Green wall system coupled with slow sand filtration for efficient greywater management at households by Ravi K. Yadav, Siddhant Sahoo, Asheesh K. Yadav, Sunil A. Patil

“…The polished effluent produced by SSF operated at 187 cm d−1 HLR, with characteristics <5 mg L−1 COD, <2 NTU turbidity, <1 mg L−1 TN, ~0.5 mg L−1 TP, ~7.8 pH, and <100 MPN per 100 ml fecal coliforms, qualifies the standards for non-potable reuse applications. Along with reclaimed water reuse, green walls provide environmental benefits by fixing CO2 in plant biomass. …”
Get full text

Risks of benzalkonium chlorides as emerging contaminants in the environment and possible control strategies from the perspective of ecopharmacovigilance by Mengfan Liao, Songyi Wei, Jinru Zhao, Jun Wang, Guangquan Fan

“…Results indicated that BKCs globally occurred in municipal wastewater, surface water, groundwater, reclaimed water, sludge, sediment, soil, roof runoff, and residential dust samples across 13 countries. …”
Get full text

Carbon Dioxide Emission Equivalent Analysis of Water Resource Behaviors: Determination and Application of CEEA Function Table by Qiting Zuo, Zhizhuo Zhang, Junxia Ma, Chenguang Zhao, Xi Qin

“…Measures such as increasing the proportion of hydroelectric power generation, improving ecological water security capacity, and strengthening the level of wastewater treatment and reclaimed water reuse are effective ways to promote the goal of carbon neutrality in the field of water resources.…”
Get full text

Effect of Different Water Quality on the Nutritive Value and Chemical Composition of <i>Sorghum bicolor</i> Payenne in Cape Verde by Vanessa Mendoza-Grimón, Regla Amorós, Juan Ramón Fernández-Vera, Jose Manuel Hernádez-Moreno, María del Pino Palacios-Díaz

“…Cape Verde is a semiarid country where lack of rainfall exacerbates the scarce resources available for livestock which, therefore, make it very vulnerable to climate change. By providing reclaimed water (RW) for irrigation, it is possible to decrease forage importation. …”
Get full text

Creating a low-carbon campus in Chaoyang University of Technology (CYUT) by Cheng Tao-Ming, Chang Hwa-Nan, Yen Clive, Chen Ming-Hsiung

“…Water-saving equipment was installed in the whole campus and reclaimed water is collected for urban reuse. Garbage reduction and classification have been enforced to make ease for later treatments. …”
Get full text

Semiquantitative microbiological risk assessment for water reuse in agriculture: a case study in Brazil by Maria Gabriela de Souza Damaceno, Karla Alcione da Silva Cruvinel, Ana Silvia Pereira Santos

“…It can be concluded that risk assessment clarifies the options for system-management, allowing for better informed decision-making and encouraging public confidence in the safe application of water reuse. HIGHLIGHTS The reclaimed water showed E. coli above the limits recommended by the WHO and the Brazilian guidelines.; Acceptable risk was obtained for agricultural reuse of sugarcane and pasture.; Farmers had the greatest health risk.; The risk becomes despicable by increasing the treatment of recycled water and adopting more barriers.; The most suitable for Brazil is to adopt standards based on a fit-for-purpose approach supported by risk assessment…”
Get full text

Towards efficient water management in large-scale shale gas fields of China by Ke-Fan Cao, Yi Zeng, Xue-Shi Jin, Zhuo Chen, Yin-Hu Wu, Hong-Ying Hu

“…Making use of municipal reclaimed water in fracturing, promoting external reuse of SGW, strengthening the monitoring and safety guarantee of water use, and formulating national or regional water management guidelines can improve the utilization efficiency of water resources in shale gas fields. …”
Get full text

Adaptation Strategies for Flooding Risk from Rainfall Events in Southeast Spain: Case Studies from the Bajo Segura, Alicante by Esther Sánchez-Almodóvar, Jorge Olcina-Cantos, Javier Martí-Talavera

“…Firstly, in the town of Rojales, where several actions are being undertaken to improve the management of wastewater and rainwater and provide a solution to unauthorised dumping, as well as encouraging the use of reclaimed water with the creation of a recreational green area, El Recorral Park. …”
Get full text

Assessment of Health Risks in Wheat Crop Irrigated by Manka Canal, Dera Ghazi Khan, Pakistan by Muhammad Anwar ul Hassan, Sabiha Javied, Umair Riaz, Muneera A. Saleh, Khalid H. Alamer, Naila Siddique, Ambreen Aslam, Nabeela Noor, Qamar uz Zaman

“…Therefore, it is crucial to implement robust wastewater treatment processes and stringent quality control measures to minimize health risks associated with the consumption of crops grown using reclaimed water. Prior to irrigating crops like wheat and vegetables, it is strongly advised to treat municipal wastewater to prevent soil and dietary toxicity from heavy metals.…”
Get full text

Potential and risks of water reuse in Brandenburg (Germany) – an interdisciplinary case study by Daniel Dittmann, Alina H. Seelig, Mogens Thalmann, Theresa Wilkes, Veikko Junghans, Daniel Zahn, Sondra Klitzke, Andre Peters, Jens Haberkamp, Thorsten Reemtsma, Aki S. Ruhl

