Modulations of Heart Rate, ECG, and Cardio-Respiratory Coupling Observed in Polysomnography by Thomas Penzel, Thomas Penzel, Jan W Kantelhardt, Jan W Kantelhardt, Ronny P Bartsch, Maik Riedl, Jan Krämer, Niels Wessel, Carmen Garcia, Martin Glos, Ingo Fietze, Christoph Schöbel

“…In healthy adults, the autonomous nervous system is regulated in totally different ways during wakefulness, slow-wave sleep, and REM sleep. Analysis of beat-to-beat heart-rate variations with statistical methods enables us to estimate sleep stages based on the differences in autonomic nervous system regulation. …”
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State-dependent brainstem ensemble dynamics and their interactions with hippocampus across sleep states by Tomomi Tsunematsu, Amisha A Patel, Arno Onken, Shuzo Sakata

“…On the other hand, P-waves during REM sleep are phase-locked with ongoing theta oscillations and are followed by burst firing of CA1 neurons. …”
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Ethnicity as a risk factor for obstructive sleep apnea: comparison of Japanese descendants and white males in São Paulo, Brazil by P.R. Genta, B.F. Marcondes, N.J. Danzi, G. Lorenzi-Filho

“…Multiple linear regression considering the entire group revealed that age, BMI, neck circumference, Epworth sleepiness scale, ethnicity and %REM sleep were independent predictors for apnea/hypopnea index (P < 0.001). …”
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Brain MRI Biomarkers in Isolated Rapid Eye Movement Sleep Behavior Disorder: Where Are We? A Systematic Review by Stephan Grimaldi, Maxime Guye, Marta Bianciardi, Alexandre Eusebio

“…In this systematic review, we present the latest information regarding the most promising MRI markers of neurodegeneration in relation to the most specific prodromal symptoms of PD, namely isolated rapid eye movement (REM) sleep behavior disorder (iRBD). We reviewed structural, diffusion, functional, iron-sensitive, neuro-melanin-sensitive MRI, and proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy studies conducted between 2000 and 2023, which yielded a total of 77 relevant papers. …”
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Meta-analysis of melanin-concentrating hormone signaling-deficient mice on behavioral and metabolic phenotypes. by Kenkichi Takase, Kenichi Kikuchi, Yousuke Tsuneoka, Satoko Oda, Masaru Kuroda, Hiromasa Funato

“…Overall, the meta-analysis revealed that the deletion of MCH signaling enhanced wakefulness, locomotor activity, aggression, and male sexual behavior and that MCH signaling deficiency suppressed non-REM sleep, anxiety, responses to novelty, startle responses, and conditioned place preferences. …”
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Clinical and Cognitive Phenotype of Mild Cognitive Impairment Evolving to Dementia with Lewy Bodies by Annachiara Cagnin, Cinzia Bussè, Simona Gardini, Nela Jelcic, Caterina Guzzo, Francesca Gnoato, Micaela Mitolo, Mario Ermani, Paolo Caffarra

“…Results: The best clinical predictor of DLB was the presence of soft extrapyramidal signs (mean UPDRS score: 4.04 ± 5.9) detected in 72% of patients, followed by REM sleep behavior disorder (60%) and fluctuations (60%). …”
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Changes in the heart rate variability in patients with obstructive sleep apnea and its response to acute CPAP treatment. by Ernesto Kufoy, Jose-Alberto Palma, Jon Lopez, Manuel Alegre, Elena Urrestarazu, Julio Artieda, Jorge Iriarte

“…Our results showed that HRV (SDNN) decreased after the use of CPAP during the first night of treatment, especially in non-REM sleep. Gender and obesity did not have any influence on our results. …”
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Alpha-synuclein in Parkinson’s disease and other synucleinopathies: from overt neurodegeneration back to early synaptic dysfunction by Paolo Calabresi, Alessandro Mechelli, Giuseppina Natale, Laura Volpicelli-Daley, Giulia Di Lazzaro, Veronica Ghiglieri

“…Abnormal forms of α-syn trigger selective and progressive neuronal death through mitochondrial impairment, lysosomal dysfunction, and alteration of calcium homeostasis not only in PD but also in other α-syn-related neurodegenerative disorders such as dementia with Lewy bodies, multiple system atrophy, pure autonomic failure, and REM sleep behavior disorder. Furthermore, α-syn-dependent early synaptic and plastic alterations and the underlying mechanisms preceding overt neurodegeneration have attracted great interest. …”
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Variations in dream recall frequency and dream theme diversity by age and sex by Tore eNielsen

“…Age-related changes in sleep structure, such as decreasing %REM sleep, parallel the observed dream recall changes but are much smaller and more gradual in nature. …”
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Spindle oscillations in communicating axons within a reconstituted hippocampal formation are strongest in CA3 without thalamus by Mengke Wang, Samuel B. Lassers, Yash S. Vakilna, Bryce A. Mander, William C. Tang, Gregory J. Brewer

