of the intraerythrocytic development cycle. …”
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A multiphase program for malaria elimination in southern Mozambique (the Magude project): A before-after study. by Beatriz Galatas, Francisco Saúte, Helena Martí-Soler, Caterina Guinovart, Lidia Nhamussua, Wilson Simone, Humberto Munguambe, Camilo Hamido, Júlia Montañà, Olinda Muguande, Francois Maartens, Fabião Luis, Krijn Paaijmans, Alfredo Mayor, Quique Bassat, Clara Menéndez, Eusebio Macete, Regina Rabinovich, Pedro L Alonso, Baltazar Candrinho, Pedro Aide

“…This study aimed to evaluate a multiphased malaria elimination project to interrupt Plasmodium falciparum malaria transmission in a rural district of southern Mozambique. …”
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Cellular and antibody response in GMZ2-vaccinated Gabonese volunteers in a controlled human malaria infection trial by Odilon Nouatin, Javier Ibáñez, Rolf Fendel, Ulysse A. Ngoa, Freia-Raphaella Lorenz, Jean-Claude Dejon-Agobé, Jean Ronald Edoa, Judith Flügge, Sina Brückner, Meral Esen, Michael Theisen, Stephen L. Hoffman, Kabirou Moutairou, Adrian J. F. Luty, Bertrand Lell, Peter G. Kremsner, Ayola A. Adegnika, Benjamin Mordmüller

“…Vaccine efficacy was assessed using controlled human malaria infection (CHMI) by direct venous inoculation of 3200 live Plasmodium falciparum sporozoites (PfSPZ Challenge). …”
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New Antimalarial and Antimicrobial Tryptamine Derivatives from the Marine Sponge Fascaplysinopsis reticulata by Pierre-Eric Campos, Emmanuel Pichon, Céline Moriou, Patricia Clerc, Rozenn Trépos, Michel Frederich, Nicole De Voogd, Claire Hellio, Anne Gauvin-Bialecki, Ali Al-Mourabit

“…In addition the known 8-oxo-tryptamine (4) and the mixture of the (E)-6-bromo-2′-demethyl-3′-N-methylaplysinopsin (6) and (Z)-6-bromo-2′-demethyl-3′-N-methylaplysinopsin (7) showed moderate antiplasmodial activity against Plasmodium falciparum with IC50 values of 8.8 and 8.0 µg/mL, respectively.…”
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Characterizing the spatial distribution of multiple malaria diagnostic endpoints in a low-transmission setting in Lao PDR by Isabel Byrne, Estee Cramer, Luca Nelli, Francois Rerolle, Francois Rerolle, Lindsey Wu, Catriona Patterson, Jason Rosado, Jason Rosado, Elin Dumont, Kevin K. A. Tetteh, Emily Dantzer, Bouasy Hongvanthong, Kimberley M. Fornace, Gillian Stresman, Andrew Lover, Adam Bennett, Adam Bennett, Chris Drakeley

“…We ran blood samples collected from a 2016 population-based survey in the low-transmission setting of northern Lao PDR on a multiplexed bead assay to characterize historic and recent exposures to Plasmodium falciparum and vivax. Using geostatistical methods and remote-sensing data we assessed the environmental and spatial associations with exposure, and created predictive maps of exposure within the study sites. …”
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Detection of pathogens associated with early-onset neonatal sepsis in cord blood at birth using quantitative PCR [version 3; peer review: 2 approved] by Stella Mwakio, Anna C. Seale, Wilson Gumbi, Christina W. Obiero, Mami Taniuchi, James A. Berkley, Hope Mwangudzah, Eric Houpt, Jie Liu

“…Cumulative odds ratios across controls: cases (survived): cases (died) were E. coli/Shigella spp. 2.6 (95%CI 1.6-4.4); E. faecalis 4.0 (95%CI 1.1-15); S. agalactiae 4.5 (95%CI 1.6-13); Ureaplasma spp. 2.9 (95%CI 1.3-6.4); Enterovirus 9.1 (95%CI 2.3-37); and Plasmodium spp. 2.9 (95%CI 1.4-6.2). Excluding K. oxytoca and P. aeruginosa as likely contaminants, aetiology was attributed in 9.4% (95%CI 5.1-13) cases using TAC. …”
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The essential malaria protein PfCyRPA targets glycans to invade erythrocytes by Christopher J. Day, Paola Favuzza, Sabrina Bielfeld, Thomas Haselhorst, Leonie Seefeldt, Julia Hauser, Lucy K. Shewell, Christian Flueck, Jessica Poole, Freda E.-C. Jen, Anja Schäfer, Jean-Pierre Dangy, Tim-W. Gilberger, Camila Tenorio França, Manoj T. Duraisingh, Marco Tamborrini, Nicolas M.B. Brancucci, Christof Grüring, Michael Filarsky, Michael P. Jennings, Gerd Pluschke

