Copper Plates for the Qianlong Emperor: from Paris to Peking via Canton by Newby, L

A study of how packaging reveals categorisation and status in the Qianlong Emperor’s collection by Chou, Ying-Ching

“…This thesis studies the practice of packaging at the imperial court of the Qing dynasty (1644-1911), in particular the agency of packaging in the Qianlong Emperor’s (1711-99) art collection. It discusses the functions of packaging in the imperial collection and provides a new perspective to examine it. …”

The Qianlong emperor’s letter to George III and the early-twentieth-century origins of ideas about traditional China’s foreign relations by Harrison, H

“…This article examines the famous edict in which the Qianlong emperor responded to the British embassy led by Lord Macartney to China in 1793, which has often been interpreted as a symbol of the Qing dynasty’s ignorance and narrow-mindedness. …”

A Symbol in Mass Production: Ruyi Images in the Inner and Outer Cities Under the Qianlong Reign by Stacy Guoying Zhang

“…This imperial cult manifests Qianlong's authority on the country and the Han subjects' recognition of the Manchu emperor.…”
Get full text

Refléter le passé : les faux bronzes en porcelaine sous le règne de l’empereur Qianlong (1735-1785) by Stéphanie Brouillet

“…Porcelains adopting the form of ancient bronzes and their cover imitating bronze and its oxidations are characteristic of the Qianlong period (1735-1795). They are proof of the importance of ancient bronzes – a cultural, social, political, and artistic reference under Qianlong’s reign. …”
Get full text

Kazakh Khans Abylai, Uali — and the Qing Empire: Analyzing Archival Sources for Some Historical Aspects of Relations by Ziyabek E. Kabuldinov, Akmaral R. Beisembayeva, Yerkin A. Abil, Anar S. Tylakhmetova

Subjects: Get full text

Fooling the eye: trompe l’oeil porcelain in High Qing China by Chih-en Chen

“…Porcelain imitation of other materials, or so-called ‘trompe l'oeil’ porcelain, popular from the late Yongzheng to the Qianlong period, has been regarded as an aesthetic representative of Chinese emperors as well as an iconography of court power. …”
Get full text

Book Review – White Lotus Rebels and South China Pirates: Crisis and Reform in the Qing Empire by Wang , Gungwu

“…It is widely known that the Qianlong emperor, in his last years, was responsible in weakening his powerful empire, but there have been arguments on the extent to which his successor's careful and conservative reforms helped restore order to imperial governance. …”
Get full text

The Reasons and influence of the establishment of one port trade system in Guangzhou during Qing Dynasty by Yu, Zhou, Suffian Mansor, Azlizan Mat Enh

“…However, foreign merchants never ceased to request permission from the Chinese government to engage in trade. In 1757, Emperor Qianlong decreed Guangzhou as the only one official port for foreign trade. …”
Get full text

The Technology Transfer from Europe to China in the 17th–18th Centuries: Non-Invasive On-Site XRF and Raman Analyses of Chinese Qing Dynasty Enameled Masterpieces Made Using Europe... by Philippe Colomban, Michele Gironda, Divine Vangu, Burcu Kırmızı, Bing Zhao, Vincent Cochet

“…Two masterpieces of the Qing Dynasty (1644–1912 CE), one in gilded brass (incense burner) decorated with <i>cloisonné</i> enamels stylistically attributed to the end of the Kangxi Emperor’s reign, the other in gold (ewer offered by Napoleon III to the Empress as a birthday present), decorated with both <i>cloisonné</i> and painted enamels bearing the mark of the Qianlong Emperor, were non-invasively studied by optical microscopy, Raman microspectroscopy and X-ray microfluorescence spectroscopy (point measurements and mapping) implemented on-site with mobile instruments. …”
Get full text

Life Trajectories of the Yubi Zhiguolun: From Qing Dynasty to British Exhibitory Space by Si Xiao

“…The Yubi Zhiguolun (‘禦筆知過論’) is one example. The Qianlong Emperor wrote this introspective essay at the age of 71 (1781). …”
Get full text

Ferdinand Augustin Hallerstein on Giuseppe Castiglione`s Art by Nataša VAMPELJ SUHADOLNIK

“…The present paper will focus on Hallerstein’s letters and what they tell us about the life and art of the celebrated Jesuit painter, Giuseppe Castiglione (1688–766), especially during the reign of the Emperor Qianlong (1711–799). After a brief  introduction on Hallerstein’s life and work, by means of comparative analyses and using an interdisciplinary approach, the paper will explore a) Hallerstein’s views on Castiglione and his art, and b) Chinese court painting and Castiglione’s position at the court. …”
Get full text

Weapons and Banners of Dzungaria’s Oirats, Mid-18th Century: A Case Study of Qinding Huangyu Xiyu Tuzhi by Leonid A. Bobrov, Alexey M. Pastukhov

“…The compilation of the document was initiated by Emperor Qianlong after the territory of the Dzungar state was annexed to the Qing Empire. …”
Get full text

Weapons and Banners of Moslem Population in East Turkestan and Adjacent Territories, Mid-18th Century: A Case Study of Qinding Huangyu Xiyu Tuzhi by Leonid A. Bobrov, Alexey M. Pastukhov

“…The compilation of the document was initiated by Emperor Qianlong after the territory of the Dzungar state was annexed to the Qing Empire. …”
Get full text

Distinguishing Genuine Imperial Qing Dynasty Porcelain from Ancient Replicas by On-Site Non-Invasive XRF and Raman Spectroscopy by Philippe Colomban, Michele Gironda, Gulsu Simsek Franci, Pauline d’Abrigeon

“…The combined use of non-invasive on-site portable techniques, Raman microscopy, and X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy on seven imperial bowls and two decorated dishes, attributed to the reigns of the Kangxi, Yongzheng, Qianlong, and Daoguang emperors (Qing Dynasty), allows the identification of the coloring agents/opacifiers and composition types of the glazes and painted enamels. …”
Get full text

STUDY AND PUBLICATION OF A COLLECTION OF CHINESE METAL ARTIFACTS WITH ISLAMIC SCRIPTS PRESERVED IN THE BEIJING NIUJIE MOSQUE by Hamada Hagras

“…They are dated by cartouches bearing the names of Emperors Xuanda (1425-1435 AD), Jiaqing (1796-1820 AD), Kangxi (1661-1722 AD), and Qianlong (1735-1796 AD). …”
Get full text