The swarm: children in Chicago, 1890-1933 by Kubie, O

“…They disrupted adult uses of the street and enforced racial segregation. By the 1920s, gangs of school-aged children provided bootleggers with stolen vehicles and a stream of would-be gangsters. …”

Essays in public finance and labor economics by Ananat, Elizabeth Oltmans

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Geovisualization of Temporal Change in Urban Racial Geography: A Step towards Explaining Persistent Segregation by Tomasz Stepinski, Anna Dmowska

“…To better understand the persistence of residential racial segregation in U.S. cities, it is essential to develop testable, spatially explicit models of racial dynamics. …”
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Le racisme systémique et son cadre racial blanc : une perspective critique by Joe R. Feagin

“…Un tel cadre permet aux Blancs d’accumuler richesses et capital social, et perpétue les discriminations vis-à-vis des minorités non blanches.America’s national history has been largely mythologized: contrary to the image of a country of freedom and justice, this its economic development first on racialized slavery, then on racial segregation. Even after the end of segregation, the long-term oppression of Blacks by Whites constitutes a phenomenon of “systemic racism”, the author studies here. …”
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A Seat at the Table: Changing the Governing Structure of Low Income Housing Tax Credit Program Administration to Reflect Civil Rights Values and Fair Housing by Raquel Smith

“…Neither the Treasury nor the OCC have any regulations, guidance, reports, or audits that further fair housing by enforcing federal nondiscrimination policies or their legal duty to overcome patterns of racial segregation in housing.  This Note argues that Treasury and OCC should take a larger role in affirmatively furthering fair housing under the Fair Housing Act by reforming their governing structure and polices to reflect civil rights values.  …”
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A Microcosm of American Exceptionalism: Eigth-Rocks in Ruby as Chosen People in Toni Morrison’s Paradise by Pınar Süt Güngör

“…The assumption that grounds the study, therefore, is that the 8-rock families, the founders of Ruby Town, pattern the ideological formation of American exceptionalism, despite their coal-black skin color and inferior status in cultural paradigms, by adopting a policy of racial segregation. The solidification, as in the American case, implies that self-proclaimed New Founders are responsible for building an independent and superior community that embraces the doctrines of disenfranchisement and racism in America. …”
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Trail ride nation: Zydeco music & Creole entanglements in Southwest Louisiana by von Einsiedel, G

“…Mindful of the complex racial history in Louisiana, I also address how these entangled relationships connect to understandings of ‘creolization’ as a process of ‘creation, invention, critique, and resistance’ (Cohen and Toninato 2010: 14), and I ask how can they can become tools for self-making and reinvention against the region’s historical backdrop of racial segregation and systems of exclusion. This thesis explores how encounters with non-humans can encourage communal action and what kind of common world emerges by way of sonic, sartorial and edible engagements. …”

‘A Policy of Sacrifice’: G.B.A. Gerdener’s Missionally Founded Racial Theory and the Religionization of Apartheid by Jacques Pienaar

“…In 1935 the Dutch Reformed Church (DRC) accepted its federal mission policy which had racial segregation enshrined in it as a core and divinely sanctioned principle. …”
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Between Grandma and Granddaughter – The Process of Becoming a Black Woman in a Racist Society. Analysis of Intergenerational Transmission on the Example of bell hooks’ autobiograph... by Aneta Ostaszewska

“…(B)ell hooks writes Bone Black to reflect on being a Black girl growing up in racially segregated American society in the 60s of the twentieth century. …”
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Children’s rights to education in South Africa twenty years after democracy: a reflection on achievements, problems and areas for future action by Chitsamatanga, B.B., Rembe, N.S.

