Higher-order sensorimotor circuit of the brain's global network supports human consciousness by Pengmin Qin, Xuehai Wu, Changwei Wu, Hang Wu, Jun Zhang, Zirui Huang, Xuchu Weng, Di Zang, Zengxin Qi, Weijun Tang, Tanikawa Hiromi, Jiaxing Tan, Sean Tanabe, Stuart Fogel, Anthony G. Hudetz, Yihong Yang, Emmanuel A Stamatakis, Ying Mao, Georg Northoff

“…We also included a unique dataset of subjects in rapid eye movement sleep state (REM-sleep) to test for the presence of consciousness with minimum movements and sensory input. …”
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Neurophysiology of Avian Sleep: Comparing Natural Sleep and Isoflurane Anesthesia by Jacqueline van der Meij, Dolores Martinez-Gonzalez, Gabriël J. L. Beckers, Niels C. Rattenborg

“…Nonetheless, the spatial distribution of slow-waves under anesthesia was more comparable to NREM sleep than to wake or REM sleep. Similar to NREM sleep, slow-wave propagation under anesthesia mainly occurred in the thalamic input layers of the hyperpallium, regions which also showed the greatest slow-wave power during both recording conditions. …”
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Pedunculopontine nucleus stimulation: Where are we now and what needs to be done to move the field forward? by Hokuto eMorita, Chris J Hass, Elena eMoro, Atchar eSudhyadhom, Rajeev eKumar, Michael S. Okun

“…The PPN also modulates nonmotor functions including REM sleep, cognition, attention, arousal, and these observations will require long term monitoring of to fully characterize potential side effects and benefits. …”
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Diagnostic Criteria for Dementia with Lewy Bodies: Updates and Future Directions by Masahito Yamada, Junji Komatsu, Keiko Nakamura, Kenji Sakai, Miharu Samuraki-Yokohama, Kenichi Nakajima, Mitsuhiro Yoshita

“…Significant new information about previously reported aspects of DLB has been incorporated, with increased diagnostic weighting given to rapid eye movement (REM) sleep behavior disorder (RBD) and iodine-123-metaiodobenzylguanidine (MIBG) myocardial scintigraphy. …”
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Sleep Disorders in Rodent Models of Parkinson’s Disease by Daniel de Castro Medeiros, Daniel de Castro Medeiros, Cleiton Lopes Aguiar, Márcio Flávio Dutra Moraes, Gilberto Fisone

“…These conditions, which in some cases affect more than 50% of Parkinson’s disease (PD) patients, include hypersomnia, often manifested as excessive daytime sleepiness, insomnia, characterized by delayed initiation and fragmentation of sleep at night, and disruption of rapid eye movement (REM) sleep, resulting in loss of atonia and dream enactment. …”
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Sleep cycle in children with severe acute bronchopneumonia during mechanical ventilation at different depths of sedation by XueShan Zhao, JingLi Yan, Bo Wu, Duo Zheng, Xiuying Fang, Wei Xu

“…The sleep cycle returned to normal in 27 (77%) patients without NREM-1 or REM sleep loss. Conclusions Deep sedation during mechanical ventilation allows longer total sleep duration, fewer awakenings, and an increased deep sleep proportion, but sleep architecture is severely altered. …”
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Effects of Spinal Cord Injury Site on Cardiac Autonomic Regulation: Insight from Analysis of Cardiovascular Beat by Beat Variability during Sleep and Orthostatic Challenge by Pietro Guaraldi, Mara Malacarne, Giorgio Barletta, Giuseppe De Scisciolo, Massimo Pagani, Pietro Cortelli, Daniela Lucini

“…We considered spontaneous or induced sympathetic excitation, as obtained shifting from non-REM to REM sleep or from rest to passive tilt. We obtained evidence of ANS cardiac (dys)regulation, of greater importance for gradually proximal location (i.e., cervical) SCI, compatible with a progressive loss of modulatory role of sympathetic afferents to the spinal cord. …”
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Deep Learning in Automatic Sleep Staging With a Single Channel Electroencephalography by Mingyu Fu, Yitian Wang, Zixin Chen, Jin Li, Fengguo Xu, Xinyu Liu, Fengzhen Hou

“…In this study, we proposed a deep learning-based network by integrating attention mechanism and bidirectional long short-term memory neural network (AT-BiLSTM) to classify wakefulness, rapid eye movement (REM) sleep and non-REM (NREM) sleep stages N1, N2 and N3. …”
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A comparative blind study between skin biopsy and seed amplification assay to disclose pathological α-synuclein in RBD by R. Liguori, V. Donadio, Z. Wang, A. Incensi, G. Rizzo, E. Antelmi, F. Biscarini, F. Pizza, Wq Zou, G. Plazzi

“…Abstract To compare the diagnostic accuracy of the immunofluorescence (IF) technique and aSyn-seed amplification assay (aSyn-SAA) of skin and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) in disclosing pathological α-syn in idiopathic idiopathic REM sleep behavior disorder (iRBD) as early phase of a synucleinopathy. …”
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Sleep-related and diurnal effects on brain diffusivity and cerebrospinal fluid flow by Ruth O'Gorman Tuura, Carina Volk, Fraser Callaghan, Valeria Jaramillo, Reto Huber

“…In healthy adults investigated with MRI before and after sleep EEG, we observed an increase in water diffusivity overnight, which was positively related to the proportion of total sleep time spent in rapid eye movement (REM) sleep, and negatively associated with the fraction of sleep time spent in non rapid eye movement (NREM) sleep. …”
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Full-Body Photobiomodulation Therapy Is Associated with Reduced Sleep Durations and Augmented Cardiorespiratory Indicators of Recovery by Lauren E. Rentz, Randy W. Bryner, Jad Ramadan, Ali Rezai, Scott M. Galster

