Polarization anisotropy dynamics for thin films of a conjugated polymer aligned by nanoimprinting by Schmid, SA, Yim, K, Chang, M, Zheng, Z, Huck, W, Friend, R, Kim, J, Herz, L

“…While for an unaligned reference film, exciton migration results in a nearly complete depolarization of the emission over the first 300 ps, for the aligned films, interchain exciton hopping from unaligned to aligned domains is found to increase the anisotropy over the same time scale. …”

A convenient method for X-ray analysis in TEM that measures mass thickness and composition by Statham, P, Sagar, J, Holland, J, Pinard, P, Lozano-Perez, S

“…The procedure involves recording an X-ray spectrum from the reference film for each session of acquisitions on real specimens. …”

Gamma-Irradiated Gelatin-Based Films Modified by HEMA for Medical Application by Alam, Jahangir, Rahman, Md. Wasikur, Mazid, Russel A., Khan, Maksudur R.

“…The maximum tensile and tear strengths of irradiated gelatin films with HEMA were found to be 79.1 MPa and 83.2 N/mm, respectively, at the optimum conditions, and these values were about double that of a reference film prepared without additives. In addition, morphological analysis was done by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and showed how HEMA cemented and was covered with gelatin in the blend. …”
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Investigation of polymer degradation by addition of magnesium by Rahman, Wasikur, Alam, Jahangir, Khan, Maksudur R.

“…The radiation doses were optimized (12 kGy), and the adverse effect of Mg was studied against a reference film prepared without metal. Tensile strength, tear strength, and cross-linking density of the irradiated rubber films were decreased with increasing metal ion concentrations and decreasing radiation doses. …”
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Investigation of Polymer Degradation by Adding Magnesium by Rahman, Md. Wasikur, Alam, Jahangir, Khan, Maksudur R.

“…The radiation doses were optimized (12 kGy), and the adverse effect of Mg was studied against a reference film prepared without metal. Tensile strength, tear strength, and cross-linking density of the irradiated rubber films were decreased with increasing metal ion concentrations and decreasing radiation doses. …”
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Investigation into the Effect of Spinel Pigments on the Photostability and Combustion Properties of Ethylene-Norbornene Copolymer by Małgorzata Kuśmierek, Bolesław Szadkowski, Przemysław Rybiński, Magdalena Śliwka-Kaszyńska, Mirosława Prochoń, Bartłomiej Syrek, Anna Marzec

“…The results show that the color changes (ΔE) in the spinel pigments were minor in comparison to those in the organic pigment (PY139) and the reference film. The Zinc Yellow (PY119) pigment was the most effective stabilizer of EN copolymer. …”
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Ferroelectric [HfO2/ZrO2] Superlattices with Enhanced Polarization, Tailored Coercive Field, and Improved High Temperature Reliability by David Lehninger, Aditya Prabhu, Ayse Sünbül, Tarek Ali, Fred Schöne, Thomas Kämpfe, Kati Biedermann, Lisa Roy, Konrad Seidel, Maximilian Lederer, Lukas M. Eng

“…Compared to a 10 nm (Hf,Zr)O2 solid solution reference film, the use of superlattice stacks significantly improves the above mentioned parameters. …”
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Angle-dependent Magnetoresistance of an Ordered Bose Glass of Vortices in YBa₂Cu₃O_7-<i>δ</i> Thin Films with a Periodic Pinning Lattice by Bernd Aichner, Lucas Backmeister, Max Karrer, Katja Wurster, Reinhold Kleiner, Edward Goldobin, Dieter Koelle, Wolfgang Lang

“…Angle-dependent magnetoresistance measurements in constant-Lorentz-force geometry unveil a strong increase in anisotropy compared to a pristine reference film where the density of vortices matches that of the columnar defects. …”
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Photoalignment and spatial patterning of liquid crystalline conjugated polymers for polarised light emission by Shi, Y

“…The spin-coated amorphous F8BT reference film was found to possess no long-range structural order and exhibit the lowest photoluminescence (PL) lifetime and quantum efficiency (PLQE) of ~30%. …”

In situ fragmentation of Al/Al2O3 multilayers on flexible substrates in biaxial tension by Barbara Putz, Thomas E.J. Edwards, Emese Huszar, Laszlo Pethö, Patrice Kreiml, Megan J. Cordill, Dominique Thiaudiere, Stephane Chiroli, Fatih Zighem, Damien Faurie, Pierre-Olivier Renault, Johann Michler

“…The multilayers together with 50 nm and 150 nm Al reference films were analyzed by cross-sectional TEM analysis and experimentally strained in biaxial tension to investigate their deformation behavior. …”
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Combinatorial Materials Design Approach to Investigate Adhesion Layer Chemistry for Optimal Interfacial Adhesion Strength by Rachel L. Schoeppner, Barbara Putz, Aidan A. Taylor, Laszlo Pethö, Keith Thomas, Olivier Antonin, Thomas Nelis, Johann Michler

“…Three different adhesion promoting metals, namely W, Cr, and Ta, were selected to fabricate arrays of co-sputtered binary alloy films, with patches of seven different, distinct alloy compositions for each combination, and single element reference films on a single Si wafer (three wafers in total; W–Cr, Cr–Ta, Ta–W). …”
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Measurement of Quantum Yields of Monolayer TMDs Using Dye-Dispersed PMMA Thin Films by Shrawan Roy, Anir S. Sharbirin, Yongjun Lee, Won Bin Kim, Tae Soo Kim, Kiwon Cho, Kibum Kang, Hyun Suk Jung, Jeongyong Kim

“…The convenient procedure proposed in this study for preparing the thin reference films and the simple protocol for the QY estimation of 1L-TMDs may enable accurate comparisons of the absolute QYs between the 1L-TMD samples, thereby enabling the development of a method to improve the QY of 1L-TMDs.…”
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Structure and Electrical Behavior of Hafnium-Praseodymium Oxide Thin Films Grown by Atomic Layer Deposition by Kaupo Kukli, Lauri Aarik, Guillermo Vinuesa, Salvador Dueñas, Helena Castán, Héctor García, Aarne Kasikov, Peeter Ritslaid, Helle-Mai Piirsoo, Jaan Aarik

“…The HfO₂ reference films crystallized in the stable monoclinic phase of HfO₂. …”
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Performance of Radiation Dosimeters in Gradient Regions at Different Dose Rates of Linear Accelerators by El Moataz B Ahmed, H.S. Abouelenein, magdy khalil, M El- Nagdy, Hany Ammar

“…Introduction: This work aimed to evaluate the accuracy of using parallel plane against thimble chambers in beam data commissioning of the high dose gradients region for versa HD linear accelerator performing clinical advanced modulated radiation treatment techniques.Material and Methods: All clinical commissioning data were collected from Elekta Versa HD for energies of 6 MV, 10 MV, 6 MV FFF, and 10 MV FFF for different field sizes using thimble ionization chamber CC13, some from the pool of the measured data were rescanned using parallel plate chamber PPC05 and Gafchromic films and compared to those collected using the thimble ionization chamber.Results: The skin doses differences measured by thimble chamber against reference films were (0.8%, 0.5%, 1.2% 4.7%) and for the parallel plane chamber against films were (8.4%, 9.7%, 9%, 12%) for 6 MV, 10 MV, 6 MV FFF, 10 MV FFF, respectively. …”
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Ionic Inter-Particle Complexation Effect on the Performance of Waterborne Coatings by Maialen Argaiz, Fernando Ruipérez, Miren Aguirre, Radmila Tomovska

“…The ionic complexed films were compared with reference films obtained at pH at which the cationic charges were in neutral form. …”
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