“…It further discusses how the existing education system translates the attainment of children rights to education in terms of the standard and quality of teaching and learning; existing school facilities; racial segregation; human and financial resources; and safe school learning environment. …”
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Australian Selectors in the Nineteenth Century and Discrepancies in Imaginings and Realities: Critical Family History by Andrew Milne

“…In particular, in the case of Australia, settlement, colonisation, and the possession of land are not benign, and are not isolated events, but have an impact on the present and future lives of both descendants of those that possessed the land, and those from whom it was taken away. The legacy of racial segregation (through the Stolen Generations), and despite the attempt to ‘close the gap’ since 2008, Aboriginal peoples in Australia still suffer the consequences of objectification and dehumanisation to which they were subjected. …”
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Analysing the spatial pattern of road networks in Kimberley, South Africa by https://doi.org/10.38140/trp.v82i.5831

“…Centrality measures and analysing the effects in terms of accessibility to the commerce and services of the city show how the legacy of racial segregation, poverty, and isolation from social and economic opportunities impedes the places within Kimberley. …”
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From Loan Sharks to Commercial Banks: Moral Crusades and the Segmentation of the Credit Market in the United States, 1900-1945 by Simon Bittmann

“…First, we study the emergence of new credit systems at the beginning of the XXth century, which enabled lower-class workers to borrow using their future wages or small property as collateral.Two case studies focusing on the South and the Midwest enable us to set forth a new, more intersectional conceptualization of the credit relationship: we underline the different forms of embeddedness of these exchange systems, particularly in the labor process, in the judicial system and in specific forms of racial segregation. Second, our research analyses the moral and political construction of a legitimate “business” of unsecured lending, through the study of the crusades and controversies targeting “loan sharks”, a certain class of creditors which gravitated on the fringe of industrial capitalism until the mid-1940s. …”
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Black Dancers and White Ballet: Case of Cuba by Larisa Nikiforova, Anastasiia Vasileva, Mayumi Sakamoto de Miasnikov

“…Cuba is a clear example of creating a national ballet school in a country where the fight for social equality was closely connected with overcoming racial segregation. But some researchers have noted that the majority of dancers in the Ballet Nacional de Cuba belong to the Caucasoid phenotype, which means they do not represent the Cuban nation which includes a large variety of phenotypes. …”
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Untying the Grotian Knot: How Tanaka Kōtarō’s Christian approach to international law disentangled the moral quandary of the South West Africa Cases by Jason Morgan

“…South Africa displayed flagrant disregard for human dignity in planning and enforcing a system of racial segregation, apartheid, which relegated millions of people to lower social strata. …”
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Spatial analysis of mental health and suicide clustering among older adults in North Carolina: An exploratory analysis by Sophia C. Ryan, Jennifer D. Runkle, Lauren M. Andersen, Margaret M. Sugg

“…Logistic regression and generalized estimating equations were used to examine the influence of multiple contextual variables (e.g., rural-urban commuting area codes, racial segregation) and compositional variables (e.g., race, insurance) within high-risk cluster locations. …”
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English additional language undergraduate students’ engagement with the academic content in their curriculum in a South African speech-language and hearing training program by Katijah Khoza-Shangase, Margo Kalenga

“…BackgroundThe emergence of the Speech-Language and Hearing (SLH) professions in South Africa took place during the era of racial segregation. Consequently, the culture and language of these professions have predominantly reflected the minority White population, even in SLH training programs. …”
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A depiction of Maphalla’s message in his poems: The case of Ke ikopela tokoloho and Mahlo a ka tutuboloha by Ntsoaki T. Mokala, Soyiso G. Khethoa

“…Therefore, as a writer who was subjected to racial segregation during the apartheid regime, he positioned himself as a social poet concerned about the sociopolitical situation of Africans in Africa. …”
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Dissemination of Cultural Norms and Values: Agent-Based Modeling by Denis Andreevich Degterev

“…One of the first examples of the use of agent-based modeling in political science is a model of racial segregation T. Shellinga. On the basis of this model, the author shows how the change in behavioral patterns at micro-level impacts on the macro-level. …”
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Pass, passing : between frames of memory, cinema and the archive by August, Ursula J

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