“…Sleep durations were also reduced following PBMT, with total sleep time (TST) averaging 40 min less the night after a session (<i>p</i> = 0.0006), as well as significant reductions in light sleep (<i>p</i> = 0.0307) and rapid eye movement (REM) sleep durations (<i>p</i> = 0.0019). Sleep durations were still lower following PBMT, even when controlling for daily and accumulated training loads. …”
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The Impact of Sound on Electroencephalographic Waves during Sleep in Patients Suffering from Tinnitus by Marisa Pedemonte, Martín Testa, Marcela Díaz, Diego Suárez-Bagnasco

“…Power spectra and intra- and inter-hemispheric coherence of electroencephalographic waves from frontal and temporal electrodes were measured with and without sound stimulation for each sleep stage (stages N2 with sleep spindles; N3 with slow wave sleep and REM sleep with Rapid Eye Movements). The main results found were that the largest number of changes, considering both the power spectrum and wave׳s coherence, occurred in stages N2 and N3. …”
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Non Motor Symptoms In Patients With parkinson's Disease In Baghdad Hospitals by Ahmed Tahseen Muslim

“… Background:Parkinson’disease(PD) is a neurodegenerative disorder of the central nervous system characterized by resting tremor, bradykinesia, cogwheel rigidity, and impairment of postural reflexes; the frequency of PD increases with aging.Clinically Parkinson's disease characterized by two groups of symptoms: motor and non-motor symptoms.Non-motor symptoms can be categorized as autonomic, cognitive/psychiatric (may include depression, dementia, anxiety, hallucinations), sensory and rapid eye movements (REM) sleep behavior disorder (RBD). Objectives:The objectives of this study are to find out the frequency of the non-motor symptoms of idiopathic Parkinson disease in a group of patients in Baghdad hospitals. …”
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Combining time-frequency and spatial information for the detection of sleep spindles by Christian eO'Reilly, Christian eO'Reilly, Jonathan eGodbout, Julie eCarrier, Julie eCarrier, Jean-Marc eLina

“…This null hypothesis is constructed from events occurring during rapid eye movement (REM) sleep epochs. In the specificity phase, a hierarchical clustering of the selected candidates is done based on events’ frequency and spatial position along the anterior-posterior axis. …”
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Dreamers’ evaluation of the emotional valence of their day-to-day dreams is indicative of some mood regulation function by Kheana Barbeau, Chloé Turpin, Alexandre Lafrenière, Emma Campbell, Joseph De Koninck

“…The second strongest predictor of positive morning mood was the subjects’ dream positivity bias.Conclusion: Results provide some support for the association of dreaming in mood regulation attributable to REM sleep. They also highlight that pathways implicated in mood regulation may be distinct from stress regulation.…”
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Structural differences between REM and non-REM dream reports assessed by graph analysis. by Joshua M Martin, Danyal Wainstein Andriano, Natalia B Mota, Sergio A Mota-Rolim, John Fontenele Araújo, Mark Solms, Sidarta Ribeiro

“…We found that: (1) graphs from REM sleep possess a larger connectedness compared to those from N2; (2) measures of graph structure can predict ratings of dream complexity, where increases in connectedness and decreases in randomness are observed in relation to increasing dream report complexity; and (3) measures of the Largest Connected Component of a graph can improve a model containing report length in predicting sleep stage and dream report complexity. …”
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Sleep in Mechanically Ventilated Patients in the Intensive Care Unit by Ebru Ortaç Ersoy, Serpil Öcal, Atila Kara, Sadik Ardiç, Arzu Topeli

“…Median sleep time was 489.5 minutes (180-1105), median SE was 77.1% (24.9-96.5) and median arousal number was 147.5/TST (14-450). While REM sleep and non REM stage 3 sleep time and proportion were found to be decreased, non REM stage 2 sleep time and proportion were increased. …”
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Synaptic Homeostasis and Restructuring across the Sleep-Wake Cycle. by Wilfredo Blanco, Catia M Pereira, Vinicius R Cota, Annie C Souza, César Rennó-Costa, Sharlene Santos, Gabriella Dias, Ana M G Guerreiro, Adriano B L Tort, Adrião D Neto, Sidarta Ribeiro

“…Based on these results, we modeled sleep-dependent LTP on a network of fully connected excitatory neurons fed with spikes recorded from the rat hippocampus across WK, SWS and REM. Sleep without LTP orderly rescaled synaptic weights to a narrow range of intermediate values. …”
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Compensatory mechanisms of reduced interhemispheric EEG connectivity during sleep in patients with apnea by Maksim Zhuravlev, Mikhail Agaltsov, Anton Kiselev, Margarita Simonyan, Mikhail Novikov, Anton Selskii, Rodion Ukolov, Oksana Drapkina, Anna Orlova, Thomas Penzel, Anastasiya Runnova

“…The maximum variability of the connectivity was observed at fast oscillatory processes during REM sleep. The possibility of observing some changes in functional connectivity of brain activity in OSA patients in a state of passive wakefulness opens up prospects for further research. …”
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The Elusive “Switch Process” in Bipolar Disorder and Photoperiodism: A Hypothesis Centering on NADPH Oxidase-Generated Reactive Oxygen Species Within the Bed Nucleus of the Stria T... by Martin N. Raitiere

“…First, we suggest that rapid eye movement (REM) sleep in both human and nonhuman plays a key role in probing for those seasonal changes in length of day that trigger the organism's characteristic involutional response (in certain animals, hibernation) to shorter days. …”
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