“…Summary: Plasmodium falciparum is a human-adapted apicomplexan parasite that causes the most dangerous form of malaria. …”
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Causes infectieuses des anémies en pédiatrie au CHU Gabriel TOURE de Bamako au Mali by Abdoul Aziz Diakité, I Konaté, K Sacko, F L Diakité, B Harber, N L Traore, F Traore, B Niambéle, A Touré, FT Dicko, B Togo

“…Nos méthodes diagnostiques étaient la numération formule sanguine, les hémocultures, la goutte épaisse pour la recherche du Plasmodium, l’électrophorèse de l’hémoglobine et le dosage des facteurs VIII et IX. …”
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Isoliquiritigenin from licorice root: A multi-stage anti-malarial with synergistic impact on multidrug-resistant P. falciparum by Saurabh Kumar, Deepak Singh kapkoti, Pooja Rani Mina, Divya Bhatt, Parmanand Kumar, Manju Singh, Karuna Shanker, Dnyaneshwar Umrao Bawankule, Rajendra Singh Bhakuni, Anirban Pal, Mahendra P. Darokar

“…Isoliquiritigenin (ISL) exhibited a significant reduction in parasitemia, resulting in an enhancement of the mean survival time in Plasmodium yoelii nigeriensis infected mice. ISL showed potent activity with no cytotoxic effect and increased caspase-3 activity, leading increasing reactive oxygen species (ROS) and loss of mitochondrial potential. …”
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Use of malaria rapid diagnostic tests by community health workers in Afghanistan: cluster randomised trial by Toby Leslie, Mark Rowland, Amy Mikhail, Bonnie Cundill, Barbara Willey, Asif Alokozai, Ismail Mayan, Anwar Hasanzai, Sayed Habibullah Baktash, Nader Mohammed, Molly Wood, Habib-u-Rahman Rahimi, Baptiste Laurent, Cyril Buhler, Christopher J. M. Whitty

“…In the control arm, 85.9% (164/191) with confirmed Plasmodium vivax received chloroquine compared to 45.1% (70/155) in the intervention arm (p < 0.001). …”
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Expeditious recruitment of circulating memory CD8 T cells to the liver facilitates control of malaria by Mitchell N. Lefebvre, Fionna A. Surette, Scott M. Anthony, Rahul Vijay, Isaac J. Jensen, Lecia L. Pewe, Lisa S. Hancox, Natalija Van Braeckel-Budimir, Stephanie van de Wall, Stina L. Urban, Madison R. Mix, Samarchith P. Kurup, Vladimir P. Badovinac, Noah S. Butler, John T. Harty

“…Tem recruitment coincides with rapid transcriptional upregulation of inflammatory genes in Plasmodium-infected livers. Recruitment requires CD8 T cell-intrinsic LFA-1 expression and the presence of liver phagocytes. …”
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Molecular characterization and genotype distribution of thioester-containing protein 1 gene in Anopheles gambiae mosquitoes in western Kenya by Shirley A. Onyango, Kevin O. Ochwedo, Maxwell G. Machani, Julius O. Olumeh, Isaiah Debrah, Collince J. Omondi, Sidney O. Ogolla, Ming-Chieh Lee, Guofa Zhou, Elizabeth Kokwaro, James W. Kazura, Yaw A. Afrane, Andrew K. Githeko, Daibin Zhong, Guiyun Yan

“…Abstract Background Evolutionary pressures lead to the selection of efficient malaria vectors either resistant or susceptible to Plasmodium parasites. These forces may favour the introduction of species genotypes that adapt to new breeding habitats, potentially having an impact on malaria transmission. …”
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Synthesis and Antimalarial Evaluation of New 1,3,5-<i>tris</i>[(4-(Substituted-aminomethyl)phenyl)methyl]benzene Derivatives: A Novel Alternative Antiparasitic Scaffold by Sandra Albenque-Rubio, Jean Guillon, Anita Cohen, Patrice Agnamey, Solène Savrimoutou, Stéphane Moreau, Jean-Louis Mergny, Luisa Ronga, Ioannis Kanavos, Serge Moukha, Pascale Dozolme, Pascal Sonnet

“…A series of new 1,3,5-<i>tris</i>[(4-(substituted-aminomethyl)phenyl)methyl]benzene compounds were designed, synthesized, and evaluated <i>in vitro</i> against two parasites (<i>Plasmodium falciparum</i> and <i>Leishmania donovani</i>). …”
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Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase activity in individuals with and without malaria: Analysis of clinical trial, cross-sectional and case-control data from Bangladesh. by Benedikt Ley, Mohammad Shafiul Alam, Mohammad Golam Kibria, Jutta Marfurt, Ching Swe Phru, Jenifar Quaiyum Ami, Kamala Thriemer, Sarah Auburn, Nusrat Jahan, Fatema Tuj Johora, Mohammad Sharif Hossain, Cristian Koepfli, Wasif Ali Khan, Ric N Price

“…Peripheral parasitemia with Plasmodium spp. induces hemolysis, replacing older RBCs with younger cells with higher G6PD activity. …”
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