“…Centralized and decentralized sources for reclaimed water are found to potentially substitute 245 or 28% of irrigation water, respectively, in agriculture production in Brandenburg. …”
Get full text

Membrane-Based Processes Used in Municipal Wastewater Treatment for Water Reuse: State-Of-The-Art and Performance Analysis by Jiaqi Yang, Mathias Monnot, Lionel Ercolei, Philippe Moulin

“…In addition, the reclaimed water should fulfill the criteria of health safety, appearance, environmental acceptance and economic feasibility based on their local water reuse guidelines. …”
Get full text

Extreme Runoff of Chemical Species of Nitrogen and Phosphorus Threatens a Florida Barrier Island Lagoon by John H. Trefry, Austin L. Fox

“…In contrast, yields of nitrate + nitrite were 100% higher for Crane Creek from widespread application of N-fertilizer to thin layers of turfgrass overlying sand, plus runoff of N-rich reclaimed water. Two major weather events highlighted our study and foreshadow impacts from climate change. …”
Get full text

Evaluating reuse of nontraditional water sources in agriculture and food production utilizing a scientometrics approach by Aishwarya Pradeep Rao, Debasmita Patra, Abani K. Pradhan

“…The current focus is on reclaimed water and roof harvested rainwater with other prospective sources being investigated. …”
Get full text

Environmental perspective of an enzyme-based system for the removal of antibiotics present in wastewater by Sofía Estévez, Sabrina de Boer, Gumersindo Feijoo, María Teresa Moreira

“…Therefore, the use of reclaimed water can offset the indirect effects of its treatment. …”
Get full text

Design and fabrication of electronic housing for water filter membrane module via 3D printing by Jaw, Wei Qi

“…NEWater recycles used water into high grade reclaimed water through advanced membrane filtration technologies like Reverse Osmosis. …”
Get full text

Fate and persistence of antibiotic-resistant bacteria and genes through a multi-barrier treatment facility for direct potable reuse by Lina Wallmann, Jörg Krampe, Josef Lahnsteiner, Elena Radu, Pierre van Rensburg, Katarzyna Slipko, Markus Wögerbauer, Norbert Kreuzinger

“…Given the availability of technological solutions and guidelines for safe drinking water, direct potable reuse of reclaimed water has become a promising option to overcome severe lack of potable water in arid regions. …”
Get full text

Revisiting the water-use efficiency performance for microelectronics manufacturing facilities: Using Taiwan’s Science Parks as a case study by Walter Den, Chih-Hao Chen, Yung-Chien Luo

“…Using the industrial cluster in Taiwan as an example to illustrate the potential of improve water reuse through collaborative schemes, we conducted a survey-based study to assess how the industry perceived the proposed “inter-plants” and “inter-park” schemes designed to create a reclaimed water trading mechanism in place of the existing “in-plant” practice of water reclamation. …”
Get full text

Prevalence of Salmonella and Listeria monocytogenes in non-traditional irrigation waters in the Mid-Atlantic United States is affected by water type, season, and recovery method. by Manan Sharma, Eric T Handy, Cheryl L East, Seongyun Kim, Chengsheng Jiang, Mary Theresa Callahan, Sarah M Allard, Shirley Micallef, Shani Craighead, Brienna Anderson-Coughlin, Samantha Gartley, Adam Vanore, Kalmia E Kniel, Joseph Haymaker, Rico Duncan, Derek Foust, Chanelle White, Maryam Taabodi, Fawzy Hashem, Salina Parveen, Eric May, Anthony Bui, Hillary Craddock, Prachi Kulkarni, Rianna T Murray, Amy R Sapkota

“…Work presented here shows that S. enterica and L. monocytogenes levels are higher in river waters compared to pond or reclaimed waters in the Mid-Atlantic region of the U.S., and quantitatively shows that analyzing 10 L water is more likely recover pathogens than smaller samples of environmental waters.…”
Get full text

Human Norovirus Surrogates Persist in Nontraditional Sources of Irrigation Water in Excess of 100 Days by Brienna L. Anderson-Coughlin, Adam Vanore, Adrienne E.H. Shearer, Samantha Gartley, Rolf D. Joerger, Manan Sharma, Kalmia E. Kniel

“…In this study, vegetable processing water (VW), brackish tidal surface water (SW), municipal reclaimed water (RW), and pond water (PW) were inoculated with each virus in a 1:10 v/v ratio containing virus at 3.5–4.5 logPFU/mL and stored at 16°C for 100 days. …”
Get full text

Assuring water quality along multi-barrier treatment systems for agricultural water reuse by Marius Mohr, Thomas Dockhorn, Jörg E. Drewes, Sybille Karwat, Susanne Lackner, Bryan Lotz, Andreas Nahrstedt, Andreas Nocker, Engelbert Schramm, Martin Zimmermann

“…Based on three pilot- and demonstration-scale projects investigating agricultural irrigation practices with reclaimed water, risks associated with these water reuse practices are highlighted and processes and strategies to minimize associated microbial risks were evaluated. …”
Get full text