“…Abstract Spindle-shaped waves of oscillations emerge in EEG scalp recordings during human and rodent non-REM sleep. The association of these 10–16 Hz oscillations with events during prior wakefulness suggests a role in memory consolidation. …”
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Sleep dysregulation, memory impairment, and CSF biomarkers during different levels of neurocognitive functioning in Alzheimer’s disease course by Claudio Liguori, Fabio Placidi, Francesca Izzi, Matteo Spanetta, Nicola Biagio Mercuri, Alessandra Di Pucchio

“…Results Sleep (both rapid eye movement (REM) and non-REM sleep) and memory function are both progressively impaired during the course of AD from SCI to mild and subsequently to moderate AD. …”
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Dreaming of the sleep lab. by Claudia Picard-Deland, Tore Nielsen, Michelle Carr

“…Lab incorporations occurred in over a third (35.8%) of all dreams and were especially likely to occur in REM sleep (44.2%) or from morning naps (48.4%). They tended to be related to higher depression scores, but not to sex, nightmare-proneness or anxiety. …”
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The relationship between obstructive sleep apnea and visual hallucinations in PD patients: a polysomnography study by Jun Zhu, Yang Zhao, Yinyin Jiang, Yang Pan, Xu Jiang, Yaxi Wang, Dongfong Li, Li Zhang

“…The disease duration, UPDRS Part III score, Hoehn and Yahr (H–Y) stage, Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) score and rapid eye movement (REM) sleep behavior disorder (RBD) score of hallucinators were significantly greater than those of non-hallucinators (P &lt; 0.05). …”
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Atherogenic Index of Plasma in Obstructive Sleep Apnoea by Andras Bikov, Martina Meszaros, Laszlo Kunos, Alina Gabriela Negru, Stefan Marian Frent, Stefan Mihaicuta

“…However, there was no relationship between the AIP and markers of sleep quality such as total sleep time, sleep period time, sleep efficiency, arousal index or percentage of REM sleep (all <i>p</i> > 0.05). AIP was not a better predictor for self-reported cardiovascular disease or diabetes than HDL-C. …”
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Automatic sleep identification using the novel hybrid feature selection method for HRV signal by Xiang Li, Zhu Zhao, Yidi Zhu, Qian Zhao, Jin Li, Feilong Feng

“…The Rapid Eye Movement (REM) sleep correlated with the activity of autonomic nervous system (ANS) can be identified by heart rate variability (HRV) signal analysis. …”
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Human longevity is associated with regular sleep patterns, maintenance of slow wave sleep and favorable lipid profile by Diego Robles Mazzotti, Camila eGuindalini, Walter eMoraes, Monica Levy Andersen, Maysa Seabra Cendoroglo, Luiz Roberto Ramos, Sergio eTufik

“…The oldest old individuals showed lower sleep efficiency and REM sleep when compared to the older adults, while stage N3 percentage and delta power were similar across the groups. …”
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Polysomnographic Aspects of Sleep Architecture on Self-limited Epilepsy with Centrotemporal Spikes: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis by Camila dos Santos Halal, Bernardo Lessa Horta, Magda Lahorgue Nunes

“…Findings were heterogeneous between studies, being the most frequent macrostructural findings a smaller proportion and greater latency of REM sleep in two studies and, in meta-analysis, a longer sleep latency was the most significant finding among epileptic patients. …”
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Beyond shallow feelings of complex affect: Non-motor correlates of subjective emotional experience in Parkinson's disease. by Claudia Carricarte Naranjo, Claudia Sánchez Luaces, Ivonne Pedroso Ibáñez, Andrés Machado, Hichem Sahli, María Antonieta Bobes

“…In the PD group, we explored the association between emotional self-reported scores and clinical scales assessing autonomic dysregulation, depression, REM sleep behavior disorder, and cognitive impairment. …”
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What respiratory physicians should know about parasomnias by Imran Johan Meurling, Panagis Drakatos, Guy Leschziner

“…Parasomnias can arise out of non-rapid eye movement (NREM) sleep, as in confusional arousals, sleepwalking, sleep terrors or sleep-related eating disorder, or out of REM sleep, as in REM behaviour disorder, recurrent isolated sleep paralysis or nightmare disorder. …”
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Hyposmia Is Associated with RBD for PD Patients with Variants of SNCA by Yuanyuan Li, Wenyan Kang, Linyuan Zhang, Liche Zhou, Mengyue Niu, Jun Liu

“…Objective: Hyposmia may occur simultaneously with REM sleep behavior disorder (RBD) as a specific phenotype in Parkinson's Diseases (PD), of which the disease progression is fast. …”
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