RNA polymerase II clusters form in line with surface condensation on regulatory chromatin by Agnieszka Pancholi, Tim Klingberg, Weichun Zhang, Roshan Prizak, Irina Mamontova, Amra Noa, Marcel Sobucki, Andrei Yu Kobitski, Gerd Ulrich Nienhaus, Vasily Zaburdaev, Lennart Hilbert

“…In eukaryotes, two major control points are recruitment of RNA polymerase II (Pol II) into a paused state, and subsequent pause release toward transcription. …”
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RNA Polymerase II transcription independent of TBP in murine embryonic stem cells by James ZJ Kwan, Thomas F Nguyen, Anuli C Uzozie, Marek A Budzynski, Jieying Cui, Joseph MC Lee, Filip Van Petegem, Philipp F Lange, Sheila S Teves

“…Transcription by RNA Polymerase II (Pol II) is initiated by the hierarchical assembly of the pre-initiation complex onto promoter DNA. …”
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Argonaute-Bound Small RNAs from Promoter-Proximal RNA Polymerase II by Zamudio, Jesse Ray, Kelly, Timothy James, Sharp, Phillip A.

“…A subset of promoter-proximal RNA polymerase II (RNAPII) complexes produces hairpin RNAs that are processed in a DiGeorge syndrome critical region gene 8 (Dgcr8)/Drosha-independent but Dicer-dependent manner. …”
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Functional Association of Gdown1 with RNA Polymerase II Poised on Human Genes by Cheng, Bo, Li, Tiandao, Rahl, Peter B., Adamson, Todd E., Loudas, Nicholas B., Guo, Jiannan, Varzavand, Katayoun, Cooper, Jeffrey J., Hu, Xiaopeng, Gnatt, Averell, Price, David H., Young, Richard A.

“…Most human genes are loaded with promoter-proximally paused RNA polymerase II (Pol II) molecules that are poised for release into productive elongation by P-TEFb. …”
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CTD kinase associated with yeast RNA polymerase II initiation factor b. by Feaver, W, Gileadi, O, Li, Y, Kornberg, R

“…A kinase activity specific for the C-terminal repeat domain (CTD) of RNA polymerase II is associated with nearly homogeneous yeast general initiation factor b by three criteria: cofractionation on the basis of size and charge and coinactivation by mild heat treatment. …”

CHARACTERIZATION OF YEAST RNA POLYMERASE-II TRANSCRIPTION FACTOR-B AND CTD KINASE by Feaver, W, Gileadi, O, Kornberg, R

Multiple transcript cleavage precedes polymerase release in termination by RNA polymerase II. by Dye, M, Proudfoot, N

“…The requirement of poly(A) signals to elicit transcription termination of RNA polymerase II (pol II) is firmly established. However, little else is known about the actual process of pol II transcription termination. …”

RNA polymerase II activity is located on the surface of protein-rich transcription factories. by Eskiw, C, Rapp, A, Carter, DR, Cook, P

Regulation of expression of human RNA polymerase II-transcribed snRNA genes by Guiro, J, Murphy, S

“…In addition to protein-coding genes, RNA polymerase II (pol II) transcribes numerous genes for non-coding RNAs, including the small-nuclear (sn)RNA genes. snRNAs are an important class of non-coding RNAs, several of which are involved in pre-mRNA splicing. …”

Regulation of expression of RNA polymerase II-transcribed human snRNA genes by da Rocha, J

“…Transcription initiation of snRNA genes is mediated by transcription factors like Oct-1, which recognize the DSE element, and by PTF, which recognizes the PSE and nucleates a pre-initiation complex (PIC) comprising general transcription factors TFIIA, B, C, E, F and H, TBP and some TBPassociated factors, and Mediator. RNA polymerase II (pol II) is then recruited with the carboxylterminal domain (CTD) of the large subunit in a hypophosphorylated form. …”

The fitness cost of rifampicin resistance in Pseudomonas aeruginosa depends on demand for RNA polymerase. by Hall, A, Iles, J, Maclean, C

“…In this article, we show that the average cost of rifampicin resistance in the pathogenic bacterium Pseudomonas aeruginosa is reduced by the addition of ribosome inhibitors (chloramphenicol or streptomycin) that indirectly constrain transcription rate and therefore reduce demand for RNA polymerase activity. This effect is consistent with predictions from metabolic control theory. …”

Active RNA polymerase I is fixed within the nucleus of HeLa cells. by Dickinson, P, Cook, P, Jackson, D

“…We have investigated whether active RNA polymerase I, the enzyme responsible for transcribing ribosomal RNA, is immobilized by attachment to a large subnuclear structure in HeLa cells. …”

Interplay between influenza virus and the host RNA polymerase II transcriptional machinery by Walker, A, Fodor, E

“…The influenza virus RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (RdRP) cleaves the 5′ end of nascent capped host RNAs and uses the capped RNA fragment to prime viral transcription in a mechanism called ‘cap snatching’. …”

Role of R-loops in pause-dependent transcriptional termination of RNA polymerase II by Skourti-Stathaki, K

“…Transcription termination of RNA polymerase II (Pol II) in mammals requires a functional poly(A) signal and either downstream pause sites or co-transcriptional cleavage (CoTC) sequences together with 3’transcript degradation by the nuclear 5’-3’ exonuclease Xrn2. …”

Terminal exon definition occurs cotranscriptionally and promotes termination of RNA polymerase II. by Dye, M, Proudfoot, N

In vivo characterization of regulatory polymorphisms by allele-specific quantification of RNA polymerase loading. by Knight, J, Keating, B, Rockett, K, Kwiatkowski, D

“…HaploChIP showed close correlation between the level of bound phosphorylated RNA polymerase II at the SNRPN locus and allele-specific expression. …”

Does transcription by RNA polymerase play a direct role in the initiation of replication? by Hassan, A, Cook, P

“…RNA polymerases have been implicated in the initiation of replication in bacteria. …”

RNA polymerase mutations cause cephalosporin resistance in clinical Neisseria gonorrhoeae isolates by Palace, SG, Wang, Y, Rubin, DH, Welsh, MA, Mortimer, TD, Cole, K, Eyre, DW, Walker, S, Grad, YH

“…We identify five mutations in these genes that each increase resistance to ceftriaxone, including one mutation that arose independently in two lineages, and show that clinical isolates from multiple lineages are a single nucleotide change from ceftriaxone resistance. These RNA polymerase mutations cause large-scale transcriptional changes without altering susceptibility to other antibiotics, reducing growth rate, or deranging cell morphology. …”

Live-cell superresolution microscopy reveals the organization of RNA polymerase in the bacterial nucleoid by Stracy, M, Lesterlin, C, Garza De Leon, F, Uphoff, S, Zawadzki, P, Kapanidis, A

“…Despite the fundamental importance of transcription, a comprehensive analysis of RNA polymerase (RNAP) behavior and its role in the nucleoid organization in vivo is lacking. …”

Active RNA polymerases are localized within discrete transcription "factories' in human nuclei. by Iborra, F, Pombo, A, Jackson, D, Cook, P

“…A typical site contained a cluster (diameter 71 nm) of at least 4, and probably about 20, engaged polymerases, plus associated transcripts that partially overlapped a zone of RNA polymerase II, ribonucleoproteins, and proteins rich in thiols and acidic